Standard Lemma guide

confuse

adj · verb · 12 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • Received-Pronunciation: /kənˈfjuːz/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • Canada, General-American: /kənˈfjuz/
  • Australian, New-Zealand: /kənˈfjʉːz/
  • rhymes with -uːz
  • CMU ARPABET: K AH0 N F Y UW1 Z Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

adj

Meaning 1

Synonym of confused.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: obsolete

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: confused

Antonyms: none provided

2

verb

Meaning 2

to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder (somebody); to afflict by being complicated, contradictory, or otherwise difficult to understand

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • It confused me when I went to the office and nobody was there, but then I realised it was Sunday.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

verb

Meaning 3

To mix up, muddle up (one thing with another); to mistake (one thing for another).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • People who say "hola" to Italians are confusing Italian with Spanish.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

verb

Meaning 4

To mix thoroughly; to confound; to disorder.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • The dense fog utterly confused traffic on the highway.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

verb

Meaning 5

To make uneasy and ashamed; to embarrass.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: dated, transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

verb

Meaning 6

To rout; discomfit.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: obsolete, transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

verb

Meaning 7

To be confused.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

8

verb

Meaning 8

mistake one thing for another

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • you are confusing me with the other candidate
  • I mistook her for the secretary

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: confound

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: mistake, misidentify

9

verb

Meaning 9

make unclear, indistinct, or blurred

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • Her remarks confused the debate
  • Their words obnubilate their intentions

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: blur, obscure, obnubilate

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: change, alter, modify

Narrower terms: muddy

10

verb

Meaning 10

be confusing or perplexing to; cause to be unable to think clearly

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • These questions confuse even the experts
  • This question completely threw me
  • This question befuddled even the teacher

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: throw, fox, befuddle, fuddle, bedevil, confound, discombobulate

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: be

Narrower terms: demoralize, perplex, vex, stick, get, puzzle, mystify, baffle, beat, pose, bewilder, flummox, stupefy, nonplus, gravel, amaze, dumbfound, disorient, disorientate

11

verb

Meaning 11

assemble without order or sense

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • She jumbles the words when she is supposed to write a sentence

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: jumble, mix up

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: assemble, piece, put together, set up, tack, tack together

Narrower terms: addle, muddle, puddle

12

verb

Meaning 12

cause to feel embarrassment

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • The constant attention of the young man confused her

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: flurry, disconcert, put off

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: embarrass, abash

Narrower terms: fluster, bother, distract, deflect

History

Etymology

From Middle English confus, from Old French confus, from Latin cōnfūsus, past participle of cōnfundō.

Back-formation from confused, from Middle English confused (“frustrated, ruined”), from Anglo-Norman confus, from Latin cōnfūsus, past participle of cōnfundō.

