culture

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• British, Received-Pronunciation, Southern, Standard: /ˈkʌlt͡ʃə/
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• British, Received-Pronunciation, Southern, Standard: [ˈkhʌlt͡ʃə]
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• SSB Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• Northern-England: /ˈkʊlt͡ʃə/
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• Northern-England: [ˈkhʊlt͡ʃə]
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• Wales: /ˈkəlt͡ʃə/
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• Wales: [ˈkhəlt͡ʃə]
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• Australian, New-Zealand: /ˈkɐlt͡ʃə/
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• Australian, New-Zealand: [ˈkhɐ̞lt͡ʃə]
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• General-American: /ˈkʌlt͡ʃɚ/
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• General-American: [ˈkhʌlt͡ʃɚ] ~ [ˈkhʌlt͡ʃɹ̩]
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• General-American: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• Scotland: /ˈkʌlt͡ʃəɾ/
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• Scotland: [ˈkhʌlt͡ʃəɾ]
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• rhymes with -ʌltʃə(ɹ)
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• CMU ARPABET: K AH1 L CH ER0 Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *kwelh1- Proto-Indo-European *-eti Proto-Indo-European *kwélh1eti Proto-Italic *kwelō Latin colō Proto-Indo-European *-tew-? Proto-Indo-European *-r-eh2? Latin -tūra Latin cultūrader. Middle French cultureder. English culture From Middle French culture (“cultivation; culture”), from Latin cultūra (“cultivation; culture”), from cultus, perfect passive participle of colō (“till, cultivate, to grow, worship”) (related to colōnus and colōnia), from Proto-Indo-European *kwel- (“to move; to turn (around)”).

289 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Afrikaans: kultuur — arts, customs and habits
• Albanian: rrethanë — arts, customs and habits
• Albanian: doke — arts, customs and habits
• Albanian: kulturë — arts, customs and habits
• Amharic: ባህል (bahl) — arts, customs and habits
• Arabic: ثَقَافَة (ṯaqāfa) — arts, customs and habits
• Arabic: ثقافة (saqāfa, ṯaqāfa) — arts, customs and habits
• Arabic: ثقافة (ṯaqāfa) — arts, customs and habits
• Arabic: ثقافة (taqāfa) — arts, customs and habits
• Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܡܲܪܕܘܼܬܵܐ (mardūtā) — arts, customs and habits
• Armenian: մշակույթ (mšakuytʻ) — arts, customs and habits
• Assamese: সংস্কৃতি (xoṅskriti) — arts, customs and habits
• Asturian: cultura — arts, customs and habits
• Azerbaijani: mədəniyyət — arts, customs and habits
• Bashkir: мәҙәниәт (məźəniət) — arts, customs and habits
• Belarusian: культу́ра (kulʹtúra) — arts, customs and habits
• Bengali: সংস্কৃতি (śoṅskriti) — arts, customs and habits
• Bengali: রসম (rośom) — arts, customs and habits
• Bengali: রেওয়াজ (reōẇaj) — arts, customs and habits
• Bengali: তমদ্দুন (tomoddun) — arts, customs and habits
• Breton: sevenadur — arts, customs and habits
• Bulgarian: култу́ра (kultúra) — arts, customs and habits
• Burmese: ယဉ်ကျေးမှု (yanykye:hmu.) — arts, customs and habits
• Buryat: соёл (sojol) — arts, customs and habits
• Carpathian Rusyn: култу́ра (kultúra) — arts, customs and habits
• Catalan: cultura — arts, customs and habits
• Chechen: оьздангалла (özdangalla) — arts, customs and habits
• Chinese Cantonese: 文化 (man4 faa3) — arts, customs and habits
• Chinese: вынхуа (vɨnhua) — arts, customs and habits
• Eastern Min Chinese: 文化 (ùng-huá) — arts, customs and habits
• Hakka Chinese: 文化 (vùn-fa) — arts, customs and habits
• Chinese: 文化 (zh-min-nan) — arts, customs and habits
• Chinese Mandarin: 文化 (wénhuà) — arts, customs and habits
• Wu Chinese: 文化 — arts, customs and habits
• Chuvash: культура (kulʹtura) — arts, customs and habits
• Coptic: ⲓⲉⲃⲟⲩⲱⲓ (iebouōi) — arts, customs and habits
• Czech: kultura — arts, customs and habits
• Danish: kultur — arts, customs and habits
• Dhivehi: ސަގާފަތު (sagāfatu) — arts, customs and habits
