argument

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• Received-Pronunciation: /ˈɑːɡjʊmənt/
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• General-American: /ˈɑɹɡjʊmənt/
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• General-American: /-ɡju-/
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• General-American: /-ɡjə-/
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• General-American: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• CMU ARPABET: AA1 R G Y AH0 M AH0 N T Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h2erǵ- Proto-Indo-European *-us Proto-Indo-European *h2érǵus Proto-Italic *argus Proto-Indo-European *-eti Proto-Indo-European *-ti Proto-Italic *-ō Proto-Italic *arguō Latin arguō Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥tom Proto-Italic *-mentom Latin -mentum Latin argūmentumder. Anglo-Norman arguementbor. Middle English argument English argument From Middle English argument, from Anglo-Norman and Old French arguement, from Latin argumentum. The English word is analysable as argue + -ment. Doublet of argumentum. Displaced native Old English racu and ġeflit.

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h2erǵ- Proto-Indo-European *-us Proto-Indo-European *h2érǵus Proto-Italic *argus Proto-Indo-European *-eti Proto-Indo-European *-ti Proto-Italic *-ō Proto-Italic *arguō Latin arguō Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥tom Proto-Italic *-mentom Latin -mentum Latin argūmentum Proto-Indo-European *-h2 Proto-Indo-European *-éh2 Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh2yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h2tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin argūmentorder. Old French argumenterbor. Middle English argumenten English argument The obsolete senses are derived from Middle English argumenten (“to argue, discuss; to consider, reflect”), from Old French argumenter (“to argue”), from Latin argūmentārī (“to adduce arguments or proof, prove, reason; to adduce (something) as argument or proof; to conclude”), from argūmentum (“argument (for a position); evidence, proof; point, theme; thesis, topic; plot (in theatre)”) (see further at etymology 1) + -or (the first-person singular present passive indicative of -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs)). The current sense is derived from the noun.

308 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Albanian: argument — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Arabic: حُجَّة (ḥujja) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Arabic: مُرَافَعَة (murāfaʕa) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Armenian: փաստարկ (pʻastark) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Armenian: կռվան (kṙvan) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Azerbaijani: dəlil — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Belarusian: абгрунтава́нне (abhruntavánnje) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Belarusian: аргуме́нт (arhumjént) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Breton: arguz — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Breton: arguzoù — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Bulgarian: аргуме́нт (argumént) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Bulgarian: до́вод (dóvod) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Catalan: argument — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Chinese Mandarin: 論點 /论点 (lùndiǎn) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Cornish: argyans — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Cornish: dadhel — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Czech: argument — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Danish: argument — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Dutch: argument — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Esperanto: argumento — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Finnish: argumentti — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Finnish: perustelu — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Finnish: syy — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• French: argument — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Galician: argumento — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Georgian: არგუმენტი (argumenṭi) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Georgian: საფუძველი (sapuʒveli) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• German: Argument — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Greek: επιχείρημα (epicheírima) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Ancient Greek: ἔλεγχος (élenkhos) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Gullah: aa’gymu’t — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Hebrew: טַעֲנָה (t'a'ana) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Hebrew: טיעון (t'i'un) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Hindi: तर्क (tark) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Hungarian: érv — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Irish: argóint — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Italian: argomento — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Kazakh: дәлел (dälel) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Kyrgyz: негиз (negiz) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Kyrgyz: негиздөө (negizdöö) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Kyrgyz: негизделүү аргумент (negizdelüü) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Kyrgyz: далил (dalil) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Kyrgyz: жүйө (jüyö) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Kyrgyz: ыспат (ıspat) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Kyrgyz: далилдөө (dalildöö) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Latin: argumentum — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Latvian: arguments — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Malay: hujah — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Eastern Mari: амал (amal) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Old English: racu — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Oromo: falmii — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Polish: argument — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Polish: powód — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Polish: uzasadnienie — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Polish: dowód — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Polish: racja — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Portuguese: argumento — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Romanian: argument — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Russian: обоснова́ние (obosnovánije) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Russian: аргуме́нт (argumént) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Russian: до́вод (dóvod) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Scottish Gaelic: argainn — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Slovene: argument — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Slovene: utemeljitev — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Spanish: argumento — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Swedish: argument — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Turkish: delil — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Turkish: hüccet — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Turkish: kanıt — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Turkish: sav — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Ukrainian: обґрунтува́ння (obgruntuvánnja) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Ukrainian: аргуме́нт (arhumént) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Ukrainian: до́від (dóvid) — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Vietnamese: lý lẽ — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Vietnamese: lí lẽ — fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
