Standard Lemma guide

copula

noun · 6 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

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  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈkɒpjʊlə/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • UK: /ˈkɒpjələ/
  • US: /ˈkɑpjələ/
  • US: /ˈkɔpjələ/
  • rhymes with -ɒpjələ

1

noun

Meaning 1

A word, usually a verb, used to link the subject of a sentence with a predicate (usually a subject complement or an adverbial), that unites or associates the subject with the predicate.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: grammar, human-sciences, linguistics, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: linking verb, copular verb

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

The bond or relationship by which two things are combined into a unity.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

A function that represents the association between two or more variables, independent of the individual marginal distributions of the variables.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: mathematics, sciences, statistics

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

A device that connects two or more keyboards of an organ.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: entertainment, lifestyle, music

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

The act of copulation; mating.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: biology, natural-sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

an equating verb (such as `be' or `become') that links the subject with the complement of a sentence

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: copulative, linking verb

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: verb

History

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin cōpula (“connection, linking of words”), from co- (“together”) + apere (“fasten”). Doublet of couple.

Across languages

Translations

92 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Albanian: kopulë — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Arabic: رَابِطَة (rābiṭa) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Arabic: رَابِط (rābiṭ) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Arabic: عِمَاد (ʕimād) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Armenian: հանգույց (hanguycʻ) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Belarusian: звя́зка (zvjázka) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Belarusian: дзеясло́ў-звя́зка (dzjejaslów-zvjázka) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Belarusian: ко́пула (kópula) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Bulgarian: връ́зка (vrǎ́zka) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Bulgarian: ко́пула (kópula) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Chechen: хоттам (xottam) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Chinese Mandarin: 係詞 /系词 (xìcí) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Chinese Mandarin: 連詞 /连词 (liáncí) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Chinese Mandarin: 連繫動詞 /连系动词 (liánxì dòngcí) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Czech: spona — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Danish: kopula — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Dutch: koppelwerkwoord — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Esperanto: ligverbo — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Estonian: koopula — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Farefare: tɔɣ-kɔpʋla — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Farefare: kopula — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Finnish: kopula — grammar: linking kind of word
  • French: copule — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Georgian: კოპულა (ḳoṗula) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • German: Kopula — grammar: linking kind of word
  • German: Kopulaverb — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Greek: συνδετικό ρήμα (syndetikó ríma) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Hebrew: אוֹגֵד (ogéd) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Hindi: योजक (yojak) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Hindi: संयोजक (sãyojak) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Hungarian: kopula — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Hungarian: kapcsolóige — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Hungarian: kopulatív ige — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Icelandic: tengisögn — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Indonesian: kopula — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Italian: copula — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Japanese: 繋辞 (keiji) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Japanese: コピュラ (kopyura) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Japanese: 連辞 (renji) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Japanese: 指定詞 (shiteishi) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Japanese: コプラ (kopura) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Kazakh: жалғаулық (jalğaulyq) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Korean: 계사 (gyesa) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Korean: 코퓰러 (kopyulleo) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Korean: 계합사 (gyehapsa) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Kyrgyz: байламта (baylamta) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Latvian: kopula — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Lithuanian: kopula — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Macedonian: копула (kopula) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Mongolian: холбоц үйл үг (xolboc üjl üg) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Mongolian: холбоц (xolboc) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Norwegian Bokmål: kopula — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Iranian Persian: فِعْلِ رَبْطی (fe'l-e rabti) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Polish: łącznik — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Polish: spójka — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Portuguese: cópula — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Portuguese: verbo de ligação — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Romanian: copulă — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Russian: свя́зка (svjázka) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Russian: ко́пула (kópula) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Russian: глаго́л-свя́зка (glagól-svjázka) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Serbo-Croatian: ко̏пула — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Serbo-Croatian: спо̏на — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Serbo-Croatian: kȍpula — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Serbo-Croatian: spȍna — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Slovak: spona — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Slovene: vez — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Slovene: kopula — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Spanish: cópula — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Swedish: kopula — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Tagalog: pandiwang pangawing — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Tajik: бандак (bandak) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Tatar: бәйлек (bäylek) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Thai: ตัวเชื่อม (dtuua-chʉ̂ʉam) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Thai: สัมพันธกริยา — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Turkish: koşaç — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Turkish: bildirme eki — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Ukrainian: зв'я́зка (zvʺjázka) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Ukrainian: дієсло́во-зв'я́зка (dijeslóvo-zvʺjázka) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Ukrainian: ко́пула (kópula) — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Uzbek: bogʻlama — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Uzbek: feʼl-bogʻlama — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Vietnamese: từ liên hệ — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Welsh: cyplad — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Zazaki: gırek — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Zazaki: kopula — grammar: linking kind of word
  • Chinese Mandarin: 耦合 (ǒuhé) — statistics: measure of association
  • Chinese Mandarin: 關聯結構 /关联结构 (guānliánjiégòu) — statistics: measure of association
  • Japanese: コピュラ (kopyura) — statistics: measure of association
  • Polish: kopula — statistics: measure of association
  • Russian: ко́пула (kópula) — statistics: measure of association
  • Spanish: cópula — statistics: measure of association