Standard Lemma guide

coward

adj · name · noun · verb · 7 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • UK: kou'əd
  • UK: /ˈkaʊəd/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • US: kou'ərd
  • US: /ˈkaʊɚd/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • South-Asia: /ˈkawə(ɾ)d/
  • homophone: covered
  • homophone: cowered
  • CMU ARPABET: K AW1 ER0 D Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

adj

Meaning 1

Cowardly.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Examples

  • c. 1605, William Shakespeare, King Lear, Act II, Scene 4, He rais’d the house with loud and coward cries.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

adj

Meaning 2

Borne in the escutcheon with his tail doubled between his legs.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: government, heraldry, hobbies, lifestyle, monarchy, nobility, politics

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

name

Meaning 3

A surname originating as an occupation.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

A person who lacks courage.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Examples

  • Near-synonyms: big baby, baby
  • 1856: Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary, Part II Chapter IV, translated by Eleanor Marx-Aveling He tortured himself to find out how he could make his declaration to her, and always halting between the fear of displeasing her and the shame of being such a coward, he wept with discouragement and desire. Then he took energetic resolutions, wrote letters that he tore up, put it off to times that he again deferred.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: chicken, pullet, scaredy pants, yellowbelly, big baby, baby

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: person

5

verb

Meaning 5

To intimidate.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: obsolete, transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

a person who shows fear or timidity

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: person, individual, someone, somebody, mortal, soul

Narrower terms: cur, dastard, poltroon, craven, recreant, quaker, trembler, shy person, shrinking violet, sissy, pantywaist, pansy, milksop, Milquetoast, waverer, vacillator, hesitator, hesitater

7

noun

Meaning 7

English dramatist and actor and composer noted for his witty and sophisticated comedies (1899-1973)

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: Noel Coward, Sir Noel Pierce Coward

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: actor, histrion, player, thespian, role player, composer, dramatist, playwright

History

Etymology

From Middle English coward, from Old French coart, cuard ( > French couard), from coue (“tail”), coe + -ard (pejorative agent noun suffix); coue, coe is in turn from Latin cauda. The reference seems to be to an animal "turning tail", or having its tail between its legs, especially a dog. Compare the expression tail between one's legs. Displaced native Old English earg (surviving in northern dialect English argh). Unrelated to cower, which is of Germanic origin.

From Old English cūhierde (“cowherd”). Doublet of Cowherd and cowherd.

Across languages

Translations

227 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Afrikaans: lafaard — a person who lacks courage
  • Afrikaans: papbroek — a person who lacks courage
  • Albanian: frikacak — a person who lacks courage
  • Southern Altai: коркунчаак (korkunčaak) — a person who lacks courage
  • Arabic: جَبَان (jabān) — a person who lacks courage
  • Armenian: վախկոտ (vaxkot) — a person who lacks courage
  • Armenian: ղզիկ (ġzik) — a person who lacks courage
  • Azerbaijani: qorxaq — a person who lacks courage
  • Bashkir: ҡурҡаҡ (qurqaq) — a person who lacks courage
  • Basque: koldar — a person who lacks courage
  • Belarusian: баязлі́вец (bajazlívjec) — a person who lacks courage
  • Belarusian: баязлі́ўка (bajazlíwka) — a person who lacks courage
  • Belarusian: палахлі́вец (palaxlívjec) — a person who lacks courage
  • Belarusian: палахлі́ўка (palaxlíwka) — a person who lacks courage
  • Bulgarian: страхли́вец (strahlívec) — a person who lacks courage
  • Bulgarian: страхли́вка (strahlívka) — a person who lacks courage
  • Catalan: covard — a person who lacks courage
  • Cebuano: talawan — a person who lacks courage
  • Chakma: 𑄛𑄘𑄢 (pādārā) — a person who lacks courage
  • Chamicuro: s̈hamle'c̈homa — a person who lacks courage
  • Chinese Mandarin: 懦夫 (nuòfū) — a person who lacks courage
  • Chinese Mandarin: 孬種 /孬种 (nāozhǒng) — a person who lacks courage
  • Chinese Mandarin: 孱頭 /孱头 (càntou) — a person who lacks courage
  • Chinese Mandarin: 膽小鬼 /胆小鬼 (dǎnxiǎoguǐ) — a person who lacks courage
  • Chinese Mandarin: 軟骨頭 /软骨头 — a person who lacks courage
  • Chukchi: айыԓгыԓьын (ajyḷgyḷʹyn) — a person who lacks courage
  • Czech: zbabělec — a person who lacks courage
  • Czech: zbabělkyně — a person who lacks courage
  • Czech: bázlivec — a person who lacks courage
  • Czech: posera — a person who lacks courage
  • Danish: bangebuks — a person who lacks courage
  • Danish: kujon — a person who lacks courage
  • Danish: kryster — a person who lacks courage
  • Dutch: lafaard — a person who lacks courage
  • Dutch: slapjanus — a person who lacks courage
  • Dutch: watje — a person who lacks courage
  • Erzya: тандаль (tandaľ) — a person who lacks courage
  • Esperanto: malkuraĝulo — a person who lacks courage
  • Esperanto: timemulo — a person who lacks courage
  • Esperanto: timulo — a person who lacks courage
  • Esperanto: poltrono — a person who lacks courage
  • Estonian: argpüks — a person who lacks courage
  • Faroese: bloyta — a person who lacks courage
  • Faroese: ræðuskítur — a person who lacks courage
  • Faroese: rædduskítur — a person who lacks courage
  • Faroese: bløka — a person who lacks courage
  • Faroese: ónytta — a person who lacks courage
  • Finnish: pelkuri — a person who lacks courage
  • French: couard — a person who lacks courage
  • French: couarde — a person who lacks courage
  • French: poltron — a person who lacks courage
  • French: poltronne — a person who lacks courage
  • French: froussard — a person who lacks courage
  • French: froussarde — a person who lacks courage
  • French: lâche — a person who lacks courage
  • West-Frisian: fiich — a person who lacks courage
  • West-Frisian: leffert — a person who lacks courage
  • Galician: covarde — a person who lacks courage
  • Galician: cagainas — a person who lacks courage
  • Georgian: მშიშარა (mšišara) — a person who lacks courage
  • Georgian: მხდალი (mxdali) — a person who lacks courage
  • Georgian: ლაჩარი (lačari) — a person who lacks courage
  • Georgian: ჯაბანი (ǯabani) — a person who lacks courage
  • Georgian: ქვეშაჯვია (kvešaǯvia) — a person who lacks courage
  • German: Feigling — a person who lacks courage
  • German: Angsthase — a person who lacks courage
  • German: Schisser — a person who lacks courage
  • German: Schisserin — a person who lacks courage
  • German: Hosenscheißer — a person who lacks courage
  • German: Warmduscher — a person who lacks courage
  • Greek: δειλός (deilós) — a person who lacks courage
  • Greek: άνανδρος (ánandros) — a person who lacks courage
  • Greek: κότα (kóta) — a person who lacks courage
  • Greek: φοβιτσιάρης (fovitsiáris) — a person who lacks courage
  • Greek: κιοτής (kiotís) — a person who lacks courage
