Phrase guide

civil action

noun · 3 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

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1

noun

Meaning 1

In the United States, a lawsuit between private parties, including an action by a private person against a government entity, which will be treated as a private party by the court.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: law

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

In Roman Dutch law, a lawsuit that is not criminal in nature. It may be between the state and a private party. It is usually based in contract, or delict (tort).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: law

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

legal action to protect a private civil right or to compel a civil remedy (as distinguished from criminal prosecution)

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: legal action, action, action at law

History

Etymology

No etymology was provided for this word.