• Arabic: جِدَال (jidāl) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Arabic: مُجَادَلَة (mujādala) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Arabic: شِجَار (šijār) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Armenian: վեճ (več) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Armenian: վիճաբանություն (vičabanutʻyun) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Azerbaijani: sözləşmə — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Azerbaijani: mübahisə — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Belarusian: спор (spor) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Belarusian: спрэ́чка (spréčka) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Bhojpuri: बहस (bahas) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Breton: tabut — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Breton: tabutoù — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Bulgarian: спор (spor) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Bulgarian: диску́сия (diskúsija) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Catalan: disputa — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Cherokee: ᎠᏘᏲᏍᏗ (atiyosdi) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Chinese Mandarin: 論爭 /论争 (lùnzhēng) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Chinese Mandarin: 爭論 /争论 (zhēnglùn) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Czech: hádka — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Danish: argumentation — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Danish: diskussion — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Danish: skænderi — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Dutch: ruzie — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Dutch: betoog — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Esperanto: disputo — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Finnish: kiista — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Finnish: kiistely — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Finnish: kina — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Finnish: kinastelu — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Finnish: riita — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Finnish: sanasota — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Finnish: väittely — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• French: querelle — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Galician: baralla — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Galician: rifa — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Galician: porfía — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Galician: discusión — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Georgian: კამათი (ḳamati) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• German: Diskussion — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• German: Streit — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• German: Streitgespräch — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Gothic: 𐌾𐌹𐌿𐌺𐌰 (jiuka) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Gothic: 𐍃𐌰𐌺𐌾𐍉 (sakjō) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Greek: καβγάς (kavgás) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Ancient Greek: νεῖκος (neîkos) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Hebrew: ויכוח — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Hebrew: וִכּוּחַ m רִיב m מריבה (riv) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Hindi: बिबाद (bibād) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Hindi: बहस (bahas) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Hindi: झगड़ा (jhagṛā) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Hindi: विवाद (vivād) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Hungarian: nézeteltérés — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Hungarian: szóváltás — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Hungarian: vita — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Ingrian: riita — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Irish: aighneas — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Italian: discussione — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Italian: lite — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Japanese: 論争 (ronsō) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Kazakh: дау (dau) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Kazakh: талас (talas) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Korean: 논쟁 (nonjaeng) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Korean: 론쟁 (ronjaeng) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Central Kurdish: شەڕەقِسە (şerreqise) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Central Kurdish: قِڕەبِڕ (qirrebirr) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Kyrgyz: айтыш (aytış) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Kyrgyz: тартыш (tartış) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Kyrgyz: талаш (talaş) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Kyrgyz: дискуссия (diskussiya) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Kyrgyz: жыйынтык (jıyıntık) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Latin: iurgium — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Māori: ngutungutu — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Marathi: भांडण (bhāṇḍaṇ) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Marathi: विवाद (vivād) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Marshallese: akwāāl — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Navajo: saadtah — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Occitan: peleja — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Occitan: brega — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Occitan: garrolha — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Old English: ġeflit — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Plautdietsch: Zank — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Polish: sprzeczka — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Polish: kłótnia — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Polish: batalia — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Portuguese: discussão — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Romanian: ceartă — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Romanian: dispută — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Romanian: contraargumentare — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Russian: спор (spor) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Russian: ссо́ра (ssóra) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Sardinian: condierra — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Sardinian: contrastu — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Sardinian: tiristratza — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Scottish Gaelic: connsachadh — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Scottish Gaelic: connspaid — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Slovene: prepir — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Slovene: spor — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Spanish: discusión — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Spanish: bronca — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Spanish: riña — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Spanish: pelea — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Spanish: