Standard Lemma guide

calve

verb · 8 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • England, Wales: /kɑːv/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • General-American: /kæv/
  • Scotland: /kav/
  • rhymes with -ɑːv
  • rhymes with -æv
  • homophone: carve (some non-rhotic accents, e.g. Received Pronunciation)

1

verb

Meaning 1

To give birth to a calf.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

Examples

  • The farmer could tell Bessie was about to calve.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

verb

Meaning 2

To assist in a cow’s giving birth to a calf.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

Examples

  • The farmer calved Bessie for almost two hours.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

verb

Meaning 3

To give birth to (a calf).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

verb

Meaning 4

To shed a large piece.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: especially, figuratively, intransitive

Qualifier: a glacier; an ice sheet; a glacier; an ice sheet

Examples

  • The glacier was starting to calve even as we watched.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

verb

Meaning 5

To break off.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: especially, figuratively, intransitive

Examples

  • The sea was dangerous because of icebergs calving off the nearby glacier.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

verb

Meaning 6

To shed (a large piece); to set loose (a mass of ice).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: especially, figuratively, transitive

Qualifier: a glacier; an ice sheet; a glacier; an ice sheet

Examples

  • The glacier was starting to calve an iceberg even as we watched.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

verb

Meaning 7

birth

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • the whales calve at this time of year

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: have young

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: give birth, deliver, bear, birth, have

8

verb

Meaning 8

release ice

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • The icebergs and glaciers calve

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: break up

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: separate, divide, part

History

Etymology

From Middle English calven, from Old English *calfian, cealfian, from Proto-West Germanic *kalbōn, from Proto-Germanic *kalbōną (“to calve”), from *kalbaz (“calf”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian koolvje, Dutch kalven, German Low German kalven, German kalben, Swedish kalva, Icelandic kálfa.

Across languages

Translations

55 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Bulgarian: отелвам се (otelvam se) — to give birth to a calf
  • Catalan: vedellar — to give birth to a calf
  • Czech: otelit se — to give birth to a calf
  • Czech: telit se — to give birth to a calf
  • Danish: kælve — to give birth to a calf
  • Dutch: kalven — to give birth to a calf
  • Esperanto: naski bovidon — to give birth to a calf
  • Faroese: kálva — to give birth to a calf
  • Finnish: vasikoida — to give birth to a calf
  • Finnish: poikia — to give birth to a calf
  • French: vêler — to give birth to a calf
  • French: mettre bas — to give birth to a calf
  • German: kalben — to give birth to a calf
  • Ingrian: poikiissa — to give birth to a calf
  • Ingrian: poikia — to give birth to a calf
  • Ingrian: poikihua — to give birth to a calf
  • Ingrian: poikihussa — to give birth to a calf
  • Norwegian Bokmål: kalve — to give birth to a calf
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: kalva — to give birth to a calf
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: kalve — to give birth to a calf
  • Polish: cielić się — to give birth to a calf
  • Polish: ocielić się — to give birth to a calf
  • Russian: тели́ться (telítʹsja) — to give birth to a calf
  • Upper Sorbian: ćelić — to give birth to a calf
  • Upper Sorbian: woćelić so — to give birth to a calf
  • Upper Sorbian: ćelećić — to give birth to a calf
  • Swedish: kalva — to give birth to a calf
  • Tamil: கன்றுபோடு (kaṉṟupōṭu) — to give birth to a calf
  • Ottoman Turkish: بوغالامق (boğalamak) — to give birth to a calf
  • Ottoman Turkish: كوشكلمك (köşeklemek) — to give birth to a calf
  • Dutch: helpen met het kalven — to assist in a cow's giving birth to a calf
  • Finnish: vasikoida — to assist in a cow's giving birth to a calf
  • French: aider le vêlage — to assist in a cow's giving birth to a calf
  • Ottoman Turkish: بوغالامق (boğalamak) — to assist in a cow's giving birth to a calf
  • Dutch: ter wereld brengen — to give birth to (a calf)
  • French: mettre bas — to give birth to (a calf)
  • German: werfen — to give birth to (a calf)
  • Danish: kælve — to shed a large piece
  • Dutch: afkalven — to shed a large piece
  • Finnish: poikia — to shed a large piece
  • French: se fragmenter — to shed a large piece
  • French: se scinder — to shed a large piece
  • French: se morceler — to shed a large piece
  • French: se casser — to shed a large piece
  • French: se fractionner — to shed a large piece
  • French: se briser — to shed a large piece
  • German: kalben — to shed a large piece
  • Norwegian Bokmål: kalve — to shed a large piece
  • Danish: kælve — to break off
  • Dutch: loskomen — to break off
  • French: se détacher (de) — to break off
  • German: sich lösen — to break off
  • Danish: kælve — to shed, set loose (a mass of ice)
  • French: perdre — to shed, set loose (a mass of ice)
  • French: abandonner — to shed, set loose (a mass of ice)