Standard Lemma guide

conjecture

noun · verb · 10 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • Received-Pronunciation: /kənˈd͡ʒɛkt͡ʃə/
  • Received-Pronunciation: [khənˈd͡ʒɛkt͡ʃə]
  • Australian: /kənˈd͡ʒekt͡ʃə/
  • Australian: [khənˈd͡ʒekt͡ʃə]
  • Queensland Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • Canada, General-American: /kənˈd͡ʒɛkt͡ʃɚ/
  • Canada, General-American: [khənˈd͡ʒɛkt͡ʃɚ] ~ [khənˈd͡ʒɛkt͡ʃɹ̩]
  • California: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -ɛkt͡ʃə(ɹ)
  • CMU ARPABET: K AH0 N JH EH1 K CH ER0 Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
  • CMU ARPABET 2: K AH0 N JH EH1 K SH ER0 Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

A statement or an idea which is unproven, but is thought to be true; a guess.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, formal, uncountable

Examples

  • I explained it, but it is pure conjecture whether he understood, or not.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

A supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, formal, uncountable

Examples

  • The physicist used his conjecture about subatomic particles to design an experiment.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

A statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: human-sciences, linguistics, mathematics, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

Interpretation of signs and omens.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, obsolete, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

verb

Meaning 5

To guess; to venture an unproven idea.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: formal, intransitive

Examples

  • I do not know if it is true; I am simply conjecturing here.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

verb

Meaning 6

To infer on slight evidence; to guess at.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • February 22, 1685, Robert South, All Contingences under the Direction of God's Providence (sermon preached at Westminster Abbey)

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

noun

Meaning 7

reasoning that involves the formation of conclusions from incomplete evidence

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: reasoning, logical thinking, abstract thought

Narrower terms: theorization, theorisation, supposition, supposal

8

noun

Meaning 8

a hypothesis that has been formed by speculating or conjecturing (usually with little hard evidence)

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • speculations about the outcome of the election
  • he dismissed it as mere conjecture

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: speculation

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: hypothesis, possibility, theory

9

noun

Meaning 9

a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: guess, supposition, surmise, surmisal, speculation, hypothesis

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: opinion, view

Narrower terms: divination

10

verb

Meaning 10

to believe especially on uncertain or tentative grounds

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • Scientists supposed that large dinosaurs lived in swamps

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: speculate, theorize, theorise, hypothesize, hypothesise, hypothecate, suppose

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: expect, anticipate

Narrower terms: reconstruct, construct, retrace, explicate, formulate, develop

History

Etymology

From Old French, from Latin coniectūra (“a guess”), from coniectus, perfect passive participle of cōniciō (“throw or cast together; guess”), from con- (“together”) + iaciō (“throw, hurl”); see jet. Compare adjective, eject, inject, project, reject, subject, object, trajectory, deject, abject, surjection, bijection, interject. Compare typologically Russian прики́дывать (prikídyvatʹ) (akin to кида́ть (kidátʹ)).

