Standard Lemma guide

cumbersome

adj · 6 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈkʌmbəsəm/
  • US: /ˈkʌmbɚsəm/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -ʌmbə(ɹ)səm
  • CMU ARPABET: K AH1 M B ER0 S AH0 M Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

adj

Meaning 1

Burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

adj

Meaning 2

Not easily managed or handled; awkward or clumsy.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Examples

  • Cumbersome machines can endanger operators and slow down production.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

adj

Meaning 3

Hard, difficult, and demanding to handle or get around with.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Examples

  • A slave’s work was as cumbersome as toiling on the fields, or in the mines.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

adj

Meaning 4

Inert, lumbering, or slow in movement.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

adjective satellite

Meaning 5

not elegant or graceful in expression

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • an awkward prose style
  • a clumsy apology
  • his cumbersome writing style
  • if the rumor is true, can anything be more inept than to repeat it now?

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: awkward, clumsy, inapt, inept, ill-chosen

Antonyms: none provided

6

adjective satellite

Meaning 6

difficult to handle or use especially because of size or weight

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • a cumbersome piece of machinery
  • cumbrous protective clothing

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: cumbrous

Antonyms: none provided

History

Etymology

From Middle English cumbyrsum, cummyrsum; equivalent to cumber (“hindrance”) + -some. Compare encumber and incumbent.

Across languages

Translations

108 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Afrikaans: hinderlik — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Afrikaans: moeilik — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Bulgarian: тежък (težǎk) — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Bulgarian: обременителен (obremenitelen) — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Chinese Mandarin: 繁瑣 /繁琐 (fánsuǒ) — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Chinese Mandarin: 繁重 (fánzhòng) — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Dutch: hinderlijk — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Dutch: lastig — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Dutch: moeilijk — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Dutch: moeizaam — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Dutch: zwaar — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Dzongkha: ལྗིད་ཅན (ljid can) — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Finnish: vaivalloinen — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Finnish: hankala — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • French: encombrant — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Galician: pesado — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Galician: custoso — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Galician: traballoso — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • German: hinderlich, lästig — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • German: mühsam — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • German: beschwerlich — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Hungarian: bumfordi — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Italian: ingombrante — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Korean: 주체스럽다 (jucheseureopda) — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Korean: 불편하다 (bulpyeonhada) — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Macedonian: те́жок (téžok) — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Māori: hīrawerawe — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Polish: uciążliwy — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Portuguese: incómodo — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Portuguese: incômodo — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Russian: обремени́тельный (obremenítelʹnyj) — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Russian: затрудни́тельный (zatrudnítelʹnyj) — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Russian: тя́гостный (tjágostnyj) — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Spanish: pesado — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Spanish: cargante — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Spanish: penoso — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Spanish: oneroso — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Swedish: otymplig — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Turkish: külfetli — burdensome or hindering, as if a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
  • Afrikaans: onhandig — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Afrikaans: moeilik — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Bulgarian: неудобен (neudoben) — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Chinese Mandarin: 笨重 (bènzhòng) — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Chinese Mandarin: 麻煩 /麻烦 (máfan) — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Dutch: lastig — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Dutch: moeilijk — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Dutch: moeizaam — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Dutch: onhandig — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Dutch: zwaar — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Dutch: omslachtig — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Finnish: kömpelö — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Finnish: hankalasti käsiteltävä — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Finnish: hankalakäyttöinen — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Galician: aparatoso — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • German: sperrig — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • German: umständlich — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Hungarian: nehézkes — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Irish: anásta — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Italian: difficile da usare — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Italian: macchinoso — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Macedonian: о́бемен (óbemen) — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Macedonian: неу́добен (neúdoben) — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Norwegian Bokmål: uhåndterlig — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Plautdietsch: schwoafalich — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Polish: nieporęczny — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Polish: niewygodny — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Portuguese: desajeitado — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Russian: громо́здкий (gromózdkij) — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Russian: неудо́бный (neudóbnyj) — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Spanish: aparatoso — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Spanish: abultado — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Turkish: zor taşınır — not easily managed or handled; awkward
  • Afrikaans: moeilik — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • Chinese Cantonese: 麻煩 /麻烦 (maa4 faan4) — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • Chinese Mandarin: 麻煩 /麻烦 (máfan) — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • Dutch: lastig — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • Dutch: moeilijk — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • Dutch: moeizaam — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • Finnish: vaivalloinen — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • Finnish: rasittava — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • French: pénible — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • French: fastidieux — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • German: schwierig — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • Hungarian: nehéz — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • Italian: difficile — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • Italian: farraginoso — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • Italian: complesso — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • Polish: nieporęczny — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • Russian: сло́жный (slóžnyj) — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • Russian: проблематичный (problematičnyj) — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • Spanish: farragoso — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • Spanish: dispendioso — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • Spanish: engorroso — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • Turkish: zor — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • Ottoman Turkish: دشوار (düşvâr) — hard, difficult, demanding to handle
  • Dutch: log — inert, lumbering, slow in movement
  • Dutch: lastig — inert, lumbering, slow in movement
  • Finnish: kömpelö — inert, lumbering, slow in movement
  • French: lourd — inert, lumbering, slow in movement
  • French: lent — inert, lumbering, slow in movement
  • German: schwerfällig — inert, lumbering, slow in movement
  • Hungarian: lomha — inert, lumbering, slow in movement
  • Italian: gravoso — inert, lumbering, slow in movement
  • Russian: объёмный (obʺjómnyj) — inert, lumbering, slow in movement
  • Russian: грузный (gruznyj) — inert, lumbering, slow in movement
  • Russian: объёмистый (obʺjómistyj) — inert, lumbering, slow in movement
  • Turkish: ağır — inert, lumbering, slow in movement
  • Turkish: hantal — inert, lumbering, slow in movement