altercado — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Spanish: altercación — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Spanish: argüende — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Spanish: trabacuenta — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Spanish: bronche — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Spanish: sampablera — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Spanish: rencilla — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Spanish: porfía — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Swedish: argumentation — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Swedish: diskussion — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Swedish: dispyt — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Swedish: gräl — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Telugu: వాగ్వాదము (vāgvādamu) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Tocharian B: śalna — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Turkish: münakaşa — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Turkish: tartışma — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Turkish: savunma — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Ottoman Turkish: نزاع (nizaʿ) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Ottoman Turkish: چكیش (çekiş) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Ottoman Turkish: پرخاش (perhaş) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Ukrainian: супере́чка (superéčka) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Ukrainian: спір (spir) — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Vietnamese: tranh luận — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Welsh: dadl — verbal dispute; a quarrel
• Belarusian: аргуме́нт (arhumjént) — process of reasoning
• Belarusian: аргумэ́нт (arhumént) — process of reasoning
• Belarusian: аргумента́цыя (arhumjentácyja) — process of reasoning
• Belarusian: аргумэнта́цыя (arhumentácyja) — process of reasoning
• Breton: arguzenn — process of reasoning
• Breton: arguzennoù — process of reasoning
• Catalan: argumentació — process of reasoning
• Chinese Mandarin: 論證 /论证 (lùnzhèng) — process of reasoning
• Danish: argumentation — process of reasoning
• Dutch: argumentatie — process of reasoning
• Finnish: väittely — process of reasoning
• Finnish: perustelu — process of reasoning
• French: argumentation — process of reasoning
• German: Argumentation — process of reasoning
• Hindi: तर्क (tark) — process of reasoning
• Hindi: दलील (dalīl) — process of reasoning
• Hungarian: érvelés — process of reasoning
• Irish: argóinteacht — process of reasoning
• Italian: argomentazione — process of reasoning
• Kazakh: дәлелдеме (däleldeme) — process of reasoning
• Latin: argumentatio — process of reasoning
• Latvian: argumentācija — process of reasoning
• Old English: racu — process of reasoning
• Polish: argumentacja — process of reasoning
• Portuguese: argumentação — process of reasoning
• Romanian: argumentare — process of reasoning
• Russian: аргуме́нт (argumént) — process of reasoning
• Russian: аргумента́ция (argumentácija) — process of reasoning
• Spanish: argumentación — process of reasoning
• Swedish: argumentation — process of reasoning
• Turkish: akıl yürütme — process of reasoning
• Turkish: ispatlama — process of reasoning
• Ukrainian: аргуме́нт (arhumént) — process of reasoning
• Ukrainian: аргумента́ція (arhumentácija) — process of reasoning
• Asturian: argumentu — independent variable
• Belarusian: аргуме́нт (arhumjént) — independent variable
• Bulgarian: аргуме́нт (argumént) — independent variable
• Catalan: argument — independent variable
• Chinese Mandarin: 自變量 /自变量 (zìbiànliàng) — independent variable
• Danish: argument — independent variable
• Dutch: argument — independent variable
• Finnish: argumentti — independent variable
• Galician: argumento — independent variable
• German: Argument — independent variable
• German: Funktionsargument — independent variable
• German: x-Wert — independent variable
• Greek: όρισμα (órisma) — independent variable
• Hungarian: független változó — independent variable
• Hungarian: argumentum — independent variable
• Italian: argomento — independent variable
• Kazakh: аргумент (argument) — independent variable
• Latvian: arguments — independent variable
• Latvian: neatkarīgais mainīgais — independent variable
• Polish: argument — independent variable
• Portuguese: argumento — independent variable
• Romanian: argument — independent variable
• Russian: аргуме́нт (argumént) — independent variable
• Russian: пара́метр (parámetr) — independent variable
• Spanish: variable dependiente — independent variable
• Spanish: argumento — independent variable
• Swedish: argument — independent variable
• Telugu: విభేదించు (vibhēdiñcu) — independent variable
• Turkish: argüman — independent variable
• Turkish: genlik — independent variable
• Ukrainian: аргуме́нт (arhumént) — independent variable
• Ukrainian: змі́нна (zmínna) — independent variable
• Arabic: وَسِيط (wasīṭ) — variable that is being passed to a function
• Armenian: արգումենտ (argument) — variable that is being passed to a function
• Asturian: argumentu — variable that is being passed to a function
• Bulgarian: аргуме́нт (argumént) — variable that is being passed to a function
• Catalan: argument — variable that is being passed to a function
• Chinese Mandarin: 參數 /参数 (cānshù) — variable that is being passed to a function
• Chinese Mandarin: 參量 /参量 (cānliàng) — variable that is being passed to a function
• Chinese Mandarin: 引數 /引数 (yǐnshù) — variable that is being passed to a function
• Min Nan Chinese: 引數 /引数 — variable that is being passed to a function
• Cornish: oberadow — variable that is being passed to a function
• Czech: argument — variable that is being passed to a function
• Danish: argument — variable that is being passed to a function
• Dutch: argument — variable that is being passed to a function
• Esperanto: argumento — variable that is being passed to a function
• Finnish: argumentti — variable that is being passed to a function
• French: argument — variable that is being passed to a function
• Galician: argumento — variable that is being passed to a function
• German: Argument — variable that is being passed to a function
• Greek: όρισμα (órisma) — variable that is being passed to a function
• Hebrew: ארגומנט (argumént) — variable that is being passed to a function
• Italian: argomento — variable that is being passed to a function
• Japanese: 引数 (hikisū) — variable that is being passed to a function
• Kazakh: аргумент (argument) — variable that is being passed to a function
• Korean: 인수 (insu) — variable that is being passed to a function
• Polish: argument — variable that is being passed to a function
• Portuguese: argumento — variable that is being passed to a function
• Russian: аргуме́нт (argumént) — variable that is being passed to a function
• Russian: пара́метр (parámetr) — variable that is being passed to a function
• Spanish: argumento — variable that is being passed to a function
• Swedish: argument — variable that is being passed to a function
• Turkish: değişken — variable that is being passed to a function
• Ukrainian: зале́жна змі́нна (zaléžna zmínna) — variable that is being passed to a function
• Vietnamese: đối số — variable that is being passed to a function
• Chinese Mandarin: 論元 /论元 (lùnyuán) — subject or matter
• Chinese Mandarin: 行動元 /行动元 (xíngdòngyuán) — subject or matter
• Dutch: onderwerp — subject or matter
• Dutch: thema — subject or matter
• Finnish: aihe — subject or matter
• German: Thema — subject or matter
• Hindi: विषय (viṣay) — subject or matter
• Japanese: 項 (kō) — subject or matter
• Spanish: argumento — subject or matter