Standard Lemma guide

-and

suffix · 3 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

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No pronunciation record was provided for this word.

1

suffix

Meaning 1

Used to form the present participle of verbs, equivalent to -ing.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: Scotland, dialectal, morpheme

Examples

  • livand, nurischand, ravand, snipand, goand

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

suffix

Meaning 2

A suffix of Anglo-Saxon origin forming adjectives from verbs analogous to -ing.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: morpheme

Qualifier: now rarely productive

Examples

  • waniand, blatant, blicant, farrand, flippant, gainand, rampant, trippant, warkand

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

suffix

Meaning 3

A suffix forming nouns denoting patients (i.e., recipients of actions), such as compiland.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: morpheme

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

History

Etymology

From Middle English -and, -end, -ant, -nd, from Old English -ende, -ande, present participle ending of verbs, and -end, -nd, agent ending, both from Proto-West Germanic *-andī, from Proto-Germanic *-andz (present participle suffix), from Proto-Indo-European *-onts. More at -ing.

From Latin gerundive termination -andus, -endus. More at -end.