Standard Lemma guide

-al

suffix · 3 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /əl/
  • [l̩]
  • [ɫ̩]
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • /æl/

1

suffix

Meaning 1

Of or pertaining to. Adjectival suffix appended to various words, often nouns, to produce an adjective form. Often added to words of Latin origin, but used with other words also.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: morpheme

Examples

  • base + -al → basal
  • cranium + -al → cranial
  • spine + -al → spinal

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

suffix

Meaning 2

Forming nouns, especially of verbal action.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: morpheme

Examples

  • propose + -al → proposal
  • deny + -al → denial
  • bestow + -al → bestowal

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

suffix

Meaning 3

Forms the names of aldehydes.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: morpheme

Topics: chemistry, natural-sciences, organic-chemistry, physical-sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

History

Etymology

From Middle English -al, from the Latin adjective suffix -ālis, or French, Middle French and Old French -el, -al. Distant doublet of -ar.

Etymology tree Akkadian 𒎎𒋆𒁉𒍣𒁕 (guḫlum)bor. Aramaic כוחלא (kuḥlā)bor. Arabic كُحْل (kuḥl) Andalusian Arabic اَلْكُحُول (al-kuḥūl)bor. Latin alcoholder. Proto-Indo-European *de Proto-Indo-European *-h1 Proto-Indo-European *déh1 Proto-Italic *dē Latin dē Latin de-der. Proto-Indo-European *wed- Proto-Indo-European *-r̥ Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥ Proto-Hellenic *údōr Ancient Greek ῡ̆̔́δωρ (hū̆́dōr) Ancient Greek ῠ̔δρο- (hŭdro-)der. German Aldehydbor. English aldehydeclip. English -al Clipping of aldehyde.

Across languages

Translations

6 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Danish: -al — aldehyde
  • Dutch: -al — aldehyde
  • Galician: -al — aldehyde
  • Hungarian: -al — aldehyde
  • Polish: -al — aldehyde
  • Swedish: -al — aldehyde