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Knowledge reading in English

Choose a topic and a reading level, then open a complete locally stored article. Each page keeps the original English wording and revision attribution while adding transparent reading measures and exact links to the local dictionary.

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Ideas & learning · Advanced

Riemannian submersion

In differential geometry, a branch of mathematics, a Riemannian submersion is a submersion from one Riemannian manifold to another that respects the metrics, meaning that it is an orthogonal projection on tangent spaces.

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2 min
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86%
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Literature & books · Accessible

The Elf Maiden

The Elf Maiden is a Sámi fairy tale, collected by J. C. Poestion in Lapplandische Märchen. Andrew Lang included it in The Brown Fairy Book. Once upon a time, two men fell in love with the same maiden. One day, on a fishi

Reading time
2 min
Complete text
2443 characters
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86%
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Language & communication · Advanced

Rearguard

Military unit or personnel that protects the rear of the main force

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2 min
Complete text
3273 characters
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86%
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Ideas & learning · Challenging

Lionel convention

Lionel is a contract bridge bidding convention used in defense against an opposing 1NT openings. Using Lionel, over a 1NT opening of the opponents: :* a double is conventional and denotes spades and a lower suit (4-4 or

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2 min
Complete text
2010 characters
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86%
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Ideas & learning · Advanced

Eakin–Nagata theorem

In abstract algebra, the Eakin–Nagata theorem states: given commutative rings A \subset B such that B is finitely generated as a module over A , if B is a Noetherian ring, then A is a Noetherian ring. (Note the converse

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2 min
Complete text
2471 characters
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86%
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Places & the world · Advanced

Socialist property

Socialist property is a term used in the Soviet Union and other socialist countries to refer to state, public and cooperative property. It was proclaimed that under socialism, public socialist property exists in two form

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5 min
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8307 characters
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85%
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Science & nature · Advanced

Complex hyperbolic space

In mathematics, the complex hyperbolic space is a Hermitian manifold which is the equivalent of the real hyperbolic space in the context of complex manifolds. The complex hyperbolic space is a Kähler manifold, and it is

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5 min
Complete text
9152 characters
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85%
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