• Dutch: cultuur — arts, customs and habits
• Esperanto: kulturo — arts, customs and habits
• Estonian: kultuur — arts, customs and habits
• Extremaduran: coltura — arts, customs and habits
• Faroese: mentan — arts, customs and habits
• Faroese: mentir — arts, customs and habits
• Faroese: mentun — arts, customs and habits
• Finnish: kulttuuri — arts, customs and habits
• French: culture — arts, customs and habits
• West-Frisian: kultuer — arts, customs and habits
• Galician: cultura — arts, customs and habits
• Georgian: კულტურა (ḳulṭura) — arts, customs and habits
• German: Kultur — arts, customs and habits
• Bavarian German: Kuitua — arts, customs and habits
• Greek: πολιτισμός (politismós) — arts, customs and habits
• Gujarati: સંસ્કૃતિ (sãskŕti) — arts, customs and habits
• Haitian Creole: kilti — arts, customs and habits
• Hawaiian: nā ʻike a me nā hana — arts, customs and habits
• Hebrew: תַּרְבּוּת (tarbút) — arts, customs and habits
• Hindi: संस्कृति (sanskŕti) — arts, customs and habits
• Hungarian: kultúra — arts, customs and habits
• Icelandic: menning — arts, customs and habits
• Ido: kulturo — arts, customs and habits
• Indonesian: budaya — arts, customs and habits
• Ingrian: kulttuura — arts, customs and habits
• Interlingua: cultura — arts, customs and habits
• Irish: cultúr — arts, customs and habits
• Italian: cultura — arts, customs and habits
• Japanese: 文化 (bunka) — arts, customs and habits
• Japanese: カルチャー (karuchā) — arts, customs and habits
• Kalmyk: сойл (soyl) — arts, customs and habits
• Kannada: ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿ (saṃskṛti) — arts, customs and habits
• Kazakh: мәдениет (mädeniet) — arts, customs and habits
• Khmer: វប្បធម៌ (vŏəppaʼthɔə) — arts, customs and habits
• Korean: 문화 (munhwa) — arts, customs and habits
• Northern Kurdish: çande — arts, customs and habits
• Northern Kurdish: kultûr — arts, customs and habits
• Northern Kurdish: irf — arts, customs and habits
• Northern Kurdish: edet — arts, customs and habits
• Kyrgyz: маданият (madaniyat) — arts, customs and habits
• Lao: ວັດທະນະທໍາ (wat tha na tham) — arts, customs and habits
• Latin: cultūra — arts, customs and habits
• Latvian: kultūra — arts, customs and habits
• Ligurian: coltûa — arts, customs and habits
• Lithuanian: kultūra — arts, customs and habits
• Low German: kultur — arts, customs and habits
• Lü: ᦞᧆᦒᦓᦱᦒᧄ (vadthnaatham) — arts, customs and habits
• Macedonian: култу́ра (kultúra) — arts, customs and habits
• Malagasy: kolontsaina — arts, customs and habits
• Malagasy: fomba — arts, customs and habits
• Malay: budaya — arts, customs and habits
• Malayalam: സംസ്ക്കാരം (saṁskkāraṁ) — arts, customs and habits
• Maltese: kultura — arts, customs and habits
• Māori: ahurea — arts, customs and habits
• Māori: tikanga — arts, customs and habits
• Marathi: संस्कृती (sauskŕtī) — arts, customs and habits
• Mongolian: соёл (sojol) — arts, customs and habits
• Mongolian: ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ (soyul) — arts, customs and habits
• Nahuatl: cultura — arts, customs and habits
• Navajo: éʼélʼį́ — arts, customs and habits
• Nepali: संस्कृति (sanskr̥ti) — arts, customs and habits
• Norman: tchulteure — arts, customs and habits
• Norman: tchututhe — arts, customs and habits
• Norwegian Bokmål: kultur — arts, customs and habits
• Norwegian Nynorsk: kultur — arts, customs and habits
• Occitan: cultura — arts, customs and habits
• Odia: ସଂସ୍କୃତି (saṁskruti) — arts, customs and habits
• Pashto: کلتور (kultur) — arts, customs and habits
• Pashto: ثقافت (saqāfat) — arts, customs and habits
• Pashto: فرهنګ (farhang) — arts, customs and habits
• Pashto: کلچر (kalčar) — arts, customs and habits
• Dari: فَرْهَنْگ (farhang) — arts, customs and habits
• Dari: کُولْتُور (kūltūr) — arts, customs and habits
• Iranian Persian: فَرْهَنْگ (farhang) — arts, customs and habits
• Polish: kultura — arts, customs and habits
• Polish: obyczajowość — arts, customs and habits
• Portuguese: cultura — arts, customs and habits
• Punjabi: ਸੰਸਕ੍ਰਿਤੀ (sanskritī) — arts, customs and habits
• Romanian: cultură — arts, customs and habits
