Standard Lemma guide

distress

noun · verb · 15 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /dɪˈstɹɛs/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -ɛs
  • CMU ARPABET: D IH0 S T R EH1 S Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

Physical or emotional discomfort, suffering, or alarm, particularly of a more acute nature.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: anguish, torment

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

A cause of such discomfort.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: hardship, sorrow, affliction, aggrievance, distress, grief, grievance, misery, ruth, sadness, undelight, vexation, woe, wrong

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

Serious danger.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: jeopardy, peril, adventure, danger, distress, harm's way, threat, menace, hazard

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

An aversive state of stress to which a person cannot fully adapt.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: human-sciences, medicine, psychology, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: eustress

5

noun

Meaning 5

A seizing of property without legal process to force payment of a debt.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: law

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

The thing taken by distraining; that which is seized to procure satisfaction.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: law

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

verb

Meaning 7

To cause strain or anxiety to someone.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: anguish, harrow, trouble, vex, torment, tantalize, tantalise, martyr, wring, gnaw, afflict, lacerate, aggrieve, plague, atray, cag, distress, engrieve, grame, harass, harry, rend

Antonyms: none provided

8

verb

Meaning 8

To retain someone’s property against the payment of a debt; to distrain.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: law

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: distrain

Antonyms: none provided

9

verb

Meaning 9

To treat a new object to give it an appearance of age.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Examples

  • a pair of distressed jeans
  • She distressed the new media cabinet so that it fit with the other furniture in the room.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: age, antique, patinate

Antonyms: none provided

10

noun

Meaning 10

the seizure and holding of property as security for payment of a debt or satisfaction of a claim

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • Originally distress was a landlord's remedy against a tenant for unpaid rents or property damage but now the landlord is given a landlord's lien

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: distraint

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: seizure

11

noun

Meaning 11

psychological suffering

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • the death of his wife caused him great distress

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: hurt, suffering

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: pain, painfulness

Narrower terms: anguish, torment, torture, self-torture, self-torment, tsoris, wound

12

noun

Meaning 12

extreme physical pain

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • the patient appeared to be in distress

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: pain, hurting

13

noun

Meaning 13

a state of adversity (danger or affliction or need)

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • a ship in distress
  • she was the classic maiden in distress

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: adversity, hardship, hard knocks

Narrower terms: anguish, pressure, throe

14

verb

Meaning 14

cause mental pain to

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • The news of her child's illness distressed the mother

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: disturb, upset, trouble

Narrower terms: besiege

15

verb

Meaning 15

bring into difficulties or distress, especially financial hardship

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: straiten

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: trouble, put out, inconvenience, disoblige, discommode, incommode, bother

History

Etymology

The verb is from Middle English distressen, from Old French destrecier (“to restrain, constrain, put in straits, afflict, distress”); compare French détresse. Ultimately from Medieval Latin as if *districtiō, an assumed frequentative form of Latin distringō (“to pull asunder, stretch out”), from dis- (“apart”) + stringō (“to draw tight, strain”). The noun is from Middle English distresse, from Old French destrece, ultimately also from Latin distringō.

