beef

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• Australian, New-Zealand, Received-Pronunciation: /biːf/
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• British, Southern, Standard: /bɪjf/
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• SSB Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• General-American, Scotland: /bif/
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• rhymes with -iːf
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• CMU ARPABET: B IY1 F Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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From Middle English beef, bef, beof, borrowed from Anglo-Norman beof, Old French buef, boef (“ox”) (modern French bœuf); from Latin bovem (“ox”), from Proto-Italic *gwōs, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gwṓws. Doublet of cow. Beef in the sense of “a grudge, argument” was originally an American slang expression: * attested as a verb “to complain” in 1888: “He'll beef an' kick like a steer an' let on he won't never wear 'em.”— New York World, 13 May; * attested as a noun “complaint, protest, grievance, sim.” in 1899: “He made a Horrible Beef because he couldn't get Loaf Sugar for his Coffee.”—Fables in Slang (1900) by George Ade, page 80. As to the possible origin of this American usage, it has been suggested that it can be traced back to a British expression for “alarm”, first recorded in 1725: "BEEF 'to alarm, as To cry beef upon us; they have discover'd us, and are in Pursuit of us". The term "beef" in this context would be a Cockney rhyming slang of thief. However, the continuous use of a similar expression, including its assumed semantic shift to 'complaint' in the United States from the 1880s onwards, needs further clarification.

173 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Bulgarian: гове́жди (govéždi) — having beef as an ingredient
• Polish: wołowy — having beef as an ingredient
• Russian: говя́жий (govjážij) — having beef as an ingredient
• Afrikaans: beesvleis — meat
• Ahom: 𑜃𑜢𑜤𑜰𑜫 𑜑𑜥 (nü0 hū) — meat
• Albanian: mish lope — meat
• Southern Altai: бозуныҥ эди (bozunïŋ edi) — meat
• Southern Altai: уйдыҥ эди (uydïŋ edi) — meat
• Western Apache: magashi bitsiʼ — meat
• Arabic: لَحْم بَقَر (laḥm baqar) — meat
• Armenian: տավարի միս (tavari mis) — meat
• Basque: behiki — meat
• Belarusian: я́лавічына (jálavičyna) — meat
• Bourbonnais-Berrichon: bœû — meat
• Breton: bevin — meat
• Bulgarian: гове́ждо (govéždo) — meat
• Burmese: အမဲသား (a.mai:sa:) — meat
• Catalan: vedella — meat
• Cherokee: ᏩᎦ ᎭᏫᏯ (waga hawiya) — meat
• Chinese Cantonese: 牛肉 (ngau4 juk6) — meat
• Chinese: 牛肉 (zh-min-nan) — meat
• Chinese Mandarin: 牛肉 (niúròu) — meat
• Cornish: bewin — meat
• Cornish: kig bewin — meat
• Cornish: kig bowin — meat
• Corsican: boie — meat
• Corsican: boiu — meat
• Corsican: boi — meat
• Czech: hovězí — meat
• Danish: oksekød — meat
• Dutch: bief — meat
• Dutch: biefstuk — meat
• Dutch: rundvlees — meat
• Esperanto: bovaĵo — meat
• Estonian: veiseliha — meat
• Faroese: neytakjøt — meat
• Finnish: naudanliha — meat
• Finnish: häränliha — meat
• French: bœuf — meat
• West-Frisian: kowefleis — meat
• Galician: carne — meat
• Georgian: ძროხის (ʒroxis) — meat
• German: Rindfleisch — meat
• German: Ochsenfleisch — meat
• Greek: βοδινό (vodinó) — meat
• Greenlandic: nersussuup neqaa — meat
• Gujarati: ગોમાંસ (gomā̃s) — meat
• Hebrew: בָּקָר — meat
• Hindi: गोमांस (gomāns) — meat
• Hindi: गोश्त (gośt) — meat
• Hungarian: marhahús — meat
• Icelandic: nautakjöt — meat
• Ido: bovokarno — meat
• Indonesian: daging sapi — meat
• Irish: mairteoil — meat
• Italian: manzo — meat
• Italian: carne bovina — meat
• Japanese: 牛肉 (gyūniku) — meat
• Japanese: ビーフ (bīfu) — meat
• Kazakh: сиыр еті (siyr etı) — meat
• Khakas: інек иді (ìnek idì) — meat
• Khmer: សាច់គោ (sac koo) — meat
• Korean: 쇠고기 (soegogi) — meat
• Korean: 소고기 (sogogi) — meat
• Korean: -우 (-u) — meat
• Korean: 우육 (uyuk) — meat
• Kyrgyz: уй эти (uy eti) — meat
• Lao: ຊີ້ນງົວ (sīn ngūa) — meat
• Lao: ເນຶ້ອງົວ (nưa ngūa) — meat
• Latin: būbula — meat
• Latvian: liellopa gaļa — meat
• Latvian: vērša gaļa — meat
• Lithuanian: jautiena — meat
• Luxembourgish: Rëndfleesch — meat
• Macedonian: говедско (govedsko) — meat
• Macedonian: телешко (teleško) — meat
• Macedonian: јунешко (juneško) — meat
• Malay: daging lembu — meat
• Malay: daging — meat
• Maltese: ċanga — meat
• Manx: feill vart — meat
• Māori: kiko kau — meat
• Māori: mīti kau — meat
• Māori: pīwhi — meat
• Marathi: गोमांस (gomāusa) — meat
• Mauritian Creole: bef — meat
• Middle English: bef — meat
• Mongolian: үхрийн (üxriin) — meat
• Navajo: béégashii bitsįʼ — meat
• Nepali: बीउ (bīu) — meat
• Norman: viande dé vaque — meat
• Norwegian Bokmål: storfekjøtt — meat
• Norwegian Bokmål: oksekjøtt — meat
• Norwegian Nynorsk: storfekjøt — meat
• Norwegian Nynorsk: storfekjøtt — meat
• Norwegian Nynorsk: oksekjøt — meat
• Norwegian Nynorsk: oksekjøtt — meat
• Occitan: buòu — meat
• Persian: گوشت گاو (gušt-e gâv) — meat
• Plautdietsch: Rintfleesch — meat
• Polish: wołowina — meat
• Portuguese: carne de vaca — meat
• Portuguese: carne bovina — meat
• Portuguese: carne — meat
• Quechua: waka aycha — meat
• Romanian: vită — meat
• Romansh: charn-bov — meat
• Russian: говя́дина (govjádina) — meat
• Russian: теля́тина (teljátina) — meat
• Northern Sami: vuovssábiergu — meat
• Northern Sami: šibitbiergu — meat
• Northern Sami: oamebiergu — meat
• Samoan: povi — meat
• Samoan: fāsipovi — meat
• Sanskrit: गोमांस (gomāṃsa) — meat
• Scottish Gaelic: mairtfheòil — meat
• Serbo-Croatian: говедина — meat
• Serbo-Croatian: телетина — meat
• Serbo-Croatian: јунетина — meat
• Serbo-Croatian: govedina — meat
• Serbo-Croatian: teletina — meat
• Serbo-Croatian: junetina — meat
• Shor: нек эди (nek edi) — meat
• Sindhi: ٻوڙا (ḇoṛā) — meat
• Sinhalese: හරක් මස් (harak mas) — meat
• Slovak: hovädzie — meat
• Slovene: govedina — meat
• Slovene: teletina — meat
• Lower Sorbian: gowjeze měso — meat
• Lower Sorbian: gowjezyna — meat
• Upper Sorbian: howjaze mjaso — meat
• Spanish: carne de res — meat
• Spanish: carne de vaca — meat
• Spanish: carne bovina — meat
• Spanish: rotí — meat
• Spanish: matagón — meat
• Swahili: nyama ya ng'ombe — meat
• Swedish: nötkött — meat
• Tagalog: karneng baka — meat
• Thai: เนื้อวัว (nʉ́ʉa-wuua) — meat
• Thai: เนื้อ (nʉ́ʉa) — meat
• Turkish: sığır eti — meat
• Turkish: dana eti — meat
• Ukrainian: я́ловичина (jálovyčyna) — meat
• Urdu: گوشت — meat
• Uyghur: كالا گۆشى (kala göshi) — meat
• Vietnamese: thịt bò — meat
• Volapük: bubamit — meat
• Walloon: boû — meat
• Welsh: cig eidion — meat
• Welsh: bîff — meat
• Woiwurrung: bulanga — meat
• Yiddish: רינדפֿלייש (rindfleysh) — meat
• Zhuang: laeblaz — meat
• Chinese Mandarin: 牢騷 /牢骚 (láosāo) — grudge; dislike
• Dutch: afkeer (nl) — grudge; dislike
• Dutch: heftige ergernis — grudge; dislike
• German: Groll — grudge; dislike
• German: heftige Verärgerung — grudge; dislike
• German: Rochus — grudge; dislike
• German: Widerwillen — grudge; dislike
• German: Beschwerde — grudge; dislike
• Polish: kosa — grudge; dislike
• Spanish: animosidad — grudge; dislike
• Spanish: aversión — grudge; dislike
• Spanish: bronca — grudge; dislike
• Spanish: contienda — grudge; dislike
• Spanish: discordia — grudge; dislike
• Spanish: disputa — grudge; dislike
• Spanish: enemistad — grudge; dislike
• Spanish: hostilidad — grudge; dislike
• Spanish: rencor — grudge; dislike
• Spanish: resentimiento — grudge; dislike