Across languages

Translations

132 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Arabic: أَرْبَكَ (ʔarbaka) — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Arabic: حَيَّرَ (ḥayyara) — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Azerbaijani: çaşdırmaq — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Azerbaijani: çaş-baş etmək — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Azerbaijani: karıxdırmaq — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Bulgarian: обърквам (obǎrkvam) — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Bulgarian: смущавам (smuštavam) — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Catalan: confondre — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Chinese Mandarin: 讓......困惑 /让......困惑 (ràng ... kùnhuò) — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Czech: zmást — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Danish: forvirre — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Dutch: verwarren — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Dutch: in de war brengen — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Dutch: verbijsteren — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Esperanto: konfuzi — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Finnish: sekoittaa — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Finnish: saada ymmälleen — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Finnish: hämätä — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • French: rendre perplexe — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • French: confondre — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • French: confuser — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • French: confusionner — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Georgian: დაბნევა (dabneva) — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • German: verwirren — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • German: konfundieren — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Greek: μπερδεύω (berdévo) — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Greek: σαστίζω (sastízo) — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Hebrew: בלבל (bilbel) — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Hungarian: összezavar — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Italian: confondere — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Japanese: 混乱させる (konran saseru) — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Korean: 혼란시키다 (hollansikida) — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Macedonian: буни (buni) — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Māori: whakapōraru — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Māori: whakapōkīkī — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Norwegian: forvirre — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Old English: dwilman — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Polish: zmieszać — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Portuguese: confundir — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Quechua: arwiy — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Romanian: încurca — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Russian: пу́тать (pútatʹ) — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Russian: запу́тать (zapútatʹ) — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Scottish Gaelic: cuir tro-chèile — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Sikkimese: དཀྲུགས (dkrugs) — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Spanish: confundir — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Spanish: barahustar — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Spanish: barajustar — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Spanish: baraustar — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Swedish: förvirra — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Swedish: förväxla — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Yiddish: צעמישן (tsemishn) — to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder somebody
  • Belarusian: блытаць (blytacʹ) — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Belarusian: пераблытаць (pjerablytacʹ) — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Bulgarian: обърквам (obǎrkvam) — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Catalan: confondre — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Chinese Mandarin: 混淆 (hùnxiáo) — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Czech: splést — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Czech: zaměnit — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Danish: forveksle — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Dutch: verwisselen — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Dutch: verwarren — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Dutch: in de war brengen — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Dutch: door elkaar halen — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Dutch: dooreenhalen — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Esperanto: konfuzi — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Finnish: sekoittaa — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Finnish: erehtyä — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • French: confondre — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Georgian: აერევა (aereva) — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • German: verwechseln — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Greek: συγχέω (synchéo) — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Hebrew: בלבל (bilbel) — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Hungarian: összekever — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Hungarian: összetéveszt — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Icelandic: víxla — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Italian: confondere — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Japanese: 混同する (kondō-suru) — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Kabuverdianu: baradja — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Latin: cōnfundō — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Māori: whakananu — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Norwegian: forveksle — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Norwegian Bokmål: blande sammen — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: blande saman — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Old English: mengan — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Polish: pomylić — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Portuguese: confundir — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Russian: пу́тать (pútatʹ) — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Russian: перепу́тать (perepútatʹ) — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Russian: спу́тать (spútatʹ) — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Russian: обозна́ться (oboznátʹsja) — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Spanish: confundir — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Swedish: förväxla — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Swedish: blanda ihop — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Turkish: karıştırmak — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Ukrainian: плутати (plutaty) — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Ukrainian: переплутати (pereplutaty) — to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another
  • Azerbaijani: qarışdırmaq — to mix thoroughly
  • Bulgarian: размесвам (razmesvam) — to mix thoroughly
  • Chinese Mandarin: 攪亂 /搅乱 (jiǎoluàn) — to mix thoroughly
  • Dutch: verwarren — to mix thoroughly
  • Dutch: in de war brengen — to mix thoroughly
  • Dutch: dooreenhalen — to mix thoroughly
  • Finnish: sekoittaa perusteellisesti — to mix thoroughly
  • Finnish: sotkea — to mix thoroughly
  • Finnish: sekoittaa — to mix thoroughly
  • German: vermischen — to mix thoroughly
  • Hungarian: összekever — to mix thoroughly
  • Hungarian: összekavar — to mix thoroughly
  • Latin: cōnfundō — to mix thoroughly
  • Norwegian: blande — to mix thoroughly
  • Old English: mengan — to mix thoroughly
  • Old English: formengan — to mix thoroughly
  • Portuguese: misturar — to mix thoroughly
  • Russian: сме́шивать (sméšivatʹ) — to mix thoroughly
  • Scottish Gaelic: cuir tro-chèile — to mix thoroughly
  • Spanish: confusionar — to mix thoroughly
  • Swedish: blanda — to mix thoroughly
  • Arabic: أَرْبَكَ (ʔarbaka) — to embarrass
  • Bulgarian: смущавам (smuštavam) — to embarrass
  • Danish: bringe en i forlegenhed — to embarrass
  • Finnish: nolata — to embarrass
  • Finnish: saattaa hämilleen — to embarrass
  • Finnish: saada hämilleen — to embarrass
  • German: jemanden in Verlegenheit f bringen — to embarrass
  • Greek: προκαλώ αμηχανία (prokaló amichanía) — to embarrass
  • Japanese: 混乱させる (konran-saseru) — to embarrass
  • Norwegian Bokmål: bringe noen i forlegenhet — to embarrass
  • Old English: sceamian — to embarrass
  • Old English: scendan — to embarrass
  • Portuguese: envergonhar — to embarrass
  • Russian: смуща́ть (smuščátʹ) — to embarrass