  • Greek: φοβητσιάρης (fovitsiáris) — a person who lacks courage
  • Ancient Greek: δειλός (deilós) — a person who lacks courage
  • Ancient Greek: δειλή (deilḗ) — a person who lacks courage
  • Haitian Creole: kapon — a person who lacks courage
  • Hebrew: פַּחְדָן (pakhdán) — a person who lacks courage
  • Hebrew: פחדנית (pakhdanít) — a person who lacks courage
  • Hebrew: מוּג לֵב (mug lev) — a person who lacks courage
  • Hindi: कायर (kāyar) — a person who lacks courage
  • Hindi: डरपोक (ḍarpok) — a person who lacks courage
  • Hindi: बुज़दिल (buzdil) — a person who lacks courage
  • Hindi: बुजदिल (bujdil) — a person who lacks courage
  • Hungarian: gyáva (alak) — a person who lacks courage
  • Icelandic: bleyða — a person who lacks courage
  • Ido: poltrono — a person who lacks courage
  • Ido: deskurajozo — a person who lacks courage
  • Ilocano: natakrot — a person who lacks courage
  • Indonesian: pengecut — a person who lacks courage
  • Irish: cladhaire — a person who lacks courage
  • Irish: meatachán — a person who lacks courage
  • Italian: codardo — a person who lacks courage
  • Italian: pusillanime — a person who lacks courage
  • Italian: vigliacco — a person who lacks courage
  • Italian: vile — a person who lacks courage
  • Italian: coniglio — a person who lacks courage
  • Italian: fifone — a person who lacks courage
  • Italian: fifona — a person who lacks courage
  • Ivatan: matahaw — a person who lacks courage
  • Japanese: 臆病者 (okubyōmono) — a person who lacks courage
  • Japanese: 怖がり (kowagari) — a person who lacks courage
  • Japanese: 怖がり屋 (kowagariya) — a person who lacks courage
  • Japanese: 腰抜け (koshinuke) — a person who lacks courage
  • Japanese: 弱虫 (yowamushi) — a person who lacks courage
  • Japanese: 卑怯者 (hikyōmono) — a person who lacks courage
  • Kapampangan: bayugin — a person who lacks courage
  • Kapampangan: galgawu — a person who lacks courage
  • Kapampangan: mataloti — a person who lacks courage
  • Kazakh: қорқақ (qorqaq) — a person who lacks courage
  • Khmer: អ្នកកំសាក (nĕək kɑmsaak) — a person who lacks courage
  • Khmer: កំសាក (kɑmsaak) — a person who lacks courage
  • Korean: 겁쟁이 (geopjaeng'i) — a person who lacks courage
  • Korean: 비겁자 (bigeopja) — a person who lacks courage
  • Korean: 겁꾸러기 (geopkkureogi) — a person who lacks courage
  • Korean: 겁보 (geopbo) — a person who lacks courage
  • Korean: 겁부 (geopbu) — a person who lacks courage
  • Northern Kurdish: tirsok — a person who lacks courage
  • Northern Kurdish: newêrek — a person who lacks courage
  • Northern Kurdish: bêcesaret — a person who lacks courage
  • Northern Kurdish: bêkulek — a person who lacks courage
  • Northern Kurdish: tirsonek — a person who lacks courage
  • Northern Kurdish: tirsoke — a person who lacks courage
  • Kyrgyz: коркок (korkok) — a person who lacks courage
  • Lao: ຄົນຕາຂາວ (khon tā khāo) — a person who lacks courage
  • Lao: ຄົນຂີ້ຢ້ານ (khon khī yān) — a person who lacks courage
  • Latvian: gļēvulis — a person who lacks courage
  • Latvian: gļēvule — a person who lacks courage
  • Lithuanian: bailys — a person who lacks courage
  • Luxembourgish: Feigling — a person who lacks courage
  • Macedonian: кука́вица (kukávica) — a person who lacks courage
  • Macedonian: страшливец (strašlivec) — a person who lacks courage
  • Malagasy: fananga — a person who lacks courage
  • Malay: pengecut — a person who lacks courage
  • Malayalam: ഭീരു (bhīru) — a person who lacks courage
  • Manx: aggleydagh — a person who lacks courage
  • Māori: tautauhea — a person who lacks courage
  • Māori: tautauwhea — a person who lacks courage
  • Māori: tautauā — a person who lacks courage
  • Māori: whiore hume — a person who lacks courage
  • Māori: hukehuke — a person who lacks courage
  • Māori: hamo pango — a person who lacks courage
  • Māori: poromataku — a person who lacks courage
  • Maranao: talaw — a person who lacks courage
  • Middle English: coward — a person who lacks courage
  • Mongolian: аймхай хүн (ajmxaj xün) — a person who lacks courage
  • Mongolian: хулчгар хүн (xulčgar xün) — a person who lacks courage
  • Norwegian Bokmål: feiging — a person who lacks courage
  • Norwegian Bokmål: reddhare — a person who lacks courage
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: feiging — a person who lacks courage
