Standard Lemma guide

deliberate

adj · verb · 10 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • dĭlĭbʹ(ə)rət
  • Received-Pronunciation: /dɪˈlɪb.(ə.)ɹət/
  • Canada, General-American: /dɪˈlɪb.ɚ.ət/
  • Canada, General-American: /dɪˈlɪb.(ə.)ɹət/
  • dəlĭbʹ(ə)rət weak vowel merger
  • /dəˈlɪb.ɚ.ət/ weak vowel merger
  • /dəˈlɪb.(ə.)ɹət/ weak vowel merger
  • California: /dɪˈlɪb.ə.ɹət/
  • California: [dɪˈlɪb.ɹət]
  • [dɪˈlɪb.ɹɪt] weak vowel merger
  • [dɪˈlɪb.ɹɛt] weak vowel merger; California Vowel Shift
  • Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • Australian: /dəˈlɪb.(ə.)ɹət/
  • New-Zealand: /dəˈləb.(ə.)ɹət/
  • dĭlĭbʹərāt
  • Received-Pronunciation: /dɪˈlɪb.ə.ɹeɪt/
  • Canada, General-American: /dɪˈlɪb.ə.ɹeɪt/
  • Canada, General-American: /dɪˈlɪb.ɚ.eɪt/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • dəlĭbʹərāt weak vowel merger
  • /dəˈlɪb.ə.ɹeɪt/ weak vowel merger
  • /dəˈlɪb.ɚ.eɪt/ weak vowel merger
  • Australian: /dəˈlɪb.ə.ɹæɪt/
  • New-Zealand: /dəˈləb.ə.ɹæɪt/
  • CMU ARPABET: D IH0 L IH1 B ER0 AH0 T Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
  • CMU ARPABET 2: D IH0 L IH1 B ER0 EY2 T Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
  • CMU ARPABET 3: D IH0 L IH1 B R AH0 T Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

adj

Meaning 1

Done on purpose; intentional.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Examples

  • a deliberate attempt to cover up his crime

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: purposeful, volitional, advertent, conscious, witting, deliberate, intentional, on purpose, purposive, volitational, voluntary, wilful

Antonyms: unintentional, unwitting

2

adj

Meaning 2

Formed with deliberation; carefully considered; not sudden or rash.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Examples

  • a deliberate opinion; a deliberate measure or result

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: careful, cautious, well-advised, alert, attentive, cautelous, canny, chary, circumspect, conservative, deliberate, discreet, guarded, heedful, heedy, hesitant, meticulous, mindful, prudent, reckful, safe, sensible, shy, slow, tentative, timid, timorous, wary

Antonyms: none provided

3

adj

Meaning 3

Of a person, weighing facts and arguments with a view to a choice or decision; carefully considering the probable consequences of a step; slow in determining.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Examples

  • The jury took eight hours to come to its deliberate verdict.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: circumspect, thoughtful

Antonyms: none provided

4

adj

Meaning 4

Not hasty or sudden; slow.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

verb

Meaning 5

To consider carefully; to weigh well in the mind.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • It is now time for the jury to deliberate the guilt of the defendant.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

verb

Meaning 6

To consider the reasons for and against anything; to reflect.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

adjective satellite

Meaning 7

unhurried and with care and dignity

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • walking at the same measured pace
  • with all deliberate speed

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: careful, measured

Antonyms: none provided

8

adjective satellite

Meaning 8

carefully thought out in advance

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • a calculated insult
  • with measured irony

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: calculated, measured

Antonyms: none provided

9

verb

Meaning 9

discuss the pros and cons of an issue

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: debate

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: hash out, discuss, talk over

Narrower terms: vex

10

verb

Meaning 10

think about carefully; weigh

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • They considered the possibility of a strike
  • Turn the proposal over in your mind

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: consider, debate, moot, turn over

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: hash out, discuss, talk over

Narrower terms: see, premeditate, debate, wrestle, think twice

History

Etymology

Inherited from Middle English deliberat(e), borrowed from Latin dēlīberātus, perfect passive participle of dēlīberō (“to consider, weigh well”) (see -ate (adjective-forming suffix) and -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from dē- + *līberō / lībrō (“to weigh”)), from *libera / libra (“a balance”); see librate. Doublet of deliber.

