Standard Lemma guide

decompose

verb · 5 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • dē"kəm-pōzʹ
  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˌdiːkəmˈpəʊz/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • Canada, General-American: /ˌdikəmˈpoʊz/
  • Australian: /ˌdiːkəmˈpəʉz/
  • Australian: [ˌdiːkəmˈpɐʉz] some speakers
  • New-Zealand: /ˌdiːkəmˈpɐʉz/
  • rhymes with -əʊz
  • CMU ARPABET: D IY2 K AH0 M P OW1 Z Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

verb

Meaning 1

To separate or break down (something) into its components.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • Various fungi can decompose wood.
  • Our team decomposed this task into several subtasks that could be successfully distributed.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: disintegrate, fragment

Antonyms: compose, assemble, recompose

2

verb

Meaning 2

To rot, decay or putrefy.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

Examples

  • Plastics can take centuries to decompose.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: break down

Antonyms: none provided

3

verb

Meaning 3

separate (substances) into constituent elements or parts

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: break up, break down

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: separate

Narrower terms: digest, dissociate, crack

4

verb

Meaning 4

break down

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • The bodies decomposed in the heat

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: rot, molder, moulder

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: decay

Narrower terms: biodegrade, hang

5

verb

Meaning 5

lose a stored charge, magnetic flux, or current

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • the particles disintegrated during the nuclear fission process

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: disintegrate, decay

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: change integrity

History

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French décomposer. Equivalent to de- + compose.

Across languages

Translations

77 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Bulgarian: разглобявам (razglobjavam) — to separate
  • Catalan: descompondre — to separate
  • Chinese Mandarin: 分解 (fēnjiě) — to separate
  • Czech: rozložit — to separate
  • Dutch: ontbinden — to separate
  • Estonian: lagundama — to separate
  • Finnish: hajottaa — to separate
  • French: décomposer — to separate
  • Galician: descompor — to separate
  • German: zerlegen — to separate
  • German: zerteilen — to separate
  • German: teilen — to separate
  • German: desintegrieren — to separate
  • German: dekomponieren — to separate
  • Hindi: विघटन (vighṭan) — to separate
  • Italian: decomporre — to separate
  • Japanese: ばらす (barasu) — to separate
  • Japanese: 分解する (bunkai suru) — to separate
  • Māori: whakapirau — to separate
  • Polish: rozkładać — to separate
  • Polish: rozłożyć — to separate
  • Portuguese: decompor — to separate
  • Portuguese: descompor — to separate
  • Romanian: descompune — to separate
  • Russian: разлага́ть (razlagátʹ) — to separate
  • Russian: разложи́ть (razložítʹ) — to separate
  • Russian: разбира́ть (razbirátʹ) — to separate
  • Russian: разобра́ть (razobrátʹ) — to separate
  • Spanish: descomponer — to separate
  • Ukrainian: розклада́ти (rozkladáty) — to separate
  • Ukrainian: розкла́сти (rozklásty) — to separate
  • Ukrainian: розбирати (rozbyraty) — to separate
  • Ukrainian: розібрати (rozibraty) — to separate
  • Arabic: تَحَلَّلَ (taḥallala) — to decay
  • Bulgarian: разлагам се (razlagam se) — to decay
  • Catalan: descompondre — to decay
  • Chinese Mandarin: 腐爛 /腐烂 (fǔlàn) — to decay
  • Dutch: ontbinden — to decay
  • Dutch: vergaan — to decay
  • Dutch: verrotten — to decay
  • Estonian: kõdunema — to decay
  • Finnish: maatua — to decay
  • Finnish: lahota — to decay
  • Finnish: mädäntyä — to decay
  • Finnish: mädätä — to decay
  • French: se décomposer — to decay
  • German: verrotten — to decay
  • German: verfallen — to decay
  • German: verfaulen — to decay
  • German: zerfallen — to decay
  • German: sich zersetzen — to decay
  • Greek: αποσυντίθεμαι (aposyntíthemai) — to decay
  • Greek: σαπίζω (sapízo) — to decay
  • Greek: λιώνω (lióno) — to decay
  • Hawaiian: hoʻohāpopopo — to decay
  • Hindi: अपघटन (apaghṭan) — to decay
  • Hungarian: lebomlik — to decay
  • Italian: decomporsi — to decay
  • Japanese: 腐る (kusaru) — to decay
  • Japanese: 分解する (bunkai suru) — to decay
  • Macedonian: распадне (raspadne) — to decay
  • Polish: rozłożyć się — to decay
  • Polish: rozkładać się — to decay
  • Polish: rozpadać się — to decay
  • Portuguese: decompor — to decay
  • Romanian: descompune — to decay
  • Russian: разлага́ться (razlagátʹsja) — to decay
  • Russian: разложи́ться (razložítʹsja) — to decay
  • Spanish: descomponerse — to decay
  • Tagalog: maagnas — to decay
  • Turkish: sasımak — to decay
  • Ukrainian: розпадатися (rozpadatysja) — to decay
  • Ukrainian: розпастися (rozpastysja) — to decay
  • Ukrainian: розклада́тися (rozkladátysja) — to decay
  • Ukrainian: розкла́стися (rozklástysja) — to decay
  • Ukrainian: розлагатися (rozlahatysja) — to decay
  • Ukrainian: розложитися (rozložytysja) — to decay