Standard Lemma guide

bough

name · noun · 4 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ˈbaʊ̯/
  • [ˈbaʊ̯]
  • Received-Pronunciation: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • General-American: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • /ˈbæʊ̯/ Southern US, African-American Vernacular, Midland US, Mid-Atlantic US, New York City, Australian, New Zealand
  • [ˈbæʊ̯] Southern US, African-American Vernacular, Midland US, Mid-Atlantic US, New York City, Australian, New Zealand
  • rhymes with -aʊ
  • homophone: bao
  • homophone: bow (to bend oneself as a gesture of respect or deference)
  • CMU ARPABET: B AW1 Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

name

Meaning 1

A surname.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

A tree-branch, usually a primary one directly attached to the trunk.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Examples

  • When the bough breaks, the cradle will fall. (Rock-a-bye Baby)

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

A gallows.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: figuratively, obsolete, poetic

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

any of the larger branches of a tree

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: limb, tree branch

History

Etymology

PIE word *bheh2ǵhús From Middle English bough (“branch of a bush or tree, especially a main branch; limb of an animal or person; something resembling a branch (such as a plant root or branch of a nerve); (figuratively) Christian cross; descendant, offspring”) [and other forms], from Old English bōg, bōh (“tree bough or branch; arm; shoulder”), from Proto-West Germanic *bōgu, from Proto-Germanic *bōguz (“shoulder; upper arm”), from Proto-Indo-European *bheh2ǵhús (“arm”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Bouch, West Frisian boech, Dutch boeg, German Low German Boog, German Bug, Danish bov, Icelandic bógur, and distantly with Ancient Greek πῆχυς (pêkhus, “forearm, cubit, etc.”). Doublet of bow ("front of a ship, prow").

Across languages

Translations

101 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Albanian: degë — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Arabic: غُصْن (ḡuṣn) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Armenian: ճյուղ (čyuġ) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Armenian: ոստ (ost) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Old Armenian: ճիւղ (čiwł) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Old Armenian: կողր (kołr) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Old Armenian: ոստ (ost) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Belarusian: галіна́ (haliná) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Belarusian: галі́нка (halínka) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Belarusian: сук (suk) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Bulgarian: клон (klon) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Catalan: branca — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Chinese Mandarin: 樹枝 /树枝 (shùzhī) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Chinese Mandarin: 枝 (zhī) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Czech: větev — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Czech: větévka — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Danish: gren — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Dutch: tak — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Esperanto: branĉo — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Estonian: tüvik — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Faroese: grein — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Finnish: oksa — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Finnish: haara — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • French: branche — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Galician: galla — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Galician: póla — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Galician: rama — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Georgian: შტო (šṭo) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • German: Ast — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Greek: κλάδος (kládos) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Ancient Greek: ἀκρεμών (akremṓn) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Ancient Greek: κλάδος (kládos) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Ancient Greek: ὀρόδαμνος (oródamnos) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Hebrew: בַּד (bad) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Hindi: शाखा (śākhā) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Hindi: टहनी (ṭahnī) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Hindi: डाल (ḍāl) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Hindi: डाली (ḍālī) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Hungarian: ág — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Icelandic: grein — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Icelandic: trjágrein — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Ido: brancho — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Irish: géag — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Italian: ramo — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Japanese: 枝 (eda) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Japanese: 大枝 (ōeda) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Kazakh: сук (suk) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Korean: 가지 (gaji) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Kunigami: 枝 (yudā) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Latin: rāmus — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Latin: termes — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Macedonian: гранка (granka) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Māori: kūhā — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Māori: kūwhā — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Māori: rūhā — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Miyako: 枝 (yuda) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Navajo: atsʼáozʼaʼ — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Norwegian Bokmål: grein — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Norwegian Bokmål: gren — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: grein — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Occitan: branca — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Ojibwe: wadikwan — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Okinawan: 枝 — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Persian: شاخه (šâxe) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Polish: gałąź — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Polish: konar — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Portuguese: galhada — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Portuguese: galho — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Portuguese: ramo — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Romanian: creangă — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Romanian: cracă — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Russian: сук (suk) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Russian: ве́тка (vétka) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Russian: ветвь (vetvʹ) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Scottish Gaelic: faillean — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Scottish Gaelic: fiùran — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Scottish Gaelic: geug — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Scottish Gaelic: meanglan — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Scottish Gaelic: meur — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Scottish Gaelic: òganach — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Serbo-Croatian: гра́на — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Serbo-Croatian: grána — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Slovak: konár — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Slovak: vetva — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Slovene: veja — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Spanish: rama — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Swedish: gren — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Swedish: trädgren — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Turkish: dal — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Udi: чӏугъ (č̣uɣ) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Ukrainian: гі́лка (hílka) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Ukrainian: сук (suk) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Vietnamese: cành — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Vietnamese: ngành — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Vietnamese: nhánh — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Vilamovian: ost — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Welsh: cangen — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Welsh: gwialen — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Yaeyama: 枝 (yuda) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Yiddish: צווײַג (tsvayg) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree
  • Yonaguni: 枝 (duda) — firm (and often larger) branch of a tree