Standard Lemma guide

assume

verb · 14 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /əˈsjuːm/
  • UK: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rare: /əˈʃuːm/ yod-coalescence
  • /əˈsum/ yod-dropping
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • /əˈzuːm/ African, especially Nigerian;
  • rhymes with -uːm
  • CMU ARPABET: AH0 S UW1 M Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

verb

Meaning 1

To authenticate by means of belief; to surmise; to suppose to be true, especially without proof.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Examples

  • We assume that, as her parents were dentists, she knows quite a bit about dentistry.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

verb

Meaning 2

To take on a position, duty or form.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Examples

  • Mr. Jones will assume the position of a lifeguard until a proper replacement is found.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

verb

Meaning 3

To adopt a feigned quality or manner; to claim without right; to arrogate.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Examples

  • He assumed an air of indifference.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

verb

Meaning 4

To receive, adopt (a person).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

verb

Meaning 5

To adopt (an idea or cause).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

verb

Meaning 6

put clothing on one's body

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • What should I wear today?
  • He put on his best suit for the wedding
  • The princess donned a long blue dress
  • The queen assumed the stately robes
  • He got into his jeans

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: wear, put on, get into, don

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: dress, get dressed

Narrower terms: hat, try on, try, scarf, slip on

7

verb

Meaning 7

take on a certain form, attribute, or aspect

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • His voice took on a sad tone
  • The story took a new turn
  • he adopted an air of superiority
  • She assumed strange manners
  • The gods assume human or animal form in these fables

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: acquire, adopt, take on, take

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: change

Narrower terms: re-assume

8

verb

Meaning 8

take to be the case or to be true; accept without verification or proof

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • I assume his train was late

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: presume, take for granted

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: expect, anticipate

Narrower terms: presuppose, suppose

9

verb

Meaning 9

take up someone's soul into heaven

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • This is the day when May was assumed into heaven

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: receive, take in, invite

10

verb

Meaning 10

make a pretence of

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • She assumed indifference, even though she was seething with anger
  • he feigned sleep

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: simulate, sham, feign

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: dissemble, pretend, act

Narrower terms: play, feint

11

verb

Meaning 11

occupy or take on

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • He assumes the lotus position
  • She took her seat on the stage
  • We took our seats in the orchestra
  • She took up her position behind the tree
  • strike a pose

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: take, strike, take up

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: move

12

verb

Meaning 12

seize and take control without authority and possibly with force; take as one's right or possession

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • He assumed to himself the right to fill all positions in the town
  • he usurped my rights
  • She seized control of the throne after her husband died

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: usurp, seize, take over, arrogate

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: take

Narrower terms: annex, appropriate, capture, seize, conquer, preoccupy, hijack, raid

13

verb

Meaning 13

take on as one's own the expenses or debts of another person

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • I'll accept the charges
  • She agreed to bear the responsibility

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: bear, take over, accept

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: take

Narrower terms: face the music, carry-the can

14

verb

Meaning 14

take on titles, offices, duties, responsibilities

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • When will the new President assume office?

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: adopt, take on, take over

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: take office

Narrower terms: resume

History

Etymology

From Latin assūmō (“accept, take”), from ad- (“to, towards, at”) + sūmō (“take up, assume”).

Across languages

Translations

141 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Albanian: e zem — to suppose to be true
  • Arabic: اِفْتَرَضَ (iftaraḍa) — to suppose to be true
  • Armenian: ենթադրել (entʻadrel) — to suppose to be true
  • Belarusian: прыпуска́ць (prypuskácʹ) — to suppose to be true
  • Belarusian: прыпусці́ць (prypuscícʹ) — to suppose to be true
  • Belarusian: дапуска́ць (dapuskácʹ) — to suppose to be true
  • Belarusian: дапушча́ць (dapuščácʹ) — to suppose to be true
  • Belarusian: дапусці́ць (dapuscícʹ) — to suppose to be true
  • Belarusian: меркава́ць (mjerkavácʹ) — to suppose to be true
  • Bengali: অনুমান (onuman) — to suppose to be true
  • Bulgarian: предпола́гам (predpolágam) — to suppose to be true
  • Bulgarian: предполо́жа (predpolóža) — to suppose to be true
  • Bulgarian: допуска́м (dopuskám) — to suppose to be true
  • Bulgarian: допу́сна (dopúsna) — to suppose to be true
  • Catalan: suposar — to suppose to be true
  • Chinese Mandarin: 假定 (jiǎdìng) — to suppose to be true
  • Czech: předpokládat — to suppose to be true
  • Czech: domnívat se — to suppose to be true
  • Danish: antage — to suppose to be true
  • Danish: formode — to suppose to be true
  • Dutch: aannemen — to suppose to be true
  • Dutch: veronderstellen — to suppose to be true
  • Esperanto: supozi — to suppose to be true
  • Faroese: halda — to suppose to be true
  • Finnish: olettaa — to suppose to be true
  • French: supposer — to suppose to be true
  • French: présupposer — to suppose to be true
  • French: présumer — to suppose to be true
  • French: assumer — to suppose to be true
  • Galician: supor — to suppose to be true
  • German: annehmen — to suppose to be true
  • German: voraussetzen — to suppose to be true
  • German: vermuten — to suppose to be true
  • German: unterstellen — to suppose to be true
  • Gothic: 𐌰𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽 (ahjan) — to suppose to be true
  • Hebrew: הֵנִיחַ (heníakh) — to suppose to be true
  • Hungarian: feltételez — to suppose to be true
  • Hungarian: feltesz — to suppose to be true
  • Italian: presupporre — to suppose to be true
  • Italian: ritenere — to suppose to be true
  • Japanese: 仮定する (katei suru) — to suppose to be true
  • Khmer: សន្មត (sɑɑsɑnmɔɔt) — to suppose to be true
  • Korean: 가정하다 (gajeonghada) — to suppose to be true
  • Latin: spero — to suppose to be true
  • Latin: adscisco — to suppose to be true
  • Latin: pono — to suppose to be true
  • Latin: sumo — to suppose to be true
  • Latin: ascisco — to suppose to be true
  • Latin: adsumo — to suppose to be true
  • Latin: praesumo — to suppose to be true
  • Latin: insumo — to suppose to be true
  • Macedonian: претпоставува (pretpostavuva) — to suppose to be true
  • Macedonian: претпостави (pretpostavi) — to suppose to be true
  • Norwegian Bokmål: anta — to suppose to be true
  • Norwegian Bokmål: formode — to suppose to be true
  • Persian: فرض کردن (farz kardan) — to suppose to be true
  • Persian: حدس زدن — to suppose to be true
  • Polish: przypuszczać — to suppose to be true
  • Polish: przypuścić — to suppose to be true
  • Polish: dopuszczać — to suppose to be true
  • Polish: dopuścić — to suppose to be true
  • Portuguese: supor — to suppose to be true
  • Portuguese: pressupor — to suppose to be true
  • Portuguese: presumir — to suppose to be true
  • Romanian: presupune — to suppose to be true
  • Romanian: prepune — to suppose to be true
  • Russian: предполага́ть (predpolagátʹ) — to suppose to be true
  • Russian: предположи́ть (predpoložítʹ) — to suppose to be true
  • Russian: допуска́ть (dopuskátʹ) — to suppose to be true
  • Russian: допусти́ть (dopustítʹ) — to suppose to be true
  • Serbo-Croatian: претпо̀стављати — to suppose to be true
  • Serbo-Croatian: претпо̀ставити — to suppose to be true
  • Serbo-Croatian: pretpòstavljati — to suppose to be true
  • Serbo-Croatian: pretpòstaviti — to suppose to be true
  • Slovak: predpokladať — to suppose to be true
  • Slovak: domnievať sa — to suppose to be true
  • Slovene: domnevati — to suppose to be true
  • Spanish: suponer — to suppose to be true
  • Spanish: dar por sentado — to suppose to be true
  • Swedish: anta — to suppose to be true
  • Turkish: varsaymak — to suppose to be true
  • Turkish: farz etmek — to suppose to be true
  • Ukrainian: припуска́ти (prypuskáty) — to suppose to be true
  • Ukrainian: припусти́ти (prypustýty) — to suppose to be true
  • Ukrainian: допуска́ти (dopuskáty) — to suppose to be true
  • Ukrainian: допусти́ти (dopustýty) — to suppose to be true
  • Urdu: فرض کرنا (farẓ karnā) — to suppose to be true
  • Vietnamese: cho rằng — to suppose to be true
  • Vietnamese: giả sử — to suppose to be true
  • Zazaki: ferz kerden — to suppose to be true
  • Bulgarian: пое́мам (poémam) — take on a position
  • Bulgarian: зае́мам (zaémam) — take on a position
  • Catalan: assumir — take on a position
  • Chinese Mandarin: 擔任 /担任 (dānrèn) — take on a position
  • Chinese Mandarin: 承接 (chéngjiē) — take on a position
  • Czech: zaujmout — take on a position
  • Dutch: innemen — take on a position
  • Dutch: aannemen — take on a position
  • Esperanto: alpreni — take on a position
  • Finnish: ottaa — take on a position
  • Finnish: omaksua — take on a position
  • French: assumer — take on a position
  • Galician: asumir — take on a position
  • German: annehmen — take on a position
  • German: aufnehmen — take on a position
  • German: einnehmen — take on a position
  • German: übernehmen — take on a position
  • Italian: assumere — take on a position
  • Japanese: 負う (ou) — take on a position
  • Japanese: 引き受ける (hikiukeru) — take on a position
  • Māori: whakatupu — take on a position
  • Portuguese: assumir — take on a position
  • Russian: занима́ть (zanimátʹ) — take on a position
  • Russian: заня́ть (zanjátʹ) — take on a position
  • Spanish: asumir — take on a position
  • Ukrainian: займа́ти (zajmáty) — take on a position
  • Vietnamese: nhậm chức — take on a position
  • Vietnamese: gánh vác — take on a position
  • Vietnamese: đảm đương — take on a position
  • Vietnamese: lấy — take on a position
  • Basque: uste izan — adopt an idea
  • Bulgarian: приемам (priemam) — adopt an idea
  • Bulgarian: приема (priema) — adopt an idea
  • Bulgarian: възприемам (vǎzpriemam) — adopt an idea
  • Bulgarian: възприема (vǎzpriema) — adopt an idea
  • Catalan: adoptar — adopt an idea
  • Chinese Mandarin: 採納 /采纳 (cǎinà) — adopt an idea
  • Chinese Mandarin: 接受 (jiēshòu) — adopt an idea
  • Czech: nabrat — adopt an idea
  • Dutch: aannemen — adopt an idea
  • Esperanto: akcepti — adopt an idea
  • Esperanto: alpreni — adopt an idea
  • Finnish: omaksua — adopt an idea
  • French: adopter — adopt an idea
  • French: prendre — adopt an idea
  • German: annehmen — adopt an idea
  • Latin: asciscō — adopt an idea
  • Russian: принима́ть (prinimátʹ) — adopt an idea
  • Russian: приня́ть (prinjátʹ) — adopt an idea
  • Spanish: asumir — adopt an idea
  • Ukrainian: прийма́ти (pryjmáty) — adopt an idea
Real reading context

assume in complete knowledge articles