noun · 3 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot
Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.
Sound
Pronunciation
Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.
Received-Pronunciation:/ˈkɹəʊnɪɪz(ə)m/
Southern-England:Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
General-American:/ˈkɹoʊniˌɪzəm/
CMU ARPABET:K R OW1 N IY0 IH2 Z AH0 M
Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
1
noun
Meaning 1
Favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications; especially (politics), in their appointment to political positions.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, derogatory, uncountable
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: cronydom, wasta
Antonyms: none provided
2
noun
Meaning 2
The condition of being friends; friendship; also, the ability or inclination to make friends.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, obsolete, uncountable
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
3
noun
Meaning 3
favoritism shown to friends and associates (as by appointing them to positions without regard for their qualifications)
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
From crony (“close friend”) + -ism (suffix forming names of a tendency of action, behaviour, condition, opinion, or state belonging to a class or group of persons).
Across languages
Translations
73 source translations are retained for this English entry.
Arabic:
وَاسِطَة
(wāsiṭa)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Arabic:
واسطة
(wāṣṭa)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Catalan:
amiguisme
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Chinese Mandarin:
裙帶關係 /裙带关系
(qúndài guānxì)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Chinese Mandarin:
任人唯亲
(rènrénwéiqīn)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Czech:
trafika
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Dutch:
vriendjespolitiek
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Finnish:
kronyismi
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Finnish:
hyvä veli -järjestelmä
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Finnish:
ystävien suosiminen
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
French:
copinage
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
French:
favoritisme
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Galician:
amiguismo
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Georgian:
ქრონიზმი
(kronizmi)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
German:
Ämterpatronage
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
German:
Freunderlwirtschaft
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
German:
Günstlingswirtschaft
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
German:
Klüngel
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
German:
Nepotismus
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
German:
Vetternwirtschaft
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Greek:
αναξιοκρατία
(anaxiokratía)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Hindi:
दोस्तवाद
(dostavād)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Hungarian:
adok-kapok
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Hungarian:
protekció
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Indonesian:
kronisme
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Italian:
nepotismo
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Japanese:
縁者贔屓
(enjabīki)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Khmer:
សម្លាញ់និយម
(sɑmlañ niyum)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Korean:
정실주의
(jeongsiljuui)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Macedonian:
вр́ски
(vŕski)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Macedonian:
крони́зам
(kronízam)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Macedonian:
непоти́зам
(nepotízam)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Malay:
kronisme
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Mingrelian:
ქრონიზმი
(kronizmi)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Norwegian Bokmål:
kameraderi
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Norwegian Bokmål:
klikkvesen
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Norwegian Bokmål:
nepotisme
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Norwegian Nynorsk:
kameraderi
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Norwegian Nynorsk:
klikkevesen
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Norwegian Nynorsk:
klikkvesen
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Norwegian Nynorsk:
nepotisme
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Persian:
بند «پ»
(band-e "pe")
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Persian:
دوستگماری
(dust-gomâri)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Persian:
پارتی بازی
(pârti-bâzi)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Persian:
آشنابازی
(âšnâ-bâzi)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Polish:
kolesiostwo
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Polish:
kumoterstwo
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Portuguese:
amiguismo
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Portuguese:
fisiologismo
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Romanian:
favoritism
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Russian:
крони́зм
(kronízm)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Russian:
блат
(blat)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Russian:
кумовство́
(kumovstvó)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Russian:
непоти́зм
(nepotízm)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Spanish:
amiguismo
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Spanish:
cuatitud
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Spanish:
dedocracia
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Spanish:
enchufismo
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Spanish:
influyentismo
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Spanish:
dedazo
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Swedish:
svågerpolitik
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Swedish:
vänskapskorruption
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Swedish:
nepotism
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Tagalog:
kroniismo
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Tagalog:
kronismo
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Tagalog:
kroniyismo
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Tajik:
ошнобозӣ
(ošnobozi)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Turkish:
ahbap çavuş ilişkisi
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Ukrainian:
кронізм
(kronizm)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Ukrainian:
кумі́вство
(kumívstvo)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Urdu:
احباب پروری
(ahbāb-parvarī)
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Vietnamese:
chủ nghĩa thân hữu
— favouritism to friends without regard for their qualifications
Finnish:
kyky saada ystäviä
— ability or inclination to make friends