Across languages

Translations

246 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Esperanto: ĉagreno — Physical or emotional discomfort, suffering, or alarm, particularly of a more acute nature.
  • German: Bedrängnis — Physical or emotional discomfort, suffering, or alarm, particularly of a more acute nature.
  • German: Elend — Physical or emotional discomfort, suffering, or alarm, particularly of a more acute nature.
  • German: Not — Physical or emotional discomfort, suffering, or alarm, particularly of a more acute nature.
  • German: Unbehagen — Physical or emotional discomfort, suffering, or alarm, particularly of a more acute nature.
  • German: Kummer — Physical or emotional discomfort, suffering, or alarm, particularly of a more acute nature.
  • German: Verzweiflung — Physical or emotional discomfort, suffering, or alarm, particularly of a more acute nature.
  • Macedonian: бо́лка (bólka) — Physical or emotional discomfort, suffering, or alarm, particularly of a more acute nature.
  • Macedonian: стра́дање (strádanje) — Physical or emotional discomfort, suffering, or alarm, particularly of a more acute nature.
  • Māori: hūhi — Physical or emotional discomfort, suffering, or alarm, particularly of a more acute nature.
  • Spanish: distrés — Physical or emotional discomfort, suffering, or alarm, particularly of a more acute nature.
  • Turkish: bun — Physical or emotional discomfort, suffering, or alarm, particularly of a more acute nature.
  • Turkish: kaygı — Physical or emotional discomfort, suffering, or alarm, particularly of a more acute nature.
  • Turkish: sıkıntı — Physical or emotional discomfort, suffering, or alarm, particularly of a more acute nature.
  • Ottoman Turkish: اضطراب (ıztırâb) — Physical or emotional discomfort, suffering, or alarm, particularly of a more acute nature.
  • Ottoman Turkish: قلق (kalak) — Physical or emotional discomfort, suffering, or alarm, particularly of a more acute nature.
  • Arabic: مِحْنَة (miḥna) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Catalan: aflicció — (cause of) discomfort
  • Catalan: angoixa — (cause of) discomfort
  • Catalan: angúnia — (cause of) discomfort
  • Ngazidja Comorian: mswiɓa — (cause of) discomfort
  • Danish: ubehag — (cause of) discomfort
  • Dutch: druk — (cause of) discomfort
  • Dutch: stress — (cause of) discomfort
  • Esperanto: angoro — (cause of) discomfort
  • Finnish: tuska — (cause of) discomfort
  • Finnish: ahdinko — (cause of) discomfort
  • French: détresse — (cause of) discomfort
  • German: Kummer — (cause of) discomfort
  • German: Bedrängnis — (cause of) discomfort
  • German: Drangsal — (cause of) discomfort
  • German: Bekümmerung — (cause of) discomfort
  • German: Notlage — (cause of) discomfort
  • German: Bekümmernis — (cause of) discomfort
  • German: Unbehagen — (cause of) discomfort
  • German: Notfall — (cause of) discomfort
  • Gothic: 𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌹𐌸𐌰 (aggwiþa) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Gothic: 𐌸𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌷𐍃𐌻 (þreihsl) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Greek: αγωνία (agonía) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Greek: συντριβή (syntriví) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Greek: συμφορά (symforá) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Greek: απελπισία (apelpisía) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Ancient Greek: στενοχωρία (stenokhōría) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Ancient Greek: ἀνία (anía) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Ancient Greek: ἄχος (ákhos) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Ancient Greek: συνοχή (sunokhḗ) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Hebrew: מוּעָקָה (mu'aqá) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Hindi: तनाव (tanāv) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Hindi: दुख (dukh) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Hungarian: bánat — (cause of) discomfort
  • Hungarian: gyötrelem — (cause of) discomfort
  • Hungarian: bú — (cause of) discomfort
  • Hungarian: búbánat — (cause of) discomfort
  • Icelandic: óþægindi — (cause of) discomfort
  • Ingrian: vaiva — (cause of) discomfort
  • Irish: angar — (cause of) discomfort
  • Irish: crá — (cause of) discomfort
  • Italian: angoscia — (cause of) discomfort
  • Italian: pena — (cause of) discomfort
  • Italian: miseria — (cause of) discomfort
  • Italian: sconforto — (cause of) discomfort
  • Central Kurdish: بێچارەیی (bêçareyî) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Central Kurdish: دڵ تەنگی (dill tengî) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Latin: aerumna — (cause of) discomfort
  • Macedonian: ма́ка (máka) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Macedonian: бе́да (béda) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Māori: ahotea — (cause of) discomfort
  • Māori: uhitea — (cause of) discomfort
  • Māori: āwangawanga — (cause of) discomfort
  • Māori: māteatea — (cause of) discomfort
  • Māori: auhi — (cause of) discomfort
  • Māori: auhitanga — (cause of) discomfort
