Standard Lemma guide

cortex

noun · 6 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • General-American: /ˈkɔɹtɛks/
  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈkɔːtɛks/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -ɔɹtɛks
  • CMU ARPABET: K AO1 R T EH0 K S Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

The outer layer of an internal organ or body structure, such as the kidney or the brain.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable

Topics: anatomy, medicine, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

The tissue of a stem or root that lies inward from the epidermis, but exterior to the vascular tissue.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: uncountable

Topics: biology, botany, natural-sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

The outer surface of a piece of flint.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: archaeology, history, human-sciences, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

the tissue that surrounds the lens nucleus

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: lens cortex

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: animal tissue

5

noun

Meaning 5

the layer of unmyelinated neurons (the grey matter) forming the cortex of the cerebrum

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: cerebral cortex, cerebral mantle, pallium

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: neural structure

Narrower terms: neopallium, neocortex, archipallium, paleocortex

6

noun

Meaning 6

the tissue forming the outer layer of an organ or structure in plant or animal

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: medulla

Broader terms: animal tissue, plant tissue

Narrower terms: adrenal cortex, renal cortex

History

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- Proto-Indo-European *(s)kert- Proto-Indo-European *(s)kort-ek-sder. Latin cortexbor. English cortex Borrowed from Latin cortex (“cork, bark”).

Across languages

Translations

33 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Bashkir: ҡабыҡ (qabıq) — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • Bulgarian: ципа (cipa) — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • Catalan: còrtex — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • Chinese Mandarin: 皮质 (pízhì) — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • Czech: kůra — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • Finnish: kuori — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • French: cortex — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • German: Rinde — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • German: Cortex — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • German: Kortex — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • Greek: φλοιός (floiós) — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • Hungarian: kéreg — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • Ido: kortico — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • Irish: coirtéis — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • Khmer: សំបក (sɑmbɑɑk) — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • Korean: 피질 (pijil) — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • Northern Kurdish: tûkil — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • Norwegian Bokmål: bark — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: bork — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • Polish: kora — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • Portuguese: córtex — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • Russian: кора (kora) — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • Thai: เปลือก (bplʉ̀ʉak) — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • Welsh: breithell — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • Welsh: gwisg — outer layer of an internal organ or body structure
  • Bulgarian: кора (kora) — tissue of a stem or root
  • French: cortex — tissue of a stem or root
  • Hungarian: kéreg — tissue of a stem or root
  • Northern Kurdish: tûkil — tissue of a stem or root
  • Latin: cortex — tissue of a stem or root
  • Polish: kora — tissue of a stem or root
  • Portuguese: córtex — tissue of a stem or root
  • Tagalog: luknap — tissue of a stem or root
Real reading context

cortex in complete knowledge articles