bold

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• Received-Pronunciation: /ˈbəʊld/
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• Received-Pronunciation: [ˈbɒʊɫd]
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• /ˈbɒld/ doll–dole merger
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• Canada, General-American: /boʊld/
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• US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• New-Zealand: /baʉld/
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• New-Zealand: [bɒʊ(ɫ)d]
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• Scotland: /bold/
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• Scotland: [boɫd]
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• Wales: /bould/ without the toe–tow merger
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• Wales: [bouɫd] without the toe–tow merger
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• rhymes with -əʊld
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• homophone: bowled
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• CMU ARPABET: B OW1 L D Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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From Middle English bold, bolde, bald, beald, from Old English bald, beald (“bold, brave, confident, strong, of good courage, presumptuous, impudent”), from Proto-West Germanic *balþ, from Proto-Germanic *balþaz (“strong, bold”), from Proto-Indo-European *bhel-, *bhlē- (“to bloat, swell, bubble”). Cognate with Dutch boud (“bold, courageous, fearless”), Middle High German balt (“bold”) (whence German bald (“soon”)), Swedish båld (“bold, dauntless”). Perhaps related to Albanian ballë (“forehead”) and Old Prussian balo (“forehead”). Compare typologically Italian affrontare (“to face, to deal with”), sfrontato (“bold, daring, insolent”), both from Latin frons (“forehead”).

* As an English surname, from the adjective bold (“daring courageous”) or the noun bold (“dwelling, house”). * As a Swedish and German surname, related to the adjective above, such as in Baldwin and Reinbold.

From Middle English bold, from Old English bold, blod, bolt, botl (“house, dwelling-place, mansion, hall, castle, temple”), from Proto-Germanic *budlą, *buþlą (“house, dwelling”), from Proto-Indo-European *bhew- (“to grow, wax, swell”) or *bhuH-. Cognate with Old Frisian bold (“house”) (whence North Frisian bol, boel, bøl (“house”)), North Frisian bodel, budel (“property, inheritance”), Middle Low German būdel (“property, real estate”). Related to build.

From Middle English bolden, balden, from Old English baldian, bealdian, from Proto-Germanic *balþōną, related to *balþaz (see above). Cognate with Old High German irbaldōn (“to become bold, dare”).

166 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Amharic: ደፋር (däfar) — courageous, daring
• Arabic: جَرِيء (jarīʔ) — courageous, daring
• Arabic: جَسُور (jasūr) — courageous, daring
• Arabic: جسور (gasūr) — courageous, daring
• Armenian: քաջ (kʻaǰ) — courageous, daring
• Armenian: խիզախ (xizax) — courageous, daring
• Armenian: հանդուգն (handugn) — courageous, daring
• Assamese: সাহসী (xahoxi) — courageous, daring
• Bashkir: ҡыйыу (qıyıw) — courageous, daring
• Bashkir: баҙнатсыл (baźnatsıl) — courageous, daring
• Bengali: সাহসী (śahośi) — courageous, daring
• Bulgarian: смел (smel) — courageous, daring
• Bulgarian: хра́бър (hrábǎr) — courageous, daring
• Catalan: agosarat — courageous, daring
• Cherokee: ᏍᎦᏎᏅ (sgasenv) — courageous, daring
• Chinese Mandarin: 膽大 /胆大 (dǎndà) — courageous, daring
• Chinese Mandarin: 勇敢 (yǒnggǎn) — courageous, daring
• Czech: odvážný — courageous, daring
• Czech: smělý — courageous, daring
• Czech: troufalý — courageous, daring
• Danish: modig — courageous, daring
• Danish: tapper — courageous, daring
• Dutch: moedig — courageous, daring
• Esperanto: aŭdaca — courageous, daring
• Estonian: julge — courageous, daring
• Estonian: vahva — courageous, daring
• Estonian: vapper — courageous, daring
• Finnish: arastelematon — courageous, daring
• Finnish: arkailematon — courageous, daring
• Finnish: karski — courageous, daring
• Finnish: rohkea — courageous, daring
• Finnish: röyhkeä — courageous, daring
• Finnish: selväpiirteinen — courageous, daring
• Finnish: suorasukainen — courageous, daring
• Finnish: urhoollinen — courageous, daring
• Finnish: uskalias — courageous, daring
• Finnish: voimakas — courageous, daring
• French: hardi — courageous, daring
• French: effronté — courageous, daring
• Galician: atufado — courageous, daring
• Galician: afouto — courageous, daring
• Galician: arriscado — courageous, daring
• Georgian: გამბედავი (gambedavi) — courageous, daring
• Georgian: გულადი (guladi) — courageous, daring
• Georgian: გაბედული (gabeduli) — courageous, daring
• German: mutig — courageous, daring
• German: wagemutig — courageous, daring
• German: tapfer — courageous, daring
• German: kühn — courageous, daring
• Greek: τολμηρός (tolmirós) — courageous, daring
• Greek: θαρραλέος (tharraléos) — courageous, daring
• Ancient Greek: τολμηρός (tolmērós) — courageous, daring
• Ancient Greek: θαρσαλέος (tharsaléos) — courageous, daring
• Ancient Greek: τολμήεις (tolmḗeis) — courageous, daring
• Hebrew: אמיץ (amíts) — courageous, daring
• Hebrew: אמיצה (amitsá) — courageous, daring
• Hindi: साहसी (sāhsī) — courageous, daring
• Hindi: निडर (niḍar) — courageous, daring
• Hungarian: bátor — courageous, daring
• Hungarian: merész — courageous, daring
• Ido: brava — courageous, daring
• Ido: proda — courageous, daring
• Ido: kuraja — courageous, daring
• Ido: kurajoza — courageous, daring
• Ido: kurajema — courageous, daring
• Irish: dána — courageous, daring
• Irish: forránach — courageous, daring
• Italian: sfrontato — courageous, daring
• Italian: ardito — courageous, daring
• Italian: audace — courageous, daring
• Italian: coraggioso — courageous, daring
• Italian: baldo — courageous, daring
• Japanese: 勇敢な (yūkan na) — courageous, daring
• Japanese: 大胆な (daitan na) — courageous, daring
• Latin: audens — courageous, daring
• Latin: audax — courageous, daring
• Macedonian: хра́бар (hrábar) — courageous, daring
• Macedonian: смел (smel) — courageous, daring
• Mongolian: зоримог (zorimog) — courageous, daring
• Norwegian: modig — courageous, daring
• Old English: beald — courageous, daring
• Old Norse: snarr — courageous, daring
• Persian: جسور (jasur) — courageous, daring
• Persian: جسورانه (jasurâne) — courageous, daring
• Plautdietsch: driest — courageous, daring
• Polish: odważny — courageous, daring
• Polish: śmiały — courageous, daring
• Portuguese: corajoso — courageous, daring
• Portuguese: bravo — courageous, daring
• Portuguese: audacioso — courageous, daring
• Romanian: temerar — courageous, daring
• Russian: сме́лый (smélyj) — courageous, daring
• Russian: хра́брый (xrábryj) — courageous, daring
• Russian: отва́жный (otvážnyj) — courageous, daring
• Russian: реши́тельный (rešítelʹnyj) — courageous, daring
• Scots: bauld — courageous, daring
• Scottish Gaelic: dàna — courageous, daring
• Serbo-Croatian: одважан — courageous, daring
• Serbo-Croatian: храбар — courageous, daring
• Serbo-Croatian: odvažan — courageous, daring
• Serbo-Croatian: hrabar — courageous, daring
• Slovak: smelý — courageous, daring
• Slovak: odvážny — courageous, daring
• Slovak: opovážlivý — courageous, daring
• Slovak: trúfalý — courageous, daring
• Somali: geesi — courageous, daring
• Spanish: denodado — courageous, daring
• Swedish: modig — courageous, daring
• Swedish: djärv — courageous, daring
• Turkish: cesur — courageous, daring
• Ottoman Turkish: جسور (cesur) — courageous, daring
• Vietnamese: dũng cảm — courageous, daring
• Vietnamese: can đảm — courageous, daring
• Vietnamese: gan dạ — courageous, daring
• Yiddish: מוטיק (mutik) — courageous, daring
• Yiddish: דרייסט (dreyst) — courageous, daring
• Armenian: թավ (tʻav) — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Bashkir: ҡалын (qalın) — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Bulgarian: че́рен (čéren) — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Bulgarian: получе́рен (polučéren) — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Catalan: negreta — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Catalan: gras — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Chinese Mandarin: 粗體的 /粗体的 (cūtǐ de) — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Czech: polotučný — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Czech: tučný — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Czech: zvýrazněný — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Danish: fed — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Dutch: vet — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Dutch: vetgedrukt — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Esperanto: grasa — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Estonian: paks — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Finnish: lihavoitu — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Finnish: lihava — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• French: gras — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• German: fett — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Hungarian: félkövér — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Ido: grasa — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Ingrian: paksu — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Italian: grassetto — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Japanese: 太字の (futoji no) — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Japanese: ボールド体の (bōrudo-tai no) — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Japanese: ボールド (bōrudo) — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Macedonian: заде́белен (zadébelen) — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Māori: taikaha — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Māori: taekaha — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Māori: miramira — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Norwegian Bokmål: fet — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Persian: پررنگ (porrang) — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Persian: ضخیم (zaxim) — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Polish: tłusty — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Polish: pogrubiony — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Polish: wytłuszczony — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Portuguese: negrito — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Romanian: gras — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Romanian: aldin — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Russian: жи́рный (žírnyj) — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Russian: полужи́рный (polužírnyj) — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Scottish Gaelic: trom — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Serbo-Croatian: podebljan — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Spanish: negrita — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Spanish: negrilla — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Spanish: egipcia — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Swedish: fet — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Swedish: fetstilt — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Swedish: fetstil — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface
• Turkish: kalın — having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface