noun · verb · 20 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot
Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.
Sound
Pronunciation
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Etymology tree Old French caboce Anglo-Norman cabochebor. Middle English caboche English cabbage From Middle English caboche, cabage (“cabbage”; “a certain fish”), a borrowing from Anglo-Norman caboche (“head”), a northern variant of caboce, of uncertain origin. Some authorities derive it from Latin caput (“head”), others from ca- (said to be an expressive prefix) + boce (“hump; bump”) (whence English boss).
Unclear. Perhaps from Dutch *kabbassen, from Old French cabasser (“put into a basket”), from cabas. Alternatively, perhaps from an earlier word *carbage (“shred”), a potential variant of *garbage (“wheat straw”).
Across languages
Translations
254 source translations are retained for this English entry.
Arabic:
مَلْفُوف
(malfūf)
— specific cultivar
Arabic:
كُرُنْب
(kurunb)
— specific cultivar
Arabic:
كرنب
(kurumb)
— specific cultivar
Arabic:
مَلْفُوف
(malfūf)
— specific cultivar
Arabic:
كُرُنْب
(kurunb)
— specific cultivar
Arabic:
مكور
(mkawwar)
— specific cultivar
Arabic:
مَلْفُوف
(malfūf)
— specific cultivar
Arabic:
مَلْفُوف
(malfūf)
— specific cultivar
Basque:
aza
— specific cultivar
Central Bikol:
repolyo
— specific cultivar
Burmese:
ဂေါ်ဖီထုပ်
(gauhpihtup)
— specific cultivar
Chinese Cantonese:
椰菜
(je4 coi3)
— specific cultivar
Chinese:
лянхуабый
(lianhuabɨy)
— specific cultivar
Chinese:
高麗菜 /高丽菜
(ko-lê-chhài)
— specific cultivar
Chinese Mandarin:
捲心菜 /卷心菜
(juǎnxīncài)
— specific cultivar
Chinese Mandarin:
高麗菜 /高丽菜
(gāolícài)
— specific cultivar
Chinese Mandarin:
洋白菜
(yángbáicài)
— specific cultivar
Chinese Mandarin:
包心菜
(bāoxīncài)
— specific cultivar
Chinese Mandarin:
結球甘藍 /结球甘蓝
(jiéqiú gānlán)
— specific cultivar
Chinese Mandarin:
疙瘩白
(gēdabái)
— specific cultivar
Chinese Mandarin:
包菜
(bāocài)
— specific cultivar
Chinese Mandarin:
圓白菜 /圆白菜
(yuánbáicài)
— specific cultivar
Chinese Mandarin:
蓮花白 /莲花白
(liánhuābái)
— specific cultivar
Wu Chinese:
捲心菜 /卷心菜
(5cioe-shin1-tshe5)
— specific cultivar
Finnish:
keräkaali
— specific cultivar
Finnish:
kaali
— specific cultivar
Galician:
repolo
— specific cultivar
German:
Kopfkohl
— specific cultivar
Greek:
λάχανο
(láchano)
— specific cultivar
Hindi:
पत्ता गोभी
(pattā gobhī)
— specific cultivar
Hindi:
बंद गोभी
(band gobhī)
— specific cultivar
Ingrian:
keräkapusta
— specific cultivar
Italian:
cavolo cappuccio
— specific cultivar
Japanese:
キャベツ
(kyabetsu)
— specific cultivar
Kazakh:
орамжапырақ
(oramjapyraq)
— specific cultivar
Korean:
양배추
(yangbaechu)
— specific cultivar
Maltese:
kaboċċa
— specific cultivar
Māori:
kāpeti
— specific cultivar
Māori:
nīko
— specific cultivar
Norwegian Bokmål:
hodekål
— specific cultivar
Polish:
kapusta
— specific cultivar
Portuguese:
repolho
— specific cultivar
Russian:
коча́нная капу́ста
(kočánnaja kapústa)
— specific cultivar
Spanish:
repollo
— specific cultivar
Swedish:
huvudkål
— specific cultivar
Tagalog:
repolyo
— specific cultivar
Thai:
กะหล่ําปลี
(gà-làm-bplii)
— specific cultivar
Thai:
กะหล่ําใบ
— specific cultivar
Translingual:
Brassica oleracea var. capitata
— specific cultivar
Turkish:
başlahana
— specific cultivar
Ottoman Turkish:
لحنه
(lahana)
— specific cultivar
Urdu:
بَنْد گوبھی
(band gobhī)
— specific cultivar
Urdu:
پَتَّہ گوبھی
(patta gobhī)
— specific cultivar
Vietnamese:
cải bắp
— specific cultivar
Welsh:
bresych
— specific cultivar
Yoruba:
kábéèjì
— specific cultivar
Afrikaans:
kool
— any of various cultivars
Armenian:
կաղամբ
(kaġamb)
— any of various cultivars
Bashkir:
кәбеҫтә
(kəbeśtə)
— any of various cultivars
Belarusian:
капу́ста
(kapústa)
— any of various cultivars
Catalan:
col
— any of various cultivars
Chukchi:
юӈэв
(juṇėv)
— any of various cultivars
Chuvash:
купӑста
(kup̬ăsta)
— any of various cultivars
Crimean Tatar:
qapısta
— any of various cultivars
Danish:
kål
— any of various cultivars
Dutch:
kool
— any of various cultivars
Esperanto:
brasiko
— any of various cultivars
Estonian:
kapsas
— any of various cultivars
Faroese:
kál
— any of various cultivars
Finnish:
kaali
— any of various cultivars
Finnish:
vihanneskaali
— any of various cultivars
French:
chou
— any of various cultivars
Saterland Frisian:
Kool
— any of various cultivars
Galician:
col
— any of various cultivars
Galician:
verza
— any of various cultivars
Georgian:
კომბოსტო
(ḳombosṭo)
— any of various cultivars
German:
Kohl
— any of various cultivars
Central Franconian:
Kappes
— any of various cultivars
Greek:
κράμβη
(krámvi)
— any of various cultivars
Ancient Greek:
κράμβη
(krámbē)
— any of various cultivars
Haitian Creole:
chou
— any of various cultivars
Hungarian:
káposzta
— any of various cultivars
Icelandic:
kál
— any of various cultivars
Indonesian:
kubis
— any of various cultivars
Ingrian:
kapusta
— any of various cultivars
Italian:
cavolo
— any of various cultivars
Kashubian:
kapùsta
— any of various cultivars
Latin:
brassica
— any of various cultivars
Latvian:
kāposti
— any of various cultivars
Lithuanian:
kopūstas
— any of various cultivars
Low German:
Kool
— any of various cultivars
Malay:
kubis
— any of various cultivars
Māori:
nīko
— any of various cultivars
Māori:
kāpeti
— any of various cultivars
Norwegian Bokmål:
kål
— any of various cultivars
Old East Slavic:
капуста
(kapusta)
— any of various cultivars
Plautdietsch:
Komst