• Russian: культу́ра (kulʹtúra) — arts, customs and habits
• Sanskrit: संस्कृति (saṃskṛti) — arts, customs and habits
• Scots: cultur — arts, customs and habits
• Scottish Gaelic: dualchas — arts, customs and habits
• Scottish Gaelic: cultar — arts, customs and habits
• Serbo-Croatian: култу́ра — arts, customs and habits
• Serbo-Croatian: kultúra — arts, customs and habits
• Sicilian: curtura — arts, customs and habits
• Sinhalese: සංස්කෘතිය (saṁskr̥tiya) — arts, customs and habits
• Slovak: kultúra — arts, customs and habits
• Slovene: kultura — arts, customs and habits
• Somali: dhaqan — arts, customs and habits
• Spanish: cultura — arts, customs and habits
• Swahili: utamaduni — arts, customs and habits
• Swedish: kultur — arts, customs and habits
• Tagalog: kultura — arts, customs and habits
• Tagalog: kalinangan — arts, customs and habits
• Tajik: фарҳанг (farhang) — arts, customs and habits
• Tajik: маданият (madaniyat) — arts, customs and habits
• Tajik: култура (kultura) — arts, customs and habits
• Tamil: பண்பாடு (paṇpāṭu) — arts, customs and habits
• Tamil: கலாச்சாரம் (kalāccāram) — arts, customs and habits
• Tatar: мәдәният (mädäniyät) — arts, customs and habits
• Telugu: సంస్కృతి (saṁskr̥ti) — arts, customs and habits
• Thai: วัฒนธรรม (wát-tá-ná-tam) — arts, customs and habits
• Tibetan: རིག་གནས (rig gnas) — arts, customs and habits
• Tigrinya: ባህሊ (bahli) — arts, customs and habits
• Tok Pisin: kalsa — arts, customs and habits
• Tok Pisin: pasin tumbuna — arts, customs and habits
• Tokelauan: aganuku — arts, customs and habits
• Turkish: kültür — arts, customs and habits
• Turkish: hars — arts, customs and habits
• Ottoman Turkish: مدنیت (medeniyyet) — arts, customs and habits
• Turkmen: medeniýet — arts, customs and habits
• Udmurt: лулчеберет (lulćeberet) — arts, customs and habits
• Ukrainian: культу́ра (kulʹtúra) — arts, customs and habits
• Urdu: ثَقافَت (saqāfat) — arts, customs and habits
• Urdu: فَرْہَن٘گ (farhaṅg) — arts, customs and habits
• Urdu: تَہْذِیب (tahzīb) — arts, customs and habits
• Uyghur: مەدەنىيەت (medeniyet) — arts, customs and habits
• Uzbek: madaniyat — arts, customs and habits
• Uzbek: маданият (madaniyat) — arts, customs and habits
• Vietnamese: văn hoá — arts, customs and habits
• Vilamovian: kultür — arts, customs and habits
• Welsh: diwylliant — arts, customs and habits
• Wolaytta: wogaa — arts, customs and habits
• Yiddish: קולטור (kultur) — arts, customs and habits
• Zazaki: kultur (diq) — arts, customs and habits
• Zazaki: ferheng (diq) — arts, customs and habits
• Zazaki: edet (diq) — arts, customs and habits
• Zhuang: vwnzva — arts, customs and habits
• Albanian: kulturë — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Arabic: ثَقَافَة (ṯaqāfa) — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܡܲܪܕܘܼܬܵܐ (mardūtā) — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Bashkir: мәҙәниәт (məźəniət) — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Belarusian: культу́ра (kulʹtúra) — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Bulgarian: култу́ра (kultúra) — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Danish: kultur — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Finnish: kulttuuri — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• German: Kultur — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Bavarian German: Kuitua — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Greek: πολιτισμός (politismós) — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Greek: νοοτροπία (nootropía) — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Hebrew: תַּרְבּוּת (tarbút) — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Hindi: संस्कृति (sanskŕti) — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Hungarian: kultúra — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Kalmyk: сойл (soyl) — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Khmer: វប្បធម៌ (vŏəppaʼthɔə) — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Malagasy: finoana — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Māori: ahurea — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Māori: tikanga — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Norwegian Bokmål: kultur — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Norwegian Nynorsk: kultur — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Northwestern Ojibwa: anishinaabekaa — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Dari: فَرْهَنْگ (farhang) — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Dari: کُولْتُور (kūltūr) — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Iranian Persian: فَرْهَنْگ (farhang) — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Polish: kultura — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Portuguese: cultura — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Romanian: cultură — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Russian: культу́ра (kulʹtúra) — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Scottish Gaelic: cultar — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Serbo-Croatian: култу́ра — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Serbo-Croatian: kultúra — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Sicilian: curtura — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Swedish: kultur — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Tagalog: kultura — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Tagalog: pamumuhay — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Telugu: సంస్కృతి (saṁskr̥ti) — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Telugu: సంప్రదాయము (sampradāyamu) — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Tok Pisin: kalsa — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Tok Pisin: pasin tumbuna — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Turkish: kültür — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Yiddish: קולטור (kultur) — the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life
• Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܡܲܪܕܘܼܬܵܐ (mardūtā) — anthropology: any knowledge passed from one generation to the next
• Belarusian: культу́ра (kulʹtúra) — anthropology: any knowledge passed from one generation to the next
• Bulgarian: култу́ра (kultúra) — anthropology: any knowledge passed from one generation to the next
• Finnish: kulttuuri — anthropology: any knowledge passed from one generation to the next
• Greek: παράδοση (parádosi) — anthropology: any knowledge passed from one generation to the next
• Hebrew: תַּרְבּוּת (tarbút) — anthropology: any knowledge passed from one generation to the next
• Hindi: सभ्यता (sabhyatā) — anthropology: any knowledge passed from one generation to the next
• Hungarian: kultúra — anthropology: any knowledge passed from one generation to the next
• Malagasy: lova — anthropology: any knowledge passed from one generation to the next
• Portuguese: cultura — anthropology: any knowledge passed from one generation to the next
• Romanian: cultură — anthropology: any knowledge passed from one generation to the next
• Russian: культу́ра (kulʹtúra) — anthropology: any knowledge passed from one generation to the next
• Scottish Gaelic: cultar — anthropology: any knowledge passed from one generation to the next
• Serbo-Croatian: култу́ра — anthropology: any knowledge passed from one generation to the next
• Serbo-Croatian: kultúra — anthropology: any knowledge passed from one generation to the next
• Sicilian: curtura — anthropology: any knowledge passed from one generation to the next
• Telugu: వంశానుగతం (vaṁśānugataṁ) — anthropology: any knowledge passed from one generation to the next
• Turkish: kültür — anthropology: any knowledge passed from one generation to the next
• Ukrainian: культу́ра (kulʹtúra) — anthropology: any knowledge passed from one generation to the next