  • Māori: pāpōuri — (cause of) discomfort
  • Norwegian: ubehag — (cause of) discomfort
  • Portuguese: desconforto — (cause of) discomfort
  • Romanian: suferință — (cause of) discomfort
  • Russian: го́ре (góre) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Russian: беда́ (bedá) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Russian: несча́стье (nesčástʹje) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Sanskrit: दुःख (duḥkha) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Sanskrit: शोक (śoka) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Sanskrit: क्लेश (kleśa) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Sanskrit: आपद् (āpad) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Scottish Gaelic: airc — (cause of) discomfort
  • Serbo-Croatian: distres — (cause of) discomfort
  • Serbo-Croatian: muka — (cause of) discomfort
  • Spanish: aflicción — (cause of) discomfort
  • Spanish: angustia — (cause of) discomfort
  • Spanish: desasosiego — (cause of) discomfort
  • Spanish: ansiedad — (cause of) discomfort
  • Spanish: sinvivir — (cause of) discomfort
  • Swahili: dhiki — (cause of) discomfort
  • Swedish: obehag — (cause of) discomfort
  • Swedish: bekymmer — (cause of) discomfort
  • Swedish: ledsamhet — (cause of) discomfort
  • Turkish: sıkıntı — (cause of) discomfort
  • Turkish: mihnet — (cause of) discomfort
  • Turkish: cendere — (cause of) discomfort
  • Turkish: ızdırap — (cause of) discomfort
  • Turkish: bun — (cause of) discomfort
  • Turkish: kaygı — (cause of) discomfort
  • Ottoman Turkish: شدت (şiddet) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Ukrainian: горе (hore) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Ukrainian: лихо (lyxo) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Ukrainian: страждання (straždannja) — (cause of) discomfort
  • Bulgarian: беда (beda) — serious danger
  • Bulgarian: бедствие (bedstvie) — serious danger
  • Danish: nødsituation — serious danger
  • Finnish: hätä — serious danger
  • Finnish: merihätä — serious danger
  • French: détresse — serious danger
  • German: Not — serious danger
  • German: Notlage — serious danger
  • German: Seenot — serious danger
  • German: Notfall — serious danger
  • German: Bergnot — serious danger
  • Greek: κίνδυνος (kíndynos) — serious danger
  • Hindi: संकट (saṅkaṭ) — serious danger
  • Hindi: आपदा (āpdā) — serious danger
  • Hindi: विपत्ति (vipatti) — serious danger
  • Hungarian: baj — serious danger
  • Hungarian: szorultság — serious danger
  • Hungarian: szorult helyzet — serious danger
  • Hungarian: megszorultság — serious danger
  • Hungarian: szorongattatás — serious danger
  • Hungarian: vész — serious danger
  • Hungarian: ínség — serious danger
  • Hungarian: szükség — serious danger
  • Icelandic: vá — serious danger
  • Icelandic: stórhætta — serious danger
  • Indonesian: distres — serious danger
  • Indonesian: gawat — serious danger
  • Ingrian: hätä — serious danger
  • Italian: pericolo — serious danger
  • Italian: difficoltà — serious danger
  • Central Kurdish: شڕ (şirr) — serious danger
  • Macedonian: о́пасност (ópasnost) — serious danger
  • Māori: mōrearea — serious danger
  • Norwegian: nødsituasjon — serious danger
  • Polish: zagrożenie — serious danger
  • Polish: niebezpieczeństwo — serious danger
  • Portuguese: perigo — serious danger
  • Romanian: primejdie — serious danger
  • Romanian: pericol — serious danger
  • Russian: бе́дствие (bédstvije) — serious danger
  • Russian: беда́ (bedá) — serious danger
  • Spanish: peligro — serious danger
  • Spanish: apuro — serious danger
  • Spanish: aprieto — serious danger
  • Spanish: angustia — serious danger
  • Spanish: amenaza — serious danger
  • Swedish: nödläge — serious danger
  • Swedish: nödsituation — serious danger
  • Tocharian B: ñyātse — serious danger
  • Ukrainian: небезпека (nebezpeka) — serious danger
  • Ukrainian: загроза (zahroza) — serious danger
  • Chinese Mandarin: 惡性應激 /恶性应激 (èxìng yìngjī) — medicine, psychology: state of maladaptive stress
  • Finnish: distressi — medicine, psychology: state of maladaptive stress
  • French: détresse — medicine, psychology: state of maladaptive stress
  • German: maladaptive Coping — medicine, psychology: state of maladaptive stress
  • Hindi: तनाव (tanāv) — medicine, psychology: state of maladaptive stress
  • Hungarian: distressz — medicine, psychology: state of maladaptive stress
  • Indonesian: distres — medicine, psychology: state of maladaptive stress
  • Japanese: 不快ストレス (fukai-sutoresu) — medicine, psychology: state of maladaptive stress
  • Kazakh: дистресс (distress) — medicine, psychology: state of maladaptive stress
  • Korean: 디스트레스 (diseuteureseu) — medicine, psychology: state of maladaptive stress
  • Māori: ngaukino — medicine, psychology: state of maladaptive stress
  • Polish: dystres — medicine, psychology: state of maladaptive stress
  • Spanish: estrés — medicine, psychology: state of maladaptive stress
  • Spanish: distrés — medicine, psychology: state of maladaptive stress
  • Bulgarian: запор (zapor) — law: a seizing of property without legal process to force payment of a debt
