Phrase guide

Brownian motion

noun · 3 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

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No pronunciation record was provided for this word.

1

noun

Meaning 1

Random motion of particles suspended in a fluid, arising from those particles being struck by individual molecules of the fluid.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Qualifier: statistical mechanics

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

A state of chaos or disarray.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, idiomatic, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

the random motion of small particles suspended in a gas or liquid

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: Brownian movement, pedesis

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: movement, motion

History

Etymology

Named after Scottish botanist Robert Brown (1773–1858), who investigated the movement of pollen suspended in water.

Across languages

Translations

19 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Arabic: حَرَكَة بَرَاوْنِيَّة (ḥaraka barawniyya) — random motion of particles suspended in a fluid
  • Armenian: բրոունյան շարժում (brounyan šaržum) — random motion of particles suspended in a fluid
  • Bulgarian: Брауново движение (Braunovo dviženie) — random motion of particles suspended in a fluid
  • Chinese Mandarin: 布朗運動 /布朗运动 (Bùlǎng yùndòng) — random motion of particles suspended in a fluid
  • Crimean Tatar: broun areketi — random motion of particles suspended in a fluid
  • Czech: Brownův pohyb — random motion of particles suspended in a fluid
  • Danish: brownsk bevægelse — random motion of particles suspended in a fluid
  • Finnish: Brownin liike — random motion of particles suspended in a fluid
  • French: mouvement brownien — random motion of particles suspended in a fluid
  • German: brownsche Bewegung — random motion of particles suspended in a fluid
  • Hindi: ब्राउनी गति (brāunī gati) — random motion of particles suspended in a fluid
  • Italian: moto browniano — random motion of particles suspended in a fluid
  • Japanese: ブラウン運動 (Buraun undō) — random motion of particles suspended in a fluid
  • Korean: 브라운 운동 (Beuraun undong) — random motion of particles suspended in a fluid
  • Portuguese: movimento browniano — random motion of particles suspended in a fluid
  • Russian: бро́уновское движе́ние (bróunovskoje dvižénije) — random motion of particles suspended in a fluid
  • Spanish: movimiento browniano — random motion of particles suspended in a fluid
  • Swedish: brownsk rörelse — random motion of particles suspended in a fluid
  • Ukrainian: бро́унівський рух (bróunivsʹkyj rux) — random motion of particles suspended in a fluid