Standard Lemma guide

brood

adj · noun · verb · 19 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • Received-Pronunciation: /bɹuːd/
  • British, Southern, Standard: /bɹʉwd/
  • General-American: /bɹud/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • Australian, New-Zealand: /bɹʉːd/
  • Scotland: /bɾʉd/
  • Wales: /bɾɪʊd/
  • Northern-Ireland: /bɻʉd/
  • rhymes with -uːd
  • homophone: brewed (except Scotland, Wales)
  • CMU ARPABET: B R UW1 D Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

adj

Meaning 1

Kept or reared for breeding.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: not-comparable

Examples

  • brood ducks
  • a brood mare

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

The young of certain animals, especially a group of young birds or fowl hatched at one time by the same mother.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

The young of any egg-laying creature, especially if produced at the same time.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

The eggs and larvae of social insects such as bees, ants and some wasps, especially when gathered together in special brood chambers or combs within the colony.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

The children in one family; offspring.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

That which is bred or produced; breed; species.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

noun

Meaning 7

Parentage.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

8

noun

Meaning 8

Heavy waste in tin and copper ores.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: business, mining

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

9

noun

Meaning 9

A large number or crowd of people, animals, or objects.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

10

verb

Meaning 10

To keep an egg warm to make it hatch.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • In some species of birds, both the mother and father brood the eggs.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

11

verb

Meaning 11

To protect (something that is gradually maturing); to foster.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • Under the rock was a midshipman fish, brooding a mass of eggs.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

12

verb

Meaning 12

(typically with over, on or about) To dwell upon one's thoughts moodily and at length, mainly alone.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

Examples

  • He sat brooding over the upcoming battle, fearing the outcome.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

13

verb

Meaning 13

To be bred.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

14

noun

Meaning 14

the young of an animal cared for at one time

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: animal group

Narrower terms: clutch

15

verb

Meaning 15

sit on (eggs)

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • Birds brood
  • The female covers the eggs

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: hatch, cover, incubate

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: reproduce, procreate, multiply

16

verb

Meaning 16

think moodily or anxiously about something

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: dwell

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: worry, care

17

verb

Meaning 17

be in a huff; be silent or sullen

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: grizzle, stew

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: sulk, pout, brood

18

verb

Meaning 18

be in a huff and display one's displeasure

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • She is pouting because she didn't get what she wanted

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: sulk, pout

Antonyms: none provided

Narrower terms: grizzle, brood, stew

19

verb

Meaning 19

hang over, as of something threatening, dark, or menacing

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • The terrible vision brooded over her all day long

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: hover, loom, bulk large

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: hang

Narrower terms: overshadow, dominate, eclipse

History

Etymology

From Middle English brood, brod, from Old English brōd (“brood; foetus; breeding, hatching”), from Proto-Germanic *brōduz (“heat, breeding”), from Proto-Indo-European *bhreh1- (“breath, mist, vapour, steam”).