  • Chinese Mandarin: 扣押 (kòuyā) — law: a seizing of property without legal process to force payment of a debt
  • Finnish: ulosotto — law: a seizing of property without legal process to force payment of a debt
  • Hungarian: lefoglalás — law: a seizing of property without legal process to force payment of a debt
  • Hungarian: zálogolás — law: a seizing of property without legal process to force payment of a debt
  • Hungarian: zár alá vétel — law: a seizing of property without legal process to force payment of a debt
  • Hungarian: végrehajtás — law: a seizing of property without legal process to force payment of a debt
  • Malay: distres — law: a seizing of property without legal process to force payment of a debt
  • Albanian: shqetësoj — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Bulgarian: измъчвам (izmǎčvam) — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Bulgarian: тревожа (trevoža) — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Dutch: onder druk zetten — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Dutch: benauwen — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Esperanto: angorigi — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Finnish: ahdistaa — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Finnish: tehdä onnettomaksi — to cause strain or anxiety
  • German: bedrücken — to cause strain or anxiety
  • German: bekümmern — to cause strain or anxiety
  • German: heimsuchen — to cause strain or anxiety
  • German: peinigen — to cause strain or anxiety
  • German: quälen — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gaaggwjan) — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Greek: στενοχωρώ (stenochoró) — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Greek: θλίβω (thlívo) — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Greek: αναστατώνω (anastatóno) — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Hungarian: elszomorít — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Hungarian: nyomaszt — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Hungarian: lesújt — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Hungarian: lehangol — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Irish: cráigh — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Italian: angustiare — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Italian: addolorare — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Italian: tormentare — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Italian: logorare — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Latin: dēgravō — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Māori: nonope — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Māori: whakaāwangawanga — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Māori: kaiawherangi — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Māori: whakangaukino — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Old English: ābelgan — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Polish: gnębić — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Polish: niepokoić — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Polish: martwić — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Polish: prześladować — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Portuguese: angustiar — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Portuguese: afobar — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Romanian: deranja — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Russian: тревожить (trevožitʹ) — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Spanish: distresar — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Spanish: acorar — to cause strain or anxiety
  • Bulgarian: запорирам (zaporiram) — to retain someone’s property
  • Chinese Mandarin: 拖欠 (tuōqiàn) — to retain someone’s property
  • Finnish: ulosmitata — to retain someone’s property
  • German: zurückbehalten — to retain someone’s property
  • German: in Beschlag nehmen — to retain someone’s property
  • Greek: κατάσχω (katáscho) — to retain someone’s property
  • Hungarian: lefoglal — to retain someone’s property
  • Hungarian: zálogol — to retain someone’s property
  • Hungarian: zár alá vesz — to retain someone’s property
  • Hungarian: végrehajt — to retain someone’s property
  • Italian: confiscare — to retain someone’s property
  • Italian: pignorare — to retain someone’s property
  • Portuguese: penhorar — to retain someone’s property
  • Chinese Mandarin: 做旧 (zuòjiù) — to treat to make look old
  • Finnish: vanhentaa — to treat to make look old
  • German: patinieren — to treat to make look old
  • German: (künstlich) altern — to treat to make look old
  • German: auf alt trimmen (vt.) (Möbel, Kleidung) — to treat to make look old
  • Hungarian: koptat — to treat to make look old
  • Hungarian: kikoptat — to treat to make look old
  • Hungarian: kikészít — to treat to make look old
  • Italian: antichizzare — to treat to make look old
  • Polish: starzeć — to treat to make look old
  • Portuguese: desgastar — to treat to make look old
  • Russian: старить (staritʹ) — to treat to make look old
  • Swedish: patinera — to treat to make look old
Real reading context

distress in complete knowledge articles