Standard Lemma guide

befoul

verb · 5 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /bɪˈfaʊl/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -aʊl

1

verb

Meaning 1

To make foul; to soil; to contaminate, pollute.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: literally

Examples

  • 1897, Robert Gwynneddon Davies (translator), The Sleeping Bard by Ellis Wynne, London: Simplkon, Marshall & Co., Part I, At last, what with a round of blasphemy, and the whole crowd with clay pistols belching smoke and fire and slander of their neighbours, and the floor already befouled with dregs and spittle, I feared lest viler deeds should happen, and craved to depart.
  • 1997, Ted Hughes, Tales from Ovid, “Echo and Narcissus” in Paul Keegan (ed.), Ted Hughes: Collected Poems, New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2003, p. 919, There was a pool of perfect water. [...] No cattle Had slobbered their muzzles in it And befouled it.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: befile, befilth, foul, assoil, beclart, bedaub, bedirty, imbrue (especially with blood), bedizen, befoul, begrime, beray, beshit, besmear, besmirch, besully, bewray, blacken, blot, blur, clat, contaminate, darken, defile, dirten, dirty, elt, file, foil, gunk, gunk up, inquinate, scunge, sling mud, slotter, slur, smear, smirch, smudge, smut, smutch, soil, soss, sowl, spot, stain, sullow, sully, tarnish, uggle

Antonyms: none provided

2

verb

Meaning 2

To make foul; to soil; to contaminate, pollute.

To defecate on, to soil with excrement.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: literally, specifically

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: befile, befilth, foul, assoil, beclart, bedaub, bedirty, imbrue (especially with blood), bedizen, befoul, begrime, beray, beshit, besmear, besmirch, besully, bewray, blacken, blot, blur, clat, contaminate, darken, defile, dirten, dirty, elt, file, foil, gunk, gunk up, inquinate, scunge, sling mud, slotter, slur, smear, smirch, smudge, smut, smutch, soil, soss, sowl, spot, stain, sullow, sully, tarnish, uggle, shit on

Antonyms: none provided

3

verb

Meaning 3

To stain or mar (e.g., with infamy or disgrace).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: figuratively

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: besmirch, sully, tarnish, assassinate, asperse, backbite, badmouth, befoul, belibel, besmear, bewray, blacken, blame, blaze, blemish, blot, blur, calumniate, calumny, chat shit, chat shite, cloud, defame, demonize, denigrate, deprave, depreciate, detract, dirty, discredit, disgrace, disparage, disrepute, diss, drag through the mud, forgab, forspeak, foul, infamize, lampoon, libel, malign, monsterize, muddy, reproach, revile, scandal, shit-talk, slag, slander, smear, smirch, spatter, spot, speak ill of, stab, stain, talk shit, talk shite, talk trash, torch, traduce, trash-talk, unflatter, vilify, vilipend, villainize, wrong

Antonyms: none provided

4

verb

Meaning 4

To entangle or run against so as to impede motion.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: figuratively

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: enmesh, foul, snarl, ensnare, ensnarl, entangle, implicate, imply, involve, mat, ravel, tangle

Antonyms: none provided

5

verb

Meaning 5

spot, stain, or pollute

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • The townspeople defiled the river by emptying raw sewage into it

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: foul, defile, maculate

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: dishonor, disgrace, dishonour, attaint, shame

History

Etymology

From be- + foul.

Across languages

Translations

18 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Bulgarian: замърсявам (zamǎrsjavam) — to make foul, to soil
  • Chinese Mandarin: 弄脏 (nòngzāng) — to make foul, to soil
  • Dutch: verzieken — to make foul, to soil
  • Dutch: bevuilen — to make foul, to soil
  • Dutch: bezoedelen — to make foul, to soil
  • German: verderben — to make foul, to soil
  • Korean: 더럽히다 (deoreophida) — to make foul, to soil
  • Latin: inquinō — to make foul, to soil
  • Polish: brudzić — to make foul, to soil
  • Polish: ubrudzić — to make foul, to soil
  • Polish: kalać — to make foul, to soil
  • Polish: skalać — to make foul, to soil
  • Portuguese: conspurcar — to make foul, to soil
  • Russian: загрязнять (zagrjaznjatʹ) — to make foul, to soil
  • Ottoman Turkish: كیرلمك (kirlemek) — to make foul, to soil
  • Ottoman Turkish: پیسلمك (pislemek) — to make foul, to soil
  • Ottoman Turkish: مردارلامق (murdarlamak) — to make foul, to soil
  • Ottoman Turkish: بوقلامق (boklamak) — to make foul, to soil