Across languages

Translations

199 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Belarusian: наўмы́сны (nawmýsny) — intentional
  • Bulgarian: уми́шлен (umíšlen) — intentional
  • Bulgarian: преднаме́рен (prednaméren) — intentional
  • Catalan: deliberat — intentional
  • Chinese Cantonese: 故意 (gu3 ji3) — intentional
  • Chinese Cantonese: 特登 — intentional
  • Chinese Cantonese: 專登 /专登 — intentional
  • Chinese: 刁工 (zh-min-nan) — intentional
  • Chinese Mandarin: 故意 (gùyì) — intentional
  • Chinese Mandarin: 蓄意 (xùyì) — intentional
  • Chinese Mandarin: 有意 (yǒuyì) — intentional
  • Chinese Mandarin: 刻意 (kèyì) — intentional
  • Chinese Mandarin: 存心 (cúnxīn) — intentional
  • Czech: úmyslný — intentional
  • Czech: záměrný — intentional
  • Danish: forsætlig — intentional
  • Danish: bevidst — intentional
  • Danish: overlagt — intentional
  • Dutch: opzettelijk — intentional
  • Dutch: opzettelijke — intentional
  • Dutch: met opzet — intentional
  • Dutch: voor expres — intentional
  • Finnish: tarkoituksellinen — intentional
  • Finnish: tahallinen — intentional
  • French: délibéré — intentional
  • Galician: deliberado — intentional
  • German: absichtlich — intentional
  • German: bewusst — intentional
  • German: vorsätzlich — intentional
  • Greek: εσκεμμένος (eskemménos) — intentional
  • Hebrew: מכוון (mekhuvan) — intentional
  • Hungarian: szándékos — intentional
  • Indonesian: sengaja — intentional
  • Italian: premeditato — intentional
  • Italian: intenzionale — intentional
  • Italian: voluto — intentional
  • Japanese: 故意の (koi no) — intentional
  • Japanese: 作為的 (sakuteki) — intentional
  • Latin: ultrōneus — intentional
  • Macedonian: на́мерен (námeren) — intentional
  • Macedonian: у́мислен (úmislen) — intentional
  • Māori: whakaānewanewa — intentional
  • Māori: ngaio — intentional
  • Māori: mārika — intentional
  • Norman: délibéthé — intentional
  • Norwegian: med vilje — intentional
  • Polish: celowy — intentional
  • Polish: rozmyślny — intentional
  • Polish: świadomy — intentional
  • Polish: umyślny — intentional
  • Polish: zamierzony — intentional
  • Portuguese: intencional — intentional
  • Portuguese: proposital — intentional
  • Portuguese: de propósito — intentional
  • Portuguese: deliberado — intentional
  • Romanian: deliberat — intentional
  • Romanian: intenționat — intentional
  • Romanian: voit — intentional
  • Russian: умы́шленный (umýšlennyj) — intentional
  • Russian: преднаме́ренный (prednamérennyj) — intentional
  • Russian: наме́ренный (namérennyj) — intentional
  • Serbo-Croatian: намеран — intentional
  • Serbo-Croatian: намјеран — intentional
  • Serbo-Croatian: nameran — intentional
  • Serbo-Croatian: namjeran — intentional
  • Slovak: zámerný — intentional
  • Slovak: úmyselný — intentional
  • Slovene: nameren — intentional
  • Spanish: deliberado — intentional
  • Swedish: avsiktlig — intentional
  • Swedish: medveten — intentional
  • Tagalog: sadya — intentional
  • Tagalog: intensiyonal — intentional
  • Turkish: kasıtlı — intentional
  • Turkish: istemli — intentional
  • Turkish: kasti — intentional
  • Ukrainian: навми́сний (navmýsnyj) — intentional
  • Ukrainian: уми́сний (umýsnyj) — intentional
  • Bulgarian: далновиден (dalnoviden) — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Bulgarian: пресметлив (presmetliv) — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Bulgarian: разсъдлив (razsǎdliv) — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Bulgarian: прозорлив (prozorliv) — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Bulgarian: предвидлив (predvidliv) — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Bulgarian: благоразумен (blagorazumen) — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Chinese Mandarin: 謹慎 /谨慎 (jǐnshèn) — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Chinese Mandarin: 審慎 /审慎 (shěnshèn) — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Chinese Mandarin: 慎重 (shènzhòng) — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Czech: rozvážný — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Czech: váhavý — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Danish: velovervejet — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Danish: gennemtænkt — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Finnish: harkitseva — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • German: wohlerwogen — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • German: wohlüberlegt — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Hindi: मंथन (manthan) — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Hungarian: megfontolt — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Hungarian: körültekintő — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Japanese: 慎重 (shinchō) — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Macedonian: ра́судлив (rásudliv) — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Māori: hakune — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Norwegian: overveid — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Polish: niespieszny — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Polish: nieśpieszny — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Polish: przemyślany — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Polish: rozważny — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Portuguese: deliberado — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Russian: осмотри́тельный (osmotrítelʹnyj) — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Russian: рассуди́тельный (rassudítelʹnyj) — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Russian: осторо́жный (ostoróžnyj) — of a person, carefully considering the probable consequences of a step
