Standard Lemma guide

capitalism

noun · 4 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈkapɪt(ə)lɪz(ə)m/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • Received-Pronunciation, dated: /kəˈpɪt(ə)lɪz(ə)m/
  • General-American: /ˈkæp.ə.təlˌɪzm̩/
  • General-American: /-ˌɪz.əm/
  • General-American: /ˌkæp.təl-/
  • CMU ARPABET: K AE1 P IH0 T AH0 L IH2 Z AH0 M Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

A socio-economic system based on private ownership of resources, and capital and their exploitation for profit.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: economics, government, politics, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

A socio-economic system based on private ownership of resources, and capital and their exploitation for profit.

An economic system based on private control of the means of production and the exploitation of labour by capital.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: Marxism, countable, uncountable

Topics: economics, government, politics, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

A socio-economic system based on private ownership of resources, and capital and their exploitation for profit.

An economic system based on private property and the abstraction of resources into the form of privately owned capital, with economic decisions made largely through the operation of a market unregulated by the state.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: economic-liberalism, economics, government, human-sciences, ideology, philosophy, politics, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

an economic system based on private ownership of capital

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: capitalist economy

Antonyms: socialism

Broader terms: market economy, free enterprise, private enterprise, laissez-faire economy

Narrower terms: venture capitalism

History

Etymology

Borrowed from French capitalisme (“the condition of one who is rich”); equivalent to capital + -ism. Derived from Proto-Indo-European *káput (“head”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kap-. First used in English by novelist William Thackeray in The Newcomes [1854-1855].

Across languages

Translations

114 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Afrikaans: kapitalisme — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Albanian: kapitalizëm — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Arabic: رَأْسْمَالِيَّة (raʔsmāliyya) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Armenian: կապիտալիզմ (kapitalizm) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Armenian: դրամատիրություն (dramatirutʻyun) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Assamese: পুঁজিবাদ (pũzibad) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Asturian: capitalismu — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Azerbaijani: kapitalizm — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Azerbaijani: sərmayəçilik — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Basque: kapitalismo — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Belarusian: капіталі́зм (kapitalízm) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Bengali: পুঁজিবাদ (pũjibad) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Breton: kapitalouriezh — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Bulgarian: капитали́зъм (kapitalízǎm) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Burmese: အရင်းရှင်ဝါဒ (a.rang:hrang-wada.) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Catalan: capitalisme — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Chinese Cantonese: 資本主義 /资本主义 (zi1 bun2 zyu2 ji3) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Chinese Mandarin: 資本主義 /资本主义 (zīběnzhǔyì) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Czech: kapitalismus — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Czech: kapitalizmus — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Danish: kapitalisme — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Dutch: kapitalisme — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Esperanto: kapitalismo — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Estonian: kapitalism — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Finnish: kapitalismi — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • French: capitalisme — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Galician: capitalismo — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Georgian: კაპიტალიზმი (ḳaṗiṭalizmi) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • German: Kapitalismus — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Greek: κεφαλαιοκρατία (kefalaiokratía) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Greek: καπιταλισμός (kapitalismós) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Hebrew: קָפִּיטָלִיזְם (kapitalízm) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Hebrew: הוֹנְתָנוּת (hontanut) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Hindi: पूंजीवाद (pūñjīvād) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Hungarian: kapitalizmus — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Icelandic: auðvaldsskipulag — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Icelandic: kapítalismi — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Ido: kapitalismo — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Indonesian: kapitalisme — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Irish: caipitleachas — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Irish: rachmasaíocht — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Italian: capitalismo — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Japanese: 資本主義 (shihonshugi) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Kashmiri: سَرمایہِ دٲری (sarmāyi-dạ̄rī) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Kazakh: капитализм (kapitalizm) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Khmer: មូលធននិយម (muulĕəʼthŭən niyum) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Khmer: លទ្ធិមូលធននិយម (latthiʼ muulĕəʼthŭən niyum) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Korean: 자본주의 (jabonjuui) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Northern Kurdish: kapîtalîzm — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Kyrgyz: капитализм (kapitalizm) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Lao: ທຶນນິຍົມ (thưn ni nyom) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Lao: ລັດທິນາຍທຶນ (lat thi nāi thưn) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Latin: capitālismus — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Latvian: kapitālisms — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Limburgish: kapitalisme — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Lithuanian: kapitalizmas — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Luxembourgish: Kapitalismus — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Macedonian: капитали́зам (kapitalízam) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Malay: faham kapitalis — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Malay: kapitalisme — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Malayalam: മുതലാളിത്തം (mutalāḷittaṁ) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Manx: bun-argidys — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Manx: capitlaghys — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Māori: angahaorawatanga — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Marathi: भांडवलशाही (bhāṇḍvalśāhī) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Mongolian: капитализм (kapitalizm) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Norwegian Bokmål: kapitalisme — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: kapitalisme — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Occitan: capitalisme — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Pashto: کاپيتاليزم (kāpitlízm) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Pashto: سرمايه داري (sarmāya dārí) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Pashto: پانګوالي (pāngwālí) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Iranian Persian: سَرْمایِهداری (sarmâye-dâri) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Iranian Persian: کَپیتالیسْم (kapitâlism) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Polish: kapitalizm — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Portuguese: capitalismo — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Romanian: capitalism — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Russian: капитали́зм (kapitalízm) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Scottish Gaelic: calpachas — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Serbo-Croatian: капиталѝзам — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Serbo-Croatian: kapitalìzam — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Sinhalese: ධනවාදය (dhanawādaya) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Slovak: kapitalizmus — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Slovene: kapitalizem — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Spanish: capitalismo — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Swahili: ubepari — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Swedish: kapitalism — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Tagalog: puhunanan — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Tajik: капитализм (kapitalizm) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Tajik: сармоядорӣ (sarmoyadori) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Telugu: పెట్టుబడిదారీ (peṭṭubaḍidārī) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Thai: (ลัทธิ~)ทุนนิยม (tun-ní-yom) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Thai: ลัทธินายทุน (lát-tí-naai-tun) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Tibetan: མ་རྩའི་རིང་ལུགས (ma rtsa'i ring lugs) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Turkish: kapitalizm — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Ottoman Turkish: سرمایهدارلق (sermâjedârlyq) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Ottoman Turkish: كاپیتالیزم (kapitalizm) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Turkmen: kapitalizm — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Ukrainian: капіталі́зм (kapitalízm) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Urdu: سَرْمایَہ داری (sarmāya dārī) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Urdu: سَرْمایَہ دارانَہ نِظام (sarmāya dārāna nizām) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Uyghur: كاپىتالىزم (kapitalizm) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Uzbek: kapitalizm — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Vietnamese: chủ nghĩa tư bản — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Volapük: katädim — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Welsh: cyfalafiaeth — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Yiddish: קאַפּיטאַליזם (kapitalizm) — socio-economic system based on private property rights
  • Afrikaans: kapitalisme — socio-economic system based on the abstraction of resources
  • Greek: κεφαλαιοκρατία (kefalaiokratía) — socio-economic system based on the abstraction of resources
  • Hindi: पूंजीवाद (pūñjīvād) — socio-economic system based on the abstraction of resources
  • Manx: bun-argidys — socio-economic system based on the abstraction of resources
  • Manx: capitlaghys — socio-economic system based on the abstraction of resources
  • Marathi: भांडवलशाही (bhāṇḍvalśāhī) — socio-economic system based on the abstraction of resources
  • Scottish Gaelic: calpachas — socio-economic system based on the abstraction of resources
Real reading context

capitalism in complete knowledge articles