Across languages

Translations

161 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Arabic: فَرَضِيَّة (faraḍiyya) — unproven statement; guess
  • Arabic: اِفْتِرَاض (iftirāḍ) — unproven statement; guess
  • Azerbaijani: fərziyyə — unproven statement; guess
  • Azerbaijani: güman — unproven statement; guess
  • Azerbaijani: təxmin — unproven statement; guess
  • Azerbaijani: fərz — unproven statement; guess
  • Azerbaijani: ehtimal — unproven statement; guess
  • Bulgarian: предположение (predpoloženie) — unproven statement; guess
  • Bulgarian: догадка (dogadka) — unproven statement; guess
  • Chinese Mandarin: 臆測 /臆测 (yìcè) — unproven statement; guess
  • Chinese Mandarin: 推測 /推测 (tuīcè) — unproven statement; guess
  • Czech: dohad — unproven statement; guess
  • Czech: konjektura — unproven statement; guess
  • Czech: domněnka — unproven statement; guess
  • Dutch: gissing — unproven statement; guess
  • Dutch: giswerk — unproven statement; guess
  • Dutch: conjectuur — unproven statement; guess
  • Finnish: arvelu — unproven statement; guess
  • Finnish: arvaus — unproven statement; guess
  • Finnish: olettamus — unproven statement; guess
  • Finnish: otaksuma — unproven statement; guess
  • French: conjecture — unproven statement; guess
  • Galician: conxetura — unproven statement; guess
  • German: Vermutung — unproven statement; guess
  • German: Verdacht — unproven statement; guess
  • German: Mutmaßung — unproven statement; guess
  • Greek: εικασία (eikasía) — unproven statement; guess
  • Greek: υπόθεση (ypóthesi) — unproven statement; guess
  • Hungarian: feltételezés — unproven statement; guess
  • Hungarian: feltevés — unproven statement; guess
  • Hungarian: sejtés — unproven statement; guess
  • Hungarian: találgatás — unproven statement; guess
  • Irish: buille faoi thuairim — unproven statement; guess
  • Italian: congettura — unproven statement; guess
  • Japanese: 推測 (suisoku) — unproven statement; guess
  • Latin: coniectūra — unproven statement; guess
  • Māori: pūmāramarama — unproven statement; guess
  • Māori: tāiringa kōrero — unproven statement; guess
  • Norwegian Bokmål: gjetning — unproven statement; guess
  • Norwegian Bokmål: gjetting — unproven statement; guess
  • Norwegian Bokmål: gjettverk — unproven statement; guess
  • Norwegian Bokmål: antakelse — unproven statement; guess
  • Norwegian Bokmål: formodning — unproven statement; guess
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: gjetting — unproven statement; guess
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: gissing — unproven statement; guess
  • Polish: przypuszczenie — unproven statement; guess
  • Polish: domysł — unproven statement; guess
  • Portuguese: conjetura — unproven statement; guess
  • Portuguese: conjectura — unproven statement; guess
  • Romanian: ipoteză — unproven statement; guess
  • Romanian: presupunere — unproven statement; guess
  • Russian: предположе́ние (predpoložénije) — unproven statement; guess
  • Russian: дога́дка (dogádka) — unproven statement; guess
  • Scottish Gaelic: tuairmse — unproven statement; guess
  • Scottish Gaelic: barail — unproven statement; guess
  • Scottish Gaelic: tomhas — unproven statement; guess
  • Serbo-Croatian: pretpostavka — unproven statement; guess
  • Serbo-Croatian: nagađanje — unproven statement; guess
  • Slovak: konjektúra — unproven statement; guess
  • Spanish: conjetura — unproven statement; guess
  • Swedish: förmodan — unproven statement; guess
  • Turkish: konjektür — unproven statement; guess
  • Ottoman Turkish: تقدیر (takdir) — unproven statement; guess
  • Arabic: تَخْمِين (taḵmīn) — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Bulgarian: догадка (dogadka) — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Chinese Mandarin: 猜想 (cāixiǎng) — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Chinese Mandarin: 假說 /假说 (jiǎshuō) — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Dutch: conjectuur — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Dutch: hypothese — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Dutch: vermoeden — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Finnish: olettamus — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Finnish: hypoteesi — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • French: conjecture — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • German: Vermutung — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • German: Hypothese — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • German: Konjektur — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Greek: υπόθεση (ypóthesi) — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Hungarian: feltevés — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Hungarian: hipotézis — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Japanese: 忖度 (sontaku) — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Māori: pūmāramarama — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Norwegian Bokmål: formodning — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Polish: hipoteza — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Portuguese: hipótese — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Romanian: ipoteză — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Russian: гипо́теза (gipóteza) — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Russian: предположе́ние (predpoložénije) — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Russian: дога́дка (dogádka) — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Sanskrit: तर्क (tarka) — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Scottish Gaelic: tuairmse — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Scottish Gaelic: barail — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Scottish Gaelic: tomhas — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Serbo-Croatian: hipoteza — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Serbo-Croatian: pretpostavka — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Serbo-Croatian: spekulacija — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Spanish: conjetura — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Swedish: förmodan — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Swedish: hypotes — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Turkish: tahmin — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Ottoman Turkish: تقدیر (takdir) — supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis
  • Chinese Mandarin: 猜想 (cāixiǎng) — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Dutch: hypothese — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Dutch: vermoeden — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Finnish: otaksuma — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Finnish: olettamus — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Finnish: väite — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • French: conjecture — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • German: Vermutung — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • German: Hypothese — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Greek: υπόθεση (ypóthesi) — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Hebrew: השערה (hash'ará) — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Hungarian: sejtés — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Icelandic: tilgáta — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Māori: pūmāramarama — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Norwegian Bokmål: konjektur — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: konjektur — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Polish: teoria — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Portuguese: conjetura — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Portuguese: conjectura — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Romanian: supoziție — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Romanian: teoremă — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Russian: предположе́ние (predpoložénije) — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Scottish Gaelic: tuairmse — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Scottish Gaelic: barail — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Serbo-Croatian: pretpostavka — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Spanish: conjetura — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Swedish: förmodan — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Turkish: konjektür — statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven
  • Bulgarian: предполагам (predpolagam) — to guess
  • Chinese Mandarin: 推測 /推测 (tuīcè) — to guess
  • Dutch: gissen — to guess
  • Dutch: vermoeden — to guess
  • Dutch: veronderstellen — to guess
  • Esperanto: konjekti — to guess
  • Finnish: arvailla — to guess
  • French: conjecturer — to guess
  • German: vermuten — to guess
  • German: mutmaßen — to guess
  • German: spekulieren — to guess
  • Greek: εικάζω (eikázo) — to guess
  • Greek: υποθέτω (ypothéto) — to guess
  • Ancient Greek: ὑπονοέω (huponoéō) — to guess
  • Hungarian: feltételez — to guess
  • Hungarian: találgat — to guess
  • Hungarian: feltételezésekbe bocsátkozik — to guess
  • Italian: congetturare — to guess
  • Japanese: 推測する (suisoku suru) — to guess
  • Latin: opīnor — to guess
  • Latin: Latin: coniectō — to guess
  • Polish: przypuszczać — to guess
  • Polish: przypuścić — to guess
  • Polish: snuć domysły — to guess
  • Portuguese: conjeturar — to guess
  • Quechua: hamurpay — to guess
  • Russian: гада́ть (gadátʹ) — to guess
  • Russian: предполага́ть (predpolagátʹ) — to guess
  • Serbo-Croatian: nagađati — to guess
  • Spanish: conjeturar — to guess
  • Spanish: barruntar — to guess
  • Spanish: elucubrar — to guess
  • Swedish: förmoda — to guess
Real reading context

conjecture in complete knowledge articles