  • Bulgarian: обми́слен (obmíslen) — carefully considered
  • Czech: promyšlený — carefully considered
  • Danish: velovervejet — carefully considered
  • Danish: gennemtænkt — carefully considered
  • Dutch: doordacht — carefully considered
  • Dutch: doordachte — carefully considered
  • Dutch: weloverwogen — carefully considered
  • Finnish: harkittu — carefully considered
  • French: concerté — carefully considered
  • German: wohlerwogen — carefully considered
  • German: wohlüberlegt — carefully considered
  • German: überlegt — carefully considered
  • Hungarian: megfontolt — carefully considered
  • Hungarian: átgondolt — carefully considered
  • Hungarian: körültekintő — carefully considered
  • Japanese: 思慮深い (shiryobukai) — carefully considered
  • Macedonian: о́бмислен (óbmislen) — carefully considered
  • Macedonian: за́мислен (zámislen) — carefully considered
  • Māori: hakune — carefully considered
  • Māori: ngaio — carefully considered
  • Norwegian: veloverveid — carefully considered
  • Polish: przemyślany — carefully considered
  • Portuguese: deliberado — carefully considered
  • Russian: обду́манный (obdúmannyj) — carefully considered
  • Russian: осо́знанный (osóznannyj) — carefully considered
  • Russian: взве́шенный (vzvéšennyj) — carefully considered
  • Spanish: prudente — carefully considered
  • Bulgarian: обми́слен (obmíslen) — not hasty or sudden
  • Czech: neuspěchaný — not hasty or sudden
  • Czech: rozvážný — not hasty or sudden
  • Danish: langsom — not hasty or sudden
  • Danish: sindig — not hasty or sudden
  • Danish: rolig — not hasty or sudden
  • Finnish: verkkainen — not hasty or sudden
  • Finnish: harkittu — not hasty or sudden
  • French: délibéré — not hasty or sudden
  • German: bedacht — not hasty or sudden
  • German: bedachtsam — not hasty or sudden
  • German: vorsichtig — not hasty or sudden
  • Japanese: 慎重 (shinchō) — not hasty or sudden
  • Māori: mauritau — not hasty or sudden
  • Norman: délibéthé — not hasty or sudden
  • Polish: niespieszny — not hasty or sudden
  • Polish: nieśpieszny — not hasty or sudden
  • Portuguese: calculado — not hasty or sudden
  • Russian: неспе́шный (nespéšnyj) — not hasty or sudden
  • Russian: разме́ренный (razmérennyj) — not hasty or sudden
  • Russian: осо́знанный (osóznannyj) — not hasty or sudden
  • Arabic: اِئْتَمَرَ (iʔtamara) — consider carefully
  • Bulgarian: обмислям (obmisljam) — consider carefully
  • Czech: zvažovat — consider carefully
  • Danish: overveje — consider carefully
  • Dutch: beraadslagen — consider carefully
  • Dutch: overwegen — consider carefully
  • Dutch: doordenken — consider carefully
  • Finnish: harkita — consider carefully
  • Finnish: puntaroida — consider carefully
  • Finnish: pohtia — consider carefully
  • French: délibérer — consider carefully
  • Galician: deliberar — consider carefully
  • German: erwägen — consider carefully
  • German: beraten — consider carefully
  • German: abwägen — consider carefully
  • German: überlegen — consider carefully
  • Gothic: 𐌼𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌽 (mitōn) — consider carefully
  • Hindi: मंथन करना (manthan karnā) — consider carefully
  • Hungarian: megfontol — consider carefully
  • Japanese: 熟慮する (jukuryosuru) — consider carefully
  • Latin: dēlīberō — consider carefully
  • Lithuanian: svarstyti — consider carefully
  • Lithuanian: apsvarstyti — consider carefully
  • Lithuanian: pasverti — consider carefully
  • Māori: whakaraupeka — consider carefully
  • Māori: whakarau kakai — consider carefully
  • Māori: ngārehu — consider carefully
  • Māori: ngārahu — consider carefully
  • Māori: kohuki — consider carefully
  • Norwegian Bokmål: overveie — consider carefully
  • Norwegian Bokmål: overlegge — consider carefully
  • Norwegian Bokmål: drøfte — consider carefully
  • Portuguese: deliberar — consider carefully
  • Romanian: delibera — consider carefully
  • Romanian: consfătui — consider carefully
  • Russian: обду́мывать (obdúmyvatʹ) — consider carefully
  • Scottish Gaelic: meòraich — consider carefully
  • Spanish: deliberar — consider carefully
  • Spanish: reflexionar — consider carefully
  • Spanish: elucubrar — consider carefully
  • Swedish: överlägga — consider carefully
  • Swedish: rådslå — consider carefully
Real reading context

deliberate in complete knowledge articles