— any of various cultivars
Polabian:
kol
— any of various cultivars
Polish:
kapusta
— any of various cultivars
Portuguese:
couve
— any of various cultivars
Romanian:
varză
— any of various cultivars
Russian:
капу́ста
(kapústa)
— any of various cultivars
Scottish Gaelic:
càl
— any of various cultivars
Silesian:
kapusta
— any of various cultivars
Slovak:
kapusta
— any of various cultivars
Spanish:
col
— any of various cultivars
Spanish:
berza
— any of various cultivars
Swedish:
kål
— any of various cultivars
Tatar:
кәбестә
(käbestä)
— any of various cultivars
Tày:
phjắc cát
— any of various cultivars
Turkish:
lahana
— any of various cultivars
Ottoman Turkish:
لحنه
(lahana)
— any of various cultivars
Ukrainian:
капу́ста
(kapústa)
— any of various cultivars
Yiddish:
קרויט
(kroyt)
— any of various cultivars
Albanian:
lakër
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Southern Altai:
капуста
(kapusta)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Southern Altai:
кабыста
(kabïsta)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Western Apache:
itʼąąʼłibaahí
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Arabic:
مَلْفُوف
(malfūf)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Arabic:
كُرُنْب
(kurunb)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Arabic:
كرنب
(kurumb)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Arabic:
مَلْفُوف
(malfūf)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Arabic:
كُرُنْب
(kurunb)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Arabic:
مكور
(mkawwar)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Arabic:
مَلْفُوف
(malfūf)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Arabic:
مَلْفُوف
(malfūf)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Armenian:
կաղամբ
(kaġamb)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Bashkir:
кәбеҫтә
(kəbeśtə)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Belarusian:
капу́ста
(kapústa)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Central Bikol:
repolyo
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Bulgarian:
зе́ле
(zéle)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Cherokee:
ᏧᏆᏅᏕᎾ
(tsuquanvdena)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Cherokee:
ᏧᎦᎾᏕᎾ
(tsuganadena)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Chinese Mandarin:
捲心菜 /卷心菜
(juǎnxīncài)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Cornish:
kowlen
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Cornish:
kavach
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Czech:
zelí
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Danish:
kål
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Dutch:
kool
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Elfdalian:
ką̊l
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Esperanto:
brasiko
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Estonian:
kapsas
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Faroese:
kál
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Finnish:
kaali
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
French:
chou
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Galician:
verza
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Georgian:
კომბოსტო
(ḳombosṭo)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
German:
Kohl
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Central Franconian:
Kappes
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Greek:
λάχανο
(láchano)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Ancient Greek:
κράμβη
(krámbē)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Greenlandic:
qunguleq
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Haitian Creole:
chou
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Hawaiian:
kāpiki
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Hebrew:
כְּרוּב
(kruv)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Hindi:
गोभी
(gobhī)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Hindi:
पत्ता गोभी
(pattā gobhī)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Hindi:
बंद गोभी
(band gobhī)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Hindi:
कोबी
(kobī)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Hindi:
करमकल्ला
(karamkallā)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Hungarian:
káposzta
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Icelandic:
hvítkál
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Indonesian:
kubis
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Indonesian:
kol
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Irish:
cabáiste
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Irish:
cál
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Italian:
cavolo
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Japanese:
キャベツ
(kyabetsu)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Japanese:
甘藍
(kanran)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Japanese:
玉菜
(tamana)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Kannada:
ಎಲೆಕೋಸು
(elekōsu)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Khmer:
ស្ពៃ
(spɨy)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Korean:
양배추
(yangbaechu)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Latin:
brassica
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Luxembourgish:
Kabes
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Macedonian:
зелка
(zelka)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Malay:
kubis
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Malayalam:
കാബേജ്
(kābējŭ)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Malayalam:
മുട്ടക്കോസ്
(muṭṭakkōsŭ)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Maltese:
werqa tal-kaboċċa
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Māori:
nīko
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Māori:
kāpeti
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Miyako:
玉菜
(tamanā)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Navajo:
chʼil łighai
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Nepali:
गोभी
(gobhī)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Nepali:
बन्दगोभी
(bandagobhī)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Norman:
caboche
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Norwegian Bokmål:
kål
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Norwegian Nynorsk:
kål
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Okinawan:
玉菜
(tamanā)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Old English:
cāwel
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Oromo:
raafuu
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Pannonian Rusyn:
капуста
(kapusta)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Iranian Persian:
کَلَم
(kalam)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Plautdietsch:
Komst
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Polish:
kapusta
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Portuguese:
repolho
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Punjabi:
ਬੰਦ ਗੋਭੀ
(band gobhī)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Romanian:
varză
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Romansh:
giabus
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Russian:
капу́ста
(kapústa)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Sardinian:
càule
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Scottish Gaelic:
càl
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Serbo-Croatian:
ку̀пус
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Serbo-Croatian:
зе̑ље
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Serbo-Croatian:
kùpus
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Serbo-Croatian:
zȇlje
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Slovak:
kapusta
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Slovene:
zelje
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Lower Sorbian:
kał
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Spanish:
col
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Spanish:
repollo
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Spanish:
berza
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Swedish:
vitkål
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Tatar:
кәбестә
(käbestä)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Thai:
ใบกะหล่ํา
(bai gà-làm)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Turkish:
lahana
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Ottoman Turkish:
لحنه
(lahana)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Ukrainian:
капу́ста
(kapústa)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Urdu:
گوبھی
(gobhī)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Urdu:
بَنْد گوبھی
(band gobhī)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Urdu:
پَتَّہ گوبھی
(patta gobhī)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Urdu:
کَرَم کَلّا
(karam kallā)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Volapük:
brasid
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Welsh:
bresychen
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Welsh:
bresych
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Wolof:
suppome
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Yiddish:
קרויט
(kroyt)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Yoron:
甘藍
(kandan)
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Yoruba:
kábéèjì
— leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
Chinese Cantonese:
植物人
(zik6 mat6 jan4)
— person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage
Chinese Mandarin:
植物人
(zhíwùrén)
— person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage
Teochew:
植物人
(sêg4 muêh8 nang5)
— person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage
Dutch:
plant
— person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage
Finnish:
vihannes
— person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage
Greek:
φυτό
(fytó)
— person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage
Japanese:
植物人間
(shokubutsu ningen)
— person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage
Korean:
식물인간
(singmurin'gan)
— person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage
Polish:
warzywo
— person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage
Portuguese:
vegetal
— person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage
Romanian:
legumă
— person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage
Russian:
о́вощ
(óvošč)
— person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage
Spanish:
vegetal
— person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage
Swedish:
grönsak
— person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage
Tày:
phjắc cát
— person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage
Thai:
เป็นผัก
— person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage