Standard Lemma guide

civilian

adj · noun · 9 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /sɪˈvɪl.jən/
  • [sɪˈvɪl.jn̩]
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • CMU ARPABET: S AH0 V IH1 L Y AH0 N Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

adj

Meaning 1

Not related to the military, police or other governmental professions.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: not-comparable

Examples

  • The three detainees were actually army defectors wearing civilian clothing.
  • He worked as a civilian journalist for ten years before being employed by the public broadcaster.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

A person following the pursuits of civil life, especially one who is not an active member of the armed forces.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Examples

  • Three civilians were apprehended by the soldiers and taken away in a military vehicle.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

A person who does not belong to a particular group or engage in a particular activity, an outsider.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: informal

Examples

  • The bathroom was for employees only, so civilians weren't allowed to use it.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

One skilled in civil law.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

A student of civil law at a university or college.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

A person not affiliated with a gang.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: slang

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

noun

Meaning 7

An employee of the civil service.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: Indian-English

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

8

adjective

Meaning 8

associated with civil life or performed by persons who are not active members of the military

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • civilian clothing
  • civilian life

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: military

9

noun

Meaning 9

a nonmilitary citizen

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: serviceman

Broader terms: citizen

History

Etymology

From Middle English cyvylien, from Old French civilien. Equivalent to civil + -ian.

Across languages

Translations

153 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Albanian: civil — not related to the military armed forces
  • Arabic: مَدَنِيّ (madaniyy) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Armenian: քաղաքացիական (kʻaġakʻacʻiakan) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Belarusian: цыві́льны (cyvílʹny) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Bulgarian: циви́лен (civílen) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Bulgarian: гра́ждански (gráždanski) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Burmese: အရပ် (a.rap) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Catalan: civil — not related to the military armed forces
  • Czech: civilní — not related to the military armed forces
  • Danish: civil — not related to the military armed forces
  • Dutch: burger- — not related to the military armed forces
  • Dutch: civiel — not related to the military armed forces
  • Estonian: tsiviil- — not related to the military armed forces
  • Finnish: siviili- — not related to the military armed forces
  • French: civil — not related to the military armed forces
  • Friulian: civîl — not related to the military armed forces
  • Georgian: სამოქალაქო (samokalako) — not related to the military armed forces
  • German: zivil — not related to the military armed forces
  • Hebrew: אֶזְרָחִי (ezrakhí) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Hindi: नागरिक (nāgrik) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Hindi: सिविल (sivil) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Hungarian: civil — not related to the military armed forces
  • Hungarian: polgári — not related to the military armed forces
  • Icelandic: borgaralegur — not related to the military armed forces
  • Italian: civile — not related to the military armed forces
  • Japanese: 民間 (minkan no) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Japanese: 市民の (shimin no) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Kashmiri: سِوَل (sival) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Kazakh: жай (jai) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Khmer: ស៊ីវិល — not related to the military armed forces
  • Korean: 민간의 (min'ganui) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Latvian: civils — not related to the military armed forces
  • Lithuanian: civilinis — not related to the military armed forces
  • Macedonian: цивилен (civilen) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Norwegian Bokmål: sivil — not related to the military armed forces
  • Persian: مدنی (madani) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Persian: غیرنظامی (ġeyrenezâmi) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Polish: cywilny — not related to the military armed forces
  • Portuguese: civil — not related to the military armed forces
  • Romanian: civil — not related to the military armed forces
  • Russian: гражда́нский (graždánskij) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Russian: циви́льный (civílʹnyj) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Russian: шта́тский (štátskij) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Scottish Gaelic: sìobhalta — not related to the military armed forces
  • Serbo-Croatian: цѝвӣлнӣ — not related to the military armed forces
  • Serbo-Croatian: cìvīlnī — not related to the military armed forces
  • Slovak: civilný — not related to the military armed forces
  • Slovene: civilen — not related to the military armed forces
  • Spanish: civil — not related to the military armed forces
  • Swedish: civil — not related to the military armed forces
  • Tajik: ғайринизомӣ (ġayrinizomi) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Tajik: ғайриҳарбӣ (ġayriharbi) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Tajik: гражданӣ (graždani) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Turkish: sivil — not related to the military armed forces
  • Ukrainian: циві́льний (cyvílʹnyj) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Ukrainian: шта́тський (štátsʹkyj) — not related to the military armed forces
  • Albanian: civil — non-military person
  • Arabic: مَدَنِيّ (madaniyy) — non-military person
  • Arabic: مَدَنِيَّة (madaniyya) — non-military person
  • Azerbaijani: dinc sakin — non-military person
  • Belarusian: цыві́льны чалаве́к (cyvílʹny čalavjék) — non-military person
  • Belarusian: цыві́льная асо́ба (cyvílʹnaja asóba) — non-military person
  • Bulgarian: циви́лен (civílen) — non-military person
  • Bulgarian: циви́лно лице́ (civílno licé) — non-military person
  • Bulgarian: гражданско лице (gráždansko lice) — non-military person
  • Bulgarian: мирен жител (miren žitel) — non-military person
  • Bulgarian: мирна жителка (mirna žitelka) — non-military person
  • Burmese: အရပ်သား (a.rapsa:) — non-military person
  • Catalan: paisà — non-military person
  • Chinese Cantonese: 平民 (ping4 man4) — non-military person
  • Chinese Mandarin: 平民 (píngmín) — non-military person
  • Czech: civilista — non-military person
  • Czech: civilistka — non-military person
  • Danish: civilist — non-military person
  • Dutch: burger — non-military person
  • Esperanto: civilulo — non-military person
  • Estonian: tsivilist — non-military person
  • Estonian: eraisik — non-military person
  • Finnish: siviili — non-military person
  • French: civil — non-military person
  • French: civile — non-military person
  • Georgian: სამოქალაქო პირი (samokalako ṗiri) — non-military person
  • German: Zivilist — non-military person
  • German: Zivilistin — non-military person
  • German: Zivilperson — non-military person
  • Greek: πολίτης (polítis) — non-military person
  • Hebrew: אֶזְרָח (ezrákh) — non-military person
  • Hebrew: אֶזְרָחִית (ezrakhít) — non-military person
  • Hindi: नागरिक (nāgrik) — non-military person
  • Hungarian: civil — non-military person
  • Hungarian: civil személy — non-military person
  • Hungarian: polgári személy — non-military person
  • Irish: sibhialtach — non-military person
  • Italian: civile — non-military person
  • Japanese: 文民 (bunmin) — non-military person
  • Japanese: 民間人 (minkanjin) — non-military person
  • Kashmiri: سِوَل (sival) — non-military person
  • Khmer: ជនស៊ីវិល (cŭən siivɨl) — non-military person
  • Khmer: អយោធ (ʼaʼyoot) — non-military person
  • Korean: 민간인 (min'ganin) — non-military person
  • Lao: ພົນລະເຮືອນ (phon la hư̄an) — non-military person
  • Lao: ພໍ່ເຮືອນ (phǭ hư̄an) — non-military person
  • Latvian: civilists — non-military person
  • Latvian: civiliste — non-military person
  • Lithuanian: civilis — non-military person
  • Lithuanian: civilisė — non-military person
  • Macedonian: цивил (civil) — non-military person
  • Malay: orang periman — non-military person
  • Malay: orang awam — non-military person
  • Mongolian: иргэн (irgen) — non-military person
  • Norwegian Bokmål: sivilist — non-military person
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: sivilist — non-military person
  • Iranian Persian: غِیْرِنِظامی (ġeyrenezâmi) — non-military person
  • Iranian Persian: شَخْصِ غِیْرِنِظامی (šaxs-e ġeyrenezâmi) — non-military person
  • Polish: cywil — non-military person
  • Portuguese: civil — non-military person
  • Romanian: civil — non-military person
  • Romanian: civilă — non-military person
  • Russian: гражда́нское лицо́ (graždánskoje licó) — non-military person
  • Russian: гражда́нский челове́к (graždánskij čelovék) — non-military person
  • Russian: гражда́нский (graždánskij) — non-military person
  • Russian: шта́тский (štátskij) — non-military person
  • Russian: ми́рный жи́тель (mírnyj žítelʹ) — non-military person
  • Russian: ми́рная жи́тельница (mírnaja žítelʹnica) — non-military person
  • Serbo-Croatian: цѝвӣл — non-military person
  • Serbo-Croatian: цивѝлист — non-military person
  • Serbo-Croatian: цивѝлисткиња — non-military person
  • Serbo-Croatian: цивилистица — non-military person
  • Serbo-Croatian: грађанска особа — non-military person
  • Serbo-Croatian: cìvīl — non-military person
  • Serbo-Croatian: civìlist — non-military person
  • Serbo-Croatian: civìlistkinja — non-military person
  • Serbo-Croatian: civilistica — non-military person
  • Serbo-Croatian: građanska osoba — non-military person
  • Slovak: civilista — non-military person
  • Slovak: civilistka — non-military person
  • Slovene: civilist — non-military person
  • Slovene: civilistka — non-military person
  • Spanish: civil — non-military person
  • Spanish: paisano — non-military person
  • Swedish: civilist — non-military person
  • Swedish: civil — non-military person
  • Tajik: ғайринизомӣ (ġayrinizomi) — non-military person
  • Tajik: шахси ғайринизомӣ (šaxs-i ġayrinizomi) — non-military person
  • Tajik: шахси гражданӣ (šaxs-i graždani) — non-military person
  • Thai: พลเรือน (pon-lá-rʉʉan) — non-military person
  • Turkish: sivil — non-military person
  • Ukrainian: циві́льна осо́ба (cyvílʹna osóba) — non-military person
  • Ukrainian: циві́льна люди́на (cyvílʹna ljudýna) — non-military person
  • Ukrainian: циві́льний (cyvílʹnyj) — non-military person
  • Vietnamese: người thường — non-military person
  • Vietnamese: thường dân — non-military person
  • Vietnamese: dân thường — non-military person
Real reading context

civilian in complete knowledge articles