• Belarusian: культу́ра (kulʹtúra) — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• Bulgarian: култу́ра (kultúra) — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• Catalan: cultiu — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• Finnish: viljely — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• Finnish: viljelmä — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• French: culture — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• Greek: καλλιέργεια (kalliérgeia) — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• Hebrew: תַּרְבִּית (tarbít) — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• Hungarian: kultúra — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• Italian: coltura — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• Japanese: 培養 (baiyō) — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• Kazakh: өсінді (ösındı) — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• Macedonian: култу́ра (kultúra) — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• Malagasy: fiompiana — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• Polish: kultura — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• Portuguese: cultura — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• Romanian: cultură — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• Russian: культу́ра (kulʹtúra) — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• Serbo-Croatian: култу́ра — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• Serbo-Croatian: kultúra — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• Sicilian: curtura — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• Spanish: cultivo — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• Ukrainian: культу́ра (kulʹtúra) — microbiology: the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity
• Belarusian: культу́ра (kulʹtúra) — the collective noun for a group of bacteria
• Bulgarian: култу́ра (kultúra) — the collective noun for a group of bacteria
• Finnish: kasvusto — the collective noun for a group of bacteria
• Greek: καλλιέργεια (kalliérgeia) — the collective noun for a group of bacteria
• Hungarian: kultúra — the collective noun for a group of bacteria
• Macedonian: култу́ра (kultúra) — the collective noun for a group of bacteria
• Portuguese: cultura — the collective noun for a group of bacteria
• Romanian: cultură — the collective noun for a group of bacteria
• Russian: культу́ра (kulʹtúra) — the collective noun for a group of bacteria
• Serbo-Croatian: култу́ра — the collective noun for a group of bacteria
• Serbo-Croatian: kultúra — the collective noun for a group of bacteria
• Sicilian: curtura — the collective noun for a group of bacteria
• Swedish: kultur — the collective noun for a group of bacteria
• Telugu: సూక్ష్మ జీవులు (sūkṣma jīvulu) — the collective noun for a group of bacteria
• Turkish: kültür — the collective noun for a group of bacteria
• Ukrainian: культу́ра (kulʹtúra) — the collective noun for a group of bacteria
• Bulgarian: култиви́рам (kultivíram) — to maintain in an environment suitable for growth
• Czech: kultivovat — to maintain in an environment suitable for growth
• Finnish: viljellä — to maintain in an environment suitable for growth
• French: cultiver — to maintain in an environment suitable for growth
• Greek: καλλιεργώ (kalliergó) — to maintain in an environment suitable for growth
• Italian: coltivare — to maintain in an environment suitable for growth
• Macedonian: одгледува (odgleduva) — to maintain in an environment suitable for growth
• Portuguese: cultivar — to maintain in an environment suitable for growth
• Romanian: cultiva — to maintain in an environment suitable for growth
• Russian: культивировать (kulʹtivirovatʹ) — to maintain in an environment suitable for growth
• Russian: возделывать (vozdelyvatʹ) — to maintain in an environment suitable for growth
• Spanish: cultivar — to maintain in an environment suitable for growth
• Telugu: అనుకూల వాతావరణం (anukūla vātāvaraṇaṁ) — to maintain in an environment suitable for growth
• Finnish: sivistää — to increase the artistic or scientific interest
• Greek: καλλιεργώ (kalliergó) — to increase the artistic or scientific interest
• Hebrew: תִּרְבֵּת (tirbét) — to increase the artistic or scientific interest
• Romanian: cultiva — to increase the artistic or scientific interest
• Romanian: culturaliza — to increase the artistic or scientific interest
• Telugu: శాస్త్రీయ అభివృద్ధి (śāstrīya abhivr̥ddhi) — to increase the artistic or scientific interest