Standard Lemma guide

bugbear

noun · verb · 6 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈbʌɡ.bɛə(ɹ)/
  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈbʌɡ.bɛː(ɹ)/
  • Received-Pronunciation: bŭg′-bâr
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • General-American: /ˈbʌɡ.bɛɚ/
  • General-American: bŭg′-bâr
  • General-American: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.

1

noun

Meaning 1

An ongoing problem; a recurring obstacle or adversity.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: pet peeve

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

A source of dread; resentment; or irritation.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: anathema, antipathy, bête noire

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

A generic creature, often described as a large goblin, meant to inspire fear in children.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: arts, fantasy, folklore, history, human-sciences, literature, media, publishing, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: bogeyman, bogey, bug-a-boo, bugaboo

Antonyms: none provided

4

verb

Meaning 4

To alarm with idle phantoms.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

an object of dread or apprehension--Ralph Waldo Emerson

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • Germany was always a bugbear for France
  • A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: hobgoblin

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: object

6

noun

Meaning 6

an imaginary monster used to frighten children

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: bogeyman, bugaboo, boogeyman, booger

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: monster

History

Etymology

From obsolete meaning of bug (“something terrifying”) + bear. See Middle English bugge, modern bogey.

Across languages

Translations

26 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Czech: černá můra — ongoing problem
  • Dutch: bête noire — ongoing problem
  • Finnish: kiusa — ongoing problem
  • Finnish: riesa — ongoing problem
  • Macedonian: ба́уч (báuč) — ongoing problem
  • Bulgarian: плашило (plašilo) — source of dread, resentment or irritation
  • Czech: strašák (v hlavě) — source of dread, resentment or irritation
  • Dutch: boeman — source of dread, resentment or irritation
  • Dutch: schrikbeeld — source of dread, resentment or irritation
  • Finnish: henkilökohtainen mörkö — source of dread, resentment or irritation
  • Macedonian: стра́шило (strášilo) — source of dread, resentment or irritation
  • Macedonian: ко́шмар (kóšmar) — source of dread, resentment or irritation
  • Macedonian: пла́шило (plášilo) — source of dread, resentment or irritation
  • Chinese Mandarin: 熊蜂 (xióngfēng) — imaginary creature
  • Czech: strašidlo — imaginary creature
  • Dutch: spookbeeld — imaginary creature
  • Finnish: menninkäinen — imaginary creature
  • Finnish: mörkö — imaginary creature
  • German: Schrat — imaginary creature
  • Greek: μπαμπούλας (bampoúlas) — imaginary creature
  • Ancient Greek: φόβητρον (phóbētron) — imaginary creature
  • Hungarian: mumus — imaginary creature
  • Italian: babau — imaginary creature
  • Macedonian: ба́уч (báuč) — imaginary creature
  • Macedonian: страши́лиште (strašílište) — imaginary creature
  • Tamil: பூச்சாண்டி (pūccāṇṭi) — imaginary creature