Standard Lemma guide

circumstance

noun · verb · 9 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • New-Zealand, Received-Pronunciation: /ˈsɜːkəmst(ə)ns/
  • New-Zealand, Received-Pronunciation: /-ɑːns/
  • New-Zealand, Received-Pronunciation: /-æns/
  • General-American: /ˈsɝ.kəmˌstæns/
  • Australian, New-Zealand: /ˈsɜːkəmstæns/
  • Australian, New-Zealand: /-aːns/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • CMU ARPABET: S ER1 K AH0 M S T AE2 N S Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

Something which is related to, or in some way affects, a fact or event.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Examples

  • The report should focus on to the current circumstances of the organisation, to help us find a way to grow in the future.
  • She went missing in somewhat spooky circumstances.
  • A victim of circumstance.
  • She performed well under/in/given the circumstances.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

An event; a fact; a particular incident, occurrence, or condition (status).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

Evasive or indirect language; circumlocution.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: archaic, countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

Condition in regard to worldly estate; state of property; situation; surroundings.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Examples

  • She was born into comfortable circumstances.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

verb

Meaning 5

To place in a particular situation, especially with regard to money or other resources.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

information that should be kept in mind when making a decision

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • another consideration is the time it would take

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: condition, consideration

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: information

Narrower terms: justification, mitigating circumstance

7

noun

Meaning 7

formal ceremony about important occasions

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • pomp and circumstance

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: ceremony, ceremonial, ceremonial occasion, observance

8

noun

Meaning 8

a condition that accompanies or influences some event or activity

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: condition, status

Narrower terms: event, case, hinge, playing field

9

noun

Meaning 9

the set of facts or circumstances that surround a situation or event

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • the historical context

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: context, setting

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: environment

Narrower terms: conditions

History

Etymology

From Middle English circumstaunce, from Old French circonstance, from Latin circumstantia.

Across languages

Translations

138 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Albanian: rrethanë — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Arabic: حَالَة (ḥāla) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Arabic: ظَرْف (ẓarf) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Armenian: հանգամանք (hangamankʻ) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Armenian: պարագա (paraga) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Azerbaijani: hal — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Azerbaijani: vəziyyət — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Belarusian: акалі́чнасць (akalíčnascʹ) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Bengali: পরিস্থিতি (poristhiti) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Bengali: আওকাত (aōkat) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Bengali: হালত (halot) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Bulgarian: обстоя́телство (obstojátelstvo) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Burmese: အခြေအနေ (a.hkrea.ne) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Catalan: circumstància — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Chinese Mandarin: 情況 /情况 (qíngkuàng) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Chinese Mandarin: 狀態 /状态 (zhuàngtài) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Czech: okolnost — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Danish: omstændighed — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Dutch: omstandigheid — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Esperanto: cirkonstanco — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Estonian: asjaolu — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Finnish: olosuhteet — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Finnish: olot — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • French: circonstance — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Galician: circunstancia — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Georgian: გარემოება (garemoeba) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • German: Umstand — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Hebrew: נסיבות (nesibot) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Hindi: परिस्थिति (paristhiti) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Hungarian: körülmény — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Icelandic: kringumstæður — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Irish: toisc — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Italian: circostanza — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Japanese: 状況 (jōkyō) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Japanese: 事情 (jijō) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Kazakh: жағдай (jağdai) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Khmer: កាលៈទេសៈ (kaalaʼteisaʼ) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Korean: 상황 (sanghwang) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Kyrgyz: жагдай (jagday) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Lao: ກະລະນີ (ka la nī) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Lao: ສະຖານະ (sa thā na) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Latin: rēs — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Latvian: apstāklis — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Lithuanian: aplinkybė — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Macedonian: околност (okolnost) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Malay: keadaan — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Māori: tūāhuatanga — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Mongolian: нөхцөл байдал (nöxcöl bajdal) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Mongolian: ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ (nöküčel bayidal) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Norwegian Bokmål: omstendighet — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: omstende — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Old English: ymbstandennes — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Persian: حال (hâl) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Persian: حالات (hâlât) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Persian: وضعیت (vaz'iyyat) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Persian: شرایط (šarâyet) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Plautdietsch: Veheltniss — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Polish: okoliczność — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Portuguese: circunstância — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Romanian: circumstanță — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Romanian: împrejurare — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Russian: обстоя́тельство (obstojátelʹstvo) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Russian: усло́вие (uslóvije) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Russian: ситуа́ция (situácija) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Russian: положе́ние (položénije) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Scottish Gaelic: cor — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Serbo-Croatian: околност — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Serbo-Croatian: okolnost — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Slovak: okolnosť — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Slovene: okoliščina — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Spanish: circunstancia — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Spanish: tesitura — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Spanish: arrequives — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Swedish: omständighet — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Tajik: ҳолат (holat) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Tajik: вазъият (vaz'iyat) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Tajik: шароит (šaroyit) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Tajik: ҷиҳат (jihat) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Thai: กรณี (gɔɔ-rá-nii) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Thai: สถานการณ์ (sà-tǎa-ná-gaan) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Tigrinya: ኩነት (kunät) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Turkish: durum — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Turkish: hâl — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Ukrainian: обста́вина (obstávyna) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Urdu: حال (hāl) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Urdu: حالات (hālāt) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Uyghur: ھالەت (halet) — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Uzbek: jihat — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Uzbek: hol — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Uzbek: vaziyat — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Uzbek: tomon — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Uzbek: holat — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Vietnamese: hoàn cảnh — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Welsh: amgylchiad — that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event
  • Armenian: դեպք (depkʻ) — event; fact; particular incident
  • Chinese Mandarin: 事件 (shìjiàn) — event; fact; particular incident
  • Dutch: omstandigheid — event; fact; particular incident
  • Finnish: yhteensattuma — event; fact; particular incident
  • German: Umstand — event; fact; particular incident
  • Hindi: प्रसंग (prasaṅg) — event; fact; particular incident
  • Italian: dettaglio — event; fact; particular incident
  • Italian: caso — event; fact; particular incident
  • Japanese: 事件 (jiken) — event; fact; particular incident
  • Korean: 사건 (sageon) — event; fact; particular incident
  • Latin: tempus — event; fact; particular incident
  • Māori: tūāhuatanga — event; fact; particular incident
  • Portuguese: circunstância — event; fact; particular incident
  • Romanian: împrejurare — event; fact; particular incident
  • Russian: обстоя́тельство (obstojátelʹstvo) — event; fact; particular incident
  • Russian: слу́чай (slúčaj) — event; fact; particular incident
  • Spanish: circunstancia — event; fact; particular incident
  • Thai: สถานการณ์ (sà-tǎa-ná-gaan) — event; fact; particular incident
  • Ukrainian: обста́вина (obstávyna) — event; fact; particular incident
  • Ukrainian: ви́падок (výpadok) — event; fact; particular incident
  • Armenian: մանրամասնություն (manramasnutʻyun) — circumlocution; detail
  • Armenian: պարագա (paraga) — circumlocution; detail
  • Bulgarian: подро́бност (podróbnost) — circumlocution; detail
  • Chinese Mandarin: 詳情 /详情 (xiángqíng) — circumlocution; detail
  • Chinese Mandarin: 細節 /细节 (xìjié) — circumlocution; detail
  • Danish: detalje — circumlocution; detail
  • Danish: omstændelighed — circumlocution; detail
  • Finnish: seikka — circumlocution; detail
  • Finnish: asianhaara — circumlocution; detail
  • Finnish: yksityiskohta — circumlocution; detail
  • Italian: circonlocuzione — circumlocution; detail
  • Portuguese: circunstância — circumlocution; detail
  • Russian: дета́ль (detálʹ) — circumlocution; detail
  • Russian: подро́бность (podróbnostʹ) — circumlocution; detail
  • Russian: ча́стность (částnostʹ) — circumlocution; detail
  • Ukrainian: дета́ль (detálʹ) — circumlocution; detail
  • Ukrainian: подро́биця (podróbycja) — circumlocution; detail
  • Bulgarian: материа́лно положе́ние (materiálno položénie) — condition in regard to worldly estate
  • Danish: kår — condition in regard to worldly estate
  • Finnish: varallisuus — condition in regard to worldly estate
  • Finnish: varat — condition in regard to worldly estate
  • Italian: situazione — condition in regard to worldly estate
  • Portuguese: circunstância — condition in regard to worldly estate
  • Russian: материа́льное положе́ние (materiálʹnoje položénije) — condition in regard to worldly estate