Across languages

Translations

153 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Galician: de cría — kept or reared for breeding
  • Russian: племенно́й (plemennój) — kept or reared for breeding
  • Russian: племенна́я (plemennája) — kept or reared for breeding
  • Russian: племенно́е (plemennóje) — kept or reared for breeding
  • Russian: племенны́е (plemennýje) — kept or reared for breeding
  • Bulgarian: котило (kotilo) — the young of certain animals
  • Czech: snůška — the young of certain animals
  • Danish: kuld — the young of certain animals
  • Dutch: gebroed — the young of certain animals
  • Dutch: legsel — the young of certain animals
  • Dutch: nageslacht — the young of certain animals
  • Dutch: nest — the young of certain animals
  • Finnish: pesue — the young of certain animals
  • Finnish: poikue — the young of certain animals
  • French: couvée — the young of certain animals
  • Galician: niñada — the young of certain animals
  • Galician: rolada — the young of certain animals
  • Greek: κλωσσόπουλο (klossópoulo) — the young of certain animals
  • Hungarian: fészekalja — the young of certain animals
  • Irish: ál — the young of certain animals
  • Irish: éillín — the young of certain animals
  • Italian: nidiata — the young of certain animals
  • Italian: prole — the young of certain animals
  • Latvian: vaisla — the young of certain animals
  • Macedonian: пи́ле (píle) — the young of certain animals
  • Māori: punipuni — the young of certain animals
  • Portuguese: ninhada — the young of certain animals
  • Romanian: puiet — the young of certain animals
  • Russian: вы́водок (vývodok) — the young of certain animals
  • Spanish: cría — the young of certain animals
  • Swedish: kull — the young of certain animals
  • Ukrainian: ви́водок (vývodok) — the young of certain animals
  • Bulgarian: люпило (ljupilo) — the young of any egg-laying creature
  • Czech: snůška — the young of any egg-laying creature
  • Dutch: broedsel — the young of any egg-laying creature
  • Finnish: pesue — the young of any egg-laying creature
  • Finnish: poikue — the young of any egg-laying creature
  • French: couvée — the young of any egg-laying creature
  • Galician: niñada — the young of any egg-laying creature
  • Hebrew: תְּטוּלָה (tetulá) — the young of any egg-laying creature
  • Irish: ál — the young of any egg-laying creature
  • Irish: éillín — the young of any egg-laying creature
  • Italian: nidiata — the young of any egg-laying creature
  • Italian: schiusa — the young of any egg-laying creature
  • Māori: kāwaiwai — the young of any egg-laying creature
  • Portuguese: ninhada — the young of any egg-laying creature
  • Russian: вы́водок (vývodok) — the young of any egg-laying creature
  • Spanish: nidada — the young of any egg-laying creature
  • Ukrainian: ви́водок (vývodok) — the young of any egg-laying creature
  • Albanian: bark — the children in one family
  • Czech: děti — the children in one family
  • Dutch: nageslacht — the children in one family
  • Dutch: maagschap — the children in one family
  • Dutch: sibbe — the children in one family
  • Finnish: katras — the children in one family
  • Finnish: pesue — the children in one family
  • French: marmaille — the children in one family
  • Galician: fruxe — the children in one family
  • Irish: ál — the children in one family
  • Italian: prole — the children in one family
  • Macedonian: по́томство (pótomstvo) — the children in one family
  • Portuguese: prole — the children in one family
  • Russian: пото́мство (potómstvo) — the children in one family
  • Spanish: prole — the children in one family
  • Swedish: barnaskara — the children in one family
  • Armenian: թուխս նստել (tʻuxs nstel) — to keep an egg warm
  • Old Armenian: թխեմ (tʻxem) — to keep an egg warm
  • Bulgarian: мътя (mǎtja) — to keep an egg warm
  • Catalan: covar — to keep an egg warm
  • Czech: vysedět — to keep an egg warm
  • Czech: sedět na vejcích — to keep an egg warm
  • Danish: ruge — to keep an egg warm
  • Dutch: broeden — to keep an egg warm
  • Dutch: uitbroeden — to keep an egg warm
  • Esperanto: kovi — to keep an egg warm
  • Finnish: hautoa — to keep an egg warm
  • French: couver — to keep an egg warm
  • Friulian: clucî — to keep an egg warm
  • Galician: chocar — to keep an egg warm
  • German: brüten — to keep an egg warm
  • Greek: κλωσσώ (klossó) — to keep an egg warm
  • Ancient Greek: πέσσω (péssō) — to keep an egg warm
  • Hebrew: דָּגַר (dagár) — to keep an egg warm
  • Hungarian: kotlik — to keep an egg warm
  • Hungarian: költ — to keep an egg warm
  • Ido: kovar — to keep an egg warm
  • Irish: gor — to keep an egg warm
  • Italian: covare — to keep an egg warm
  • Macedonian: квачи (kvači) — to keep an egg warm
  • Māori: awhi — to keep an egg warm
  • Māori: tāpapa — to keep an egg warm
  • Norwegian: ruge — to keep an egg warm
  • Portuguese: chocar — to keep an egg warm
  • Romanian: cloci — to keep an egg warm
  • Russian: выси́живать (vysíživatʹ) — to keep an egg warm
  • Scottish Gaelic: guir — to keep an egg warm
  • Slovak: sedieť — to keep an egg warm
  • Slovak: vysedieť — to keep an egg warm
  • Spanish: empollar — to keep an egg warm
  • Spanish: incubar — to keep an egg warm
  • Sundanese: sileungleum — to keep an egg warm
  • Swedish: ruva — to keep an egg warm
  • Ukrainian: виси́джувати (vysýdžuvaty) — to keep an egg warm
  • Ukrainian: ви́сидіти (výsydity) — to keep an egg warm
  • Venetan: coar — to keep an egg warm
  • Vietnamese: ấp — to keep an egg warm
  • Walloon: cover — to keep an egg warm
  • Welsh: gori — to keep an egg warm
  • Bulgarian: защитавам (zaštitavam) — to protect
  • Dutch: behoeden — to protect
  • Esperanto: kovi — to protect
  • Finnish: vartioida — to protect
  • French: couver — to protect
  • French: protéger — to protect
  • Galician: acubillar — to protect
  • Greenlandic: niviorpoq — to protect
  • Italian: allevare — to protect
  • Italian: tirare su — to protect
  • Scottish Gaelic: guir — to protect
  • Spanish: proteger — to protect
  • Swedish: ruva — to protect
  • Bulgarian: размислям се (razmisljam se) — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Catalan: encaparrar-se — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Czech: dumat — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Czech: přemítat — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Dutch: broeden — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Dutch: piekeren — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Finnish: hautoa — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • French: se morfondre — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • French: broyer du noir — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Friulian: clucî — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Galician: rumiar — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Galician: cismar — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Galician: incinir — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • German: brüten — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • German: grübeln — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Greek: αναλογίζομαι (analogízomai) — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Hungarian: kotlik — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Hungarian: rágódik — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Italian: covare — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Italian: rimuginare — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Italian: arrovellarsi — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Māori: whakapaeko — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Māori: whakapuke — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Māori: whakapupuke — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Māori: whēnakonako — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Māori: whēnako — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Portuguese: ruminar — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Portuguese: cismar — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Romanian: cloci — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Russian: размышля́ть (razmyšljátʹ) — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Swedish: ruva — to dwell upon moodily and at length
  • Welsh: pendroni — to dwell upon moodily and at length
Real reading context

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