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: reddhare — a person who lacks courage
  • Occitan: coard — a person who lacks courage
  • Old English: earg — a person who lacks courage
  • Persian: ترسو (tarsu) — a person who lacks courage
  • Persian: نامرد (nâmard) — a person who lacks courage
  • Persian: بزدل (bozdel) — a person who lacks courage
  • Plautdietsch: Schietstremp — a person who lacks courage
  • Polish: tchórz — a person who lacks courage
  • Polish: strachajło — a person who lacks courage
  • Polish: bojaźliwiec — a person who lacks courage
  • Portuguese: covarde — a person who lacks courage
  • Romanian: laș — a person who lacks courage
  • Romanian: lașă — a person who lacks courage
  • Russian: трус (trus) — a person who lacks courage
  • Russian: труси́ха (trusíxa) — a person who lacks courage
  • Russian: трусишка (trusiška) — a person who lacks courage
  • Russian: ссыку́н (ssykún) — a person who lacks courage
  • Russian: бздун (bzdun) — a person who lacks courage
  • Russian: ссыкло́ (ssykló) — a person who lacks courage
  • Russian: боя́ка (bojáka) — a person who lacks courage
  • Russian: боягу́з (bojagúz) — a person who lacks courage
  • Russian: боягу́зка (bojagúzka) — a person who lacks courage
  • Scottish Gaelic: cladhaire — a person who lacks courage
  • Scottish Gaelic: gealtaire — a person who lacks courage
  • Serbo-Croatian: ку̏кавица — a person who lacks courage
  • Serbo-Croatian: kȕkavica — a person who lacks courage
  • Shan: ၵူၼ်းၶီႈယၢၼ်ႈ (kúun khīi yāan) — a person who lacks courage
  • Shor: қортуқ (qortuq) — a person who lacks courage
  • Slovak: zbabelec — a person who lacks courage
  • Slovak: zbabelkyňa — a person who lacks courage
  • Slovak: bojazlivec — a person who lacks courage
  • Slovak: ustrašenec — a person who lacks courage
  • Slovene: strahopetnež — a person who lacks courage
  • Slovene: strahopetnica — a person who lacks courage
  • Spanish: cobarde — a person who lacks courage
  • Spanish: gallina — a person who lacks courage
  • Swahili: mwoga — a person who lacks courage
  • Swedish: fegis — a person who lacks courage
  • Swedish: mes — a person who lacks courage
  • Tagalog: duwag — a person who lacks courage
  • Tajik: тарсу (tarsu) — a person who lacks courage
  • Tajik: тарсончак (tarsončak) — a person who lacks courage
  • Tajik: номард (nomard) — a person who lacks courage
  • Tajik: буздил (buzdil) — a person who lacks courage
  • Tatar: куркак (qurqaq) — a person who lacks courage
  • Telugu: పిరికివాడు (pirikivāḍu) — a person who lacks courage
  • Thai: คนขี้ขลาด (kon kîi-klàat) — a person who lacks courage
  • Thai: ขี้ขลาด (kîi-klàat) — a person who lacks courage
  • Turkish: korkak — a person who lacks courage
  • Turkish: ödlek — a person who lacks courage
  • Turkish: tabansız — a person who lacks courage
  • Ukrainian: боягу́з (bojahúz) — a person who lacks courage
  • Ukrainian: боягу́зка (bojahúzka) — a person who lacks courage
  • Ukrainian: страхополо́х (straxopolóx) — a person who lacks courage
  • Urdu: بزدل (buzdil) — a person who lacks courage
  • Urdu: ڈرپوک (ḍarpok) — a person who lacks courage
  • Uyghur: قورقۇنچاق (qorqunchaq) — a person who lacks courage
  • Uzbek: qoʻrqoq — a person who lacks courage
  • Vietnamese: người nhát gan — a person who lacks courage
  • Vietnamese: người nhút nhát — a person who lacks courage
  • Volapük: dredöfan — a person who lacks courage
  • Volapük: hidredöfan — a person who lacks courage
  • Volapük: jidredöfan — a person who lacks courage
  • Volapük: dredajiedan — a person who lacks courage
  • Volapük: dredahijiedan — a person who lacks courage
  • Volapük: dredajijiedan — a person who lacks courage
  • Welsh: cachadur — a person who lacks courage
  • Welsh: cachgi — a person who lacks courage
  • Welsh: cachwr — a person who lacks courage
  • Welsh: llwfrgi — a person who lacks courage
  • Welsh: llyfrgi — a person who lacks courage
  • Welsh: cilgi — a person who lacks courage
  • Yiddish: פּחדן (pakhdn) — a person who lacks courage
  • Yiddish: פּחדנטע (pakhdnte) — a person who lacks courage
  • Yiddish: טרוס (trus) — a person who lacks courage
Real reading context

coward in complete knowledge articles