Colloquial Variant guide

abbess

noun · 3 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈæb.ɪs/
  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈæb.ɛs/
  • General-American: /ˈæb.ɪs/
  • General-American: /ˈæb.ɛs/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • Canada: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -æbɪs
  • rhymes with -æbɛs

1

noun

Meaning 1

A female superior or governess of a nunnery, or convent of nuns, having the same authority over the nuns which the abbots have over the monks.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Examples

  • The abbess was always after the nuns to keep the convent immaculately clean.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

A woman who runs a brothel; a woman employed by a prostitute to find clients.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: British, archaic, slang

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

the superior of a group of nuns

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: mother superior, prioress

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: superior

Narrower terms: mother, Bridget, Saint Bridget, St. Bridget, Brigid, Saint Brigid, St. Brigid, Bride, Saint Bride, St. Bride, Heloise

History

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Afroasiatic *ʔab- Proto-Semitic *ʔabw- Aramaic אַבָּאbor. Ancient Greek ἀββα (abba) Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbâs)der. Latin abbās Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Indo-European *-h2 Proto-Indo-European *-ih2der. Ancient Greek -ῐᾰ (-ĭă) Ancient Greek -ισσα (-issa)bor. Latin -issa Latin abbātissader. Old French abeesseder. Middle English abbesse English abbess From Middle English abbesse, from Old French abeesse (French abbesse), from Late Latin or Ecclesiastical Latin abbatissa, feminine of Latin abbas, abbatis (“abbot”).

Across languages

Translations

70 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Arabic: رَئِيسِيَّة دَيْر — female superior of a nunnery
  • Armenian: մայրապետ (mayrapet) — female superior of a nunnery
  • Armenian: աբբայուհի (abbayuhi) — female superior of a nunnery
  • Asturian: abadesa — female superior of a nunnery
  • Basque: abadesa — female superior of a nunnery
  • Belarusian: абаты́са (abatýsa) — female superior of a nunnery
  • Breton: abadez — female superior of a nunnery
  • Bulgarian: игуменка (igumenka) — female superior of a nunnery
  • Catalan: abadessa — female superior of a nunnery
  • Cornish: abases — female superior of a nunnery
  • Czech: abatyše — female superior of a nunnery
  • Danish: abbedisse — female superior of a nunnery
  • Dutch: abdis — female superior of a nunnery
  • Esperanto: abatino — female superior of a nunnery
  • Estonian: abtiss — female superior of a nunnery
  • Finnish: abbedissa — female superior of a nunnery
  • French: abbesse — female superior of a nunnery
  • Old French: abeesse — female superior of a nunnery
  • Galician: abadesa — female superior of a nunnery
  • Georgian: აბატისა (abaṭisa) — female superior of a nunnery
  • German: Äbtissin — female superior of a nunnery
  • German: Priorin — female superior of a nunnery
  • German: Oberin — female superior of a nunnery
  • Greek: ηγουμένη (igouméni) — female superior of a nunnery
  • Hungarian: apácafőnöknő — female superior of a nunnery
  • Hungarian: apátnő — female superior of a nunnery
  • Icelandic: abbadís — female superior of a nunnery
  • Ido: abadino — female superior of a nunnery
  • Interlingua: Abbatessa — female superior of a nunnery
  • Irish: ban-ab — female superior of a nunnery
  • Irish: máthairab — female superior of a nunnery
  • Italian: badessa — female superior of a nunnery
  • Japanese: 尼僧院長 (nisōinchō) — female superior of a nunnery
  • Latin: abbātissa — female superior of a nunnery
  • Latvian: abate — female superior of a nunnery
  • Lithuanian: abatė — female superior of a nunnery
  • Macedonian: опатица (opatica) — female superior of a nunnery
  • Macedonian: игуменија (igumenija) — female superior of a nunnery
  • Manx: ard-chaillagh — female superior of a nunnery
  • Manx: ard-chaillagh ghoo — female superior of a nunnery
  • Manx: ard-ven reill — female superior of a nunnery
  • Manx: ben abb — female superior of a nunnery
  • Manx: moir abb — female superior of a nunnery
  • Norman: abbêsse — female superior of a nunnery
  • Norwegian Bokmål: abbedisse — female superior of a nunnery
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: abbedisse — female superior of a nunnery
  • Occitan: abadessa — female superior of a nunnery
  • Old English: abbodesse — female superior of a nunnery
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: abadessa — female superior of a nunnery
  • Polish: przeorysza — female superior of a nunnery
  • Polish: ksieni — female superior of a nunnery
  • Polish: opatka — female superior of a nunnery
  • Portuguese: abadessa — female superior of a nunnery
  • Romanian: stareță — female superior of a nunnery
  • Russian: аббати́са (abbatísa) — female superior of a nunnery
  • Russian: настоя́тельница — female superior of a nunnery
  • Russian: игу́менья (igúmenʹja) — female superior of a nunnery
  • Scottish Gaelic: ban-aba — female superior of a nunnery
  • Slovene: opatinja — female superior of a nunnery
  • Spanish: abadesa — female superior of a nunnery
  • Swedish: abbedissa — female superior of a nunnery
  • Tagalog: abadesa — female superior of a nunnery
  • Turkish: başrahibe — female superior of a nunnery
  • Ukrainian: абати́са (abatýsa) — female superior of a nunnery
  • Vietnamese: bà trưởng tu viện — female superior of a nunnery
  • Vietnamese: nữ trưởng tu viện/ nữ trụ trì — female superior of a nunnery
  • Volapük: jilepädan — female superior of a nunnery
  • Welsh: abades — female superior of a nunnery
  • Yiddish: אַבאַטיצע (abátitse) — female superior of a nunnery
  • Yiddish: הויפּט־מאָנאַשקע (hóypt-monáshke) — female superior of a nunnery