Standard Lemma guide

cowardly

adj · adv · 3 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • UK: /ˈkaʊədli/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • CMU ARPABET: K AW1 ER0 D L IY0 Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

adj

Meaning 1

Showing cowardice; lacking in courage; weakly fearful.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Examples

  • 1780, Edmund Burke, speech at The Guildhall, in Bristol The cowardly rashness of those who dare not look danger in the face.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: craven

Antonyms: none provided

2

adv

Meaning 2

In the manner of a coward, cowardlily.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: archaic

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

adjective

Meaning 3

lacking courage; ignobly timid and faint-hearted- P.B.Shelley

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • cowardly dogs, ye will not aid me then

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: fearful

Antonyms: brave

History

Etymology

From Middle English *cowardly (adjective) and cowardly (adverb), equivalent to coward + -ly. Displaced native Old English earg.

Across languages

Translations

136 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Southern Altai: коркунчаак (korkunčaak) — showing cowardice
  • Arabic: جَبَان (jabān) — showing cowardice
  • Arabic: جبان (gabān) — showing cowardice
  • Armenian: վախկոտ (vaxkot) — showing cowardice
  • Azerbaijani: qorxaq — showing cowardice
  • Bashkir: ҡурҡаҡ (qurqaq) — showing cowardice
  • Basque: koldar — showing cowardice
  • Belarusian: баязлі́вы (bajazlívy) — showing cowardice
  • Bulgarian: страхли́в (strahlív) — showing cowardice
  • Bulgarian: мекуша́в (mekušáv) — showing cowardice
  • Catalan: covard — showing cowardice
  • Chinese Mandarin: 膽小 /胆小 (dǎnxiǎo) — showing cowardice
  • Chinese Mandarin: 膽怯 /胆怯 (dǎnqiè, dǎnquè) — showing cowardice
  • Chinese Mandarin: 懦怯 (nuòqiè) — showing cowardice
  • Chinese Mandarin: 懦弱 (nuòruò) — showing cowardice
  • Czech: zbabělý — showing cowardice
  • Danish: fej — showing cowardice
  • Dutch: laf — showing cowardice
  • Esperanto: malkuraĝa — showing cowardice
  • Esperanto: senkuraĝa — showing cowardice
  • Esperanto: poltrona — showing cowardice
  • Esperanto: kovarda — showing cowardice
  • Finnish: pelkurimainen — showing cowardice
  • Finnish: raukkamainen — showing cowardice
  • French: lâche — showing cowardice
  • French: veule — showing cowardice
  • French: bas — showing cowardice
  • Georgian: მშიშარა (mšišara) — showing cowardice
  • Georgian: მხდალი (mxdali) — showing cowardice
  • German: feige — showing cowardice
  • Greek: δειλός (deilós) — showing cowardice
  • Ancient Greek: δειλός (deilós) — showing cowardice
  • Ancient Greek: ἄσπλαγχνος (ásplankhnos) — showing cowardice
  • Gujarati: કાયર (kāyar) — showing cowardice
  • Gujarati: બીકણ (bīkaṇ) — showing cowardice
  • Hindi: कायर (kāyar) — showing cowardice
  • Hindi: डरपोक (ḍarpok) — showing cowardice
  • Hungarian: gyáva — showing cowardice
  • Icelandic: huglaus — showing cowardice
  • Ingrian: arka — showing cowardice
  • Irish: meata — showing cowardice
  • Italian: codardo — showing cowardice
  • Italian: pusillanime — showing cowardice
  • Italian: vigliacco — showing cowardice
  • Italian: vile — showing cowardice
  • Japanese: へたれ (hetare) — showing cowardice
  • Japanese: 臆病な (okubyō na) — showing cowardice
  • Kazakh: қорқақ (qorqaq) — showing cowardice
  • Khmer: កំសាក (kɑmsaak) — showing cowardice
  • Korean: 겁이 많다 (geob-i manta) — showing cowardice
  • Kyrgyz: коркок (korkok) — showing cowardice
  • Kyrgyz: коркунчаак (korkuncaak) — showing cowardice
  • Latin: īgnāvus — showing cowardice
  • Macedonian: плашлив (plašliv) — showing cowardice
  • Macedonian: кукавички (kukavički) — showing cowardice
  • Manx: faitagh — showing cowardice
  • Māori: hūngoingoi — showing cowardice
  • Māori: hauwarea — showing cowardice
  • Middle English: coward — showing cowardice
  • Mongolian: аймхай (ajmxaj) — showing cowardice
  • Mongolian: хулчгар (xulčgar) — showing cowardice
  • Norman: lâche — showing cowardice
  • Norwegian Bokmål: feig — showing cowardice
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: feig — showing cowardice
  • Old English: earg — showing cowardice
  • Pali: asūra — showing cowardice
  • Pali: bhīru — showing cowardice
  • Pali: bhīruka — showing cowardice
  • Persian: ترسو (tarsu) — showing cowardice
  • Plautdietsch: enjstlich — showing cowardice
  • Polish: tchórzliwy — showing cowardice
  • Portuguese: covarde — showing cowardice
  • Portuguese: cobarde — showing cowardice
  • Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀬𑀭 (kāyara) — showing cowardice
  • Punjabi: ਕਾਇਰ (kāira) — showing cowardice
  • Punjabi: کائر (kā'ir) — showing cowardice
  • Old Punjabi: ਕਾਇਰੁ (kāiru) — showing cowardice
  • Romanian: laș — showing cowardice
  • Romanian: fricos — showing cowardice
  • Romanian: mișel — showing cowardice
  • Russian: трусли́вый (truslívyj) — showing cowardice
  • Russian: малоду́шный (malodúšnyj) — showing cowardice
  • Sanskrit: कातर (kātara) — showing cowardice
  • Sanskrit: कापुरुष (kāpuruṣa) — showing cowardice
  • Sanskrit: भीरु (bhīru) — showing cowardice
  • Serbo-Croatian: ку̏кавички — showing cowardice
  • Serbo-Croatian: kȕkavički — showing cowardice
  • Slovak: zbabelý — showing cowardice
  • Slovene: strahopeten — showing cowardice
  • Spanish: cobarde — showing cowardice
  • Swedish: feg — showing cowardice
  • Tatar: куркак (qurqaq) — showing cowardice
  • Thai: ขี้ขลาด (kîi-klàat) — showing cowardice
  • Thai: ขลาด (klàat) — showing cowardice
  • Thai: ป๊อด (bpɔ́ɔt) — showing cowardice
  • Thai: ปอดแหก — showing cowardice
  • Turkish: korkak — showing cowardice
  • Ottoman Turkish: یوركسز (yüreksiz) — showing cowardice
  • Ottoman Turkish: طبانسز (tabansız) — showing cowardice
  • Ukrainian: боягу́зливий (bojahúzlyvyj) — showing cowardice
  • Ukrainian: боязки́й (bojazkýj) — showing cowardice
  • Ukrainian: боязли́вий (bojazlývyj) — showing cowardice
  • Uyghur: قورقۇنچاق (qorqunchaq) — showing cowardice
  • Uzbek: qoʻrqoq — showing cowardice
  • Uzbek: yuraksiz — showing cowardice
  • Volapük: dredöfik — showing cowardice
  • Yiddish: פּחדניש (pakhdonish) — showing cowardice
  • Catalan: covardament — in the manner of a coward
  • Danish: fej — in the manner of a coward
  • Danish: kujonagtig — in the manner of a coward
  • Danish: krysteragtig — in the manner of a coward
  • Finnish: pelkurimaisesti — in the manner of a coward
  • Finnish: raukkamaisesti — in the manner of a coward
  • French: lâchement — in the manner of a coward
  • German: feige — in the manner of a coward
  • Hindi: कायरतापूर्ण (kāyartāpūrṇ) — in the manner of a coward
  • Hungarian: gyáván — in the manner of a coward
  • Italian: vigliaccamente — in the manner of a coward
  • Italian: pusillanimamente — in the manner of a coward
  • Italian: vilmente — in the manner of a coward
  • Japanese: へたれ (hetare) — in the manner of a coward
  • Middle English: cowardly — in the manner of a coward
  • Norman: lâchement — in the manner of a coward
  • Norwegian Bokmål: feig — in the manner of a coward
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: feig — in the manner of a coward
  • Portuguese: covardemente — in the manner of a coward
  • Portuguese: cobardemente — in the manner of a coward
  • Romanian: laș — in the manner of a coward
  • Russian: трусли́во (truslívo) — in the manner of a coward
  • Russian: малоду́шно (malodúšno) — in the manner of a coward
  • Spanish: cobardemente — in the manner of a coward
  • Volapük: dredöfo — in the manner of a coward
  • Volapük: dredöfiko — in the manner of a coward
  • Volapük: dredöfaniko — in the manner of a coward
  • Volapük: hidredöfaniko — in the manner of a coward
  • Volapük: jidredöfaniko — in the manner of a coward