Standard Lemma guide

dementia

noun · 3 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /dɪˈmɛnʃə/
  • UK: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -ɛnʃə
  • CMU ARPABET: D IH0 M EH1 N SH IY0 AH0 Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

A progressive decline in cognitive function due to damage or disease in the brain beyond what might be expected from normal aging. Areas particularly affected include memory, attention, judgement, language and problem solving.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: uncountable, usually

Topics: medicine, pathology, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

Madness or insanity.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: uncountable, usually

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

mental deterioration of organic or functional origin

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: dementedness

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: insanity

Narrower terms: alcoholic dementia, alcohol amnestic disorder, Korsakoff's psychosis, Korsakoff's syndrome, Korsakov's psychosis, Korsakov's syndrome, polyneuritic psychosis, presenile dementia, senile dementia, senile psychosis

History

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *de Proto-Indo-European *-h1 Proto-Indo-European *déh1 Proto-Italic *dē Latin dē Latin dē- Proto-Indo-European *men- Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *méntis Proto-Italic *mentis Latin mēns Latin dēment- Proto-Indo-European *-(i)yós Proto-Italic *-ijos Proto-Italic *-ios Old Latin -ios Latin -ius Latin -ia Latin dēmentiabor. English dementia Borrowed from Latin dēmentia.

Across languages

Translations

56 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Arabic: خَرَف (ḵaraf) — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Azerbaijani: demensiya — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Bulgarian: деме́нция (deméncija) — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Catalan: demència — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Chinese Mandarin: 癡呆 /痴呆 (chīdāi) — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Chinese Mandarin: 失智症 (shīzhìzhèng) — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Cornish: demencya — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Czech: demence — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Danish: demens — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Dutch: dementie — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Esperanto: demenco — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Finnish: dementia — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • French: démence — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Georgian: დემენცია (demencia) — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • German: Demenz — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Greek: άνοια (ánoia) — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Hindi: मनोभ्रंश (manobhrañś) — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Hungarian: elbutulás — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Icelandic: heilabilun — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Ido: dementeso — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Irish: néaltrú — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Italian: demenza — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Japanese: 認知症 (ninchishō) — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Kazakh: ақыл кемдігі (aqyl kemdıgı) — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Korean: 치매 (chimae) — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Lithuanian: silpnaprotystė — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Māori: mate wareware — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Māori: mate korongenge — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Persian: زوال عقل (zavâl-e 'aql) — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Persian: دمانس (demâns) — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Polish: demencja — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Polish: otępienie — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Portuguese: demência — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Russian: деме́нция (deméncija) — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Russian: слабоу́мие (slaboúmije) — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Spanish: demencia — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Swedish: demens — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Turkish: demans — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Ukrainian: деме́нція (deméncija) — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Ukrainian: слабоу́мство (slaboúmstvo) — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Vietnamese: suy giảm trí nhớ — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Vietnamese: chứng mất trí — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Welsh: gorffwylltra — progressive decline in cognitive function
  • Bulgarian: слабоу́мие (slaboúmie) — madness or insanity
  • Chinese Mandarin: 瘋病 /疯病 (fēngbìng) — madness or insanity
  • Esperanto: demenco — madness or insanity
  • French: démence — madness or insanity
  • Greek: άνοια (ánoia) — madness or insanity
  • Hungarian: ostobaság — madness or insanity
  • Lithuanian: demencija — madness or insanity
  • Portuguese: demência — madness or insanity
  • Portuguese: insanidade — madness or insanity
  • Portuguese: loucura — madness or insanity
  • Russian: слабоу́мие (slaboúmije) — madness or insanity
  • Spanish: demencia — madness or insanity
  • Spanish: locura — madness or insanity
Real reading context

dementia in complete knowledge articles