colonel

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• Received-Pronunciation: /ˈkɜː.nl̩/
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• Received-Pronunciation: [ˈkɜː.nl̩]
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• General-American: /ˈkɝ.nl̩/
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• General-American: [ˈkɝ.nl̩]
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• US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• General-American: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• homophone: kernel (most accents)
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• rhymes with -ɜː(ɹ)nəl
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• UK: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• CMU ARPABET: K ER1 N AH0 L Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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First attested in the 1540s, from Middle French coronnel, from Old Italian colonnello (“the officer of a small company of soldiers (column) that marched at the head of a regiment”), from compagnia colonnella (“little column company”), from Latin columna (“pillar”), originally a collateral form of columen, contraction culmen (“a pillar, top, crown, summit”), o-grade form from a Proto-Indo-European *kelH- (“to rise, be elevated, be prominent”). See hill, holm. The French spelling was reformed late 16th century. The English spelling was modified in 1580s in learned writing to conform to the Italian form (via translations of Italian military manuals), and differing pronunciations (either with "r" or "l") coexisted until around 1650, where it came to be pronounced with "r" only. Spanish and Portuguese coronel, also from Italian, shows similar evolution by dissimilation and perhaps by influence of corona.

Capitalization of colonel.

97 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Afrikaans: kolonel — commissioned office in the armed services
• Albanian: kolonel — commissioned office in the armed services
• Arabic: عَقِيد (ʕaqīd) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Arabic: زَعِيم (zaʕīm) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Arabic: زَعِيم رُتْبَة (zaʕīm rutba) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Arabic: كُولُونِيل (kulunīl) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Armenian: գնդապետ (gndapet) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Aromanian: culunel — commissioned office in the armed services
• Azerbaijani: polkovnik — commissioned office in the armed services
• Azerbaijani: sərhəng — commissioned office in the armed services
• Belarusian: палко́ўнік (palkównik) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Bengali: কর্নেল (kornel) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Bulgarian: полко́вник (polkóvnik) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Catalan: coronel — commissioned office in the armed services
• Chinese Cantonese: 上校 (soeng6 gaau3) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Chinese Mandarin: 上校 (shàngxiào) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Czech: plukovník — commissioned office in the armed services
• Danish: oberst — commissioned office in the armed services
• Dutch: kolonel — commissioned office in the armed services
• Esperanto: kolonelo — commissioned office in the armed services
• Estonian: kolonel — commissioned office in the armed services
• Estonian: polkovnik — commissioned office in the armed services
• Finnish: eversti — commissioned office in the armed services
• French: colonel — commissioned office in the armed services
• Galician: coronel — commissioned office in the armed services
• Georgian: პოლკოვნიკი (ṗolḳovniḳi) — commissioned office in the armed services
• German: Oberst — commissioned office in the armed services
• Greek: συνταγματάρχης (syntagmatárchis) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Greek: σμήναρχος (smínarchos) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Gujarati: કર્નલ (karnal) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Haitian Creole: kolonèl — commissioned office in the armed services
• Hebrew: אַלּוּף מִשְׁנֶה (alúf mishné) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Hindi: कर्नल (karnal) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Hungarian: ezredes — commissioned office in the armed services
• Hungarian: óbester — commissioned office in the armed services
• Indonesian: kolonel — commissioned office in the armed services
• Italian: colonnello — commissioned office in the armed services
• Japanese: 大佐 (taisa) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Kannada: ಕರ್ನಲ್ (karnal) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Kazakh: полковник (polkovnik) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Khmer: វរសេនីយ៍ឯក (vɔɔrĕəʼseenəy ʼaek) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Korean: 대령 (daeryeong) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Korean: 상좌 (sangjwa) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Northern Kurdish: serheng — commissioned office in the armed services
• Kyrgyz: полковник (polkovnik) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Lao: ພັນເອກ (phan ʼēk) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Latvian: pulkvedis — commissioned office in the armed services
• Lithuanian: pul̃kininkas — commissioned office in the armed services
• Lithuanian: pul̃kininkė — commissioned office in the armed services
• Macedonian: полковник (polkovnik) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Malay: kolonel — commissioned office in the armed services
• Maltese: kurunell — commissioned office in the armed services
• Manx: curnal — commissioned office in the armed services
• Māori: kānara — commissioned office in the armed services
• Marathi: कर्नल (karnal) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Mongolian: хурандаа (xurandaa) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Mongolian: ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠩᠳᠠ (qurangda) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Norman: coronel — commissioned office in the armed services
• Norwegian Bokmål: oberst — commissioned office in the armed services
• Pashto: ډګروال (ḍagarwāl) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Pashto: کرنل (karnal) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Pashto: کرنيل (karnayl) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Iranian Persian: سَرْهَنْگ (sarhang) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Iranian Persian: کُلُنِل (kolonel) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Polish: pułkownik — commissioned office in the armed services
• Portuguese: coronel — commissioned office in the armed services
• Romanian: colonel — commissioned office in the armed services
• Romanian: polcovnic — commissioned office in the armed services
• Russian: полко́вник (polkóvnik) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Serbo-Croatian: пу̀ко̄внӣк — commissioned office in the armed services
• Serbo-Croatian: пуковница — commissioned office in the armed services
• Serbo-Croatian: pùkōvnīk — commissioned office in the armed services
• Serbo-Croatian: pukovnica — commissioned office in the armed services
• Sicilian: culunnellu — commissioned office in the armed services
• Sicilian: culunneḍḍu — commissioned office in the armed services
• Slovak: plukovník — commissioned office in the armed services
• Slovene: polkovnik — commissioned office in the armed services
• Slovene: polkóvnica — commissioned office in the armed services
• Spanish: coronel — commissioned office in the armed services
• Swedish: överste — commissioned office in the armed services
• Tagalog: koronel — commissioned office in the armed services
• Tajik: полковник (polkovnik) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Tajik: сарҳанг (sarhang) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Tatar: полковник (polqövnik) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Telugu: కర్నల్ (karnal) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Thai: พันเอก (pan-èek) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Turkish: albay — commissioned office in the armed services
• Turkmen: polkownik — commissioned office in the armed services
• Ukrainian: полко́вник (polkóvnyk) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Urdu: کَرْنَل (karnal) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Uyghur: پولكوۋنىك (polkownik) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Uyghur: شاڭشياۋ (shangshyaw) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Uzbek: polkovnik — commissioned office in the armed services
• Vietnamese: đại tá — commissioned office in the armed services
• Welsh: gyrnol — commissioned office in the armed services
• Yiddish: פּאָלקאָווניק (polkovnik) — commissioned office in the armed services
• Yiddish: קאָלאָנעל (kolonel) — commissioned office in the armed services