Standard Lemma guide

engram

name · noun · 4 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ˈɛnˌɡɹæm/
  • /ˈɛŋˌɡɹæm/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • homophone: n-gram
  • CMU ARPABET: EH1 N G R AE2 M Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

name

Meaning 1

A surname transferred from the given name, a rare variant of Ingram.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

A postulated physical or biochemical change in neural tissue that represents a memory.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

A painful, negative mental image representing a past event.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: Scientology, lifestyle, religion

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

a postulated biochemical change (presumably in neural tissue) that represents a memory

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: memory trace

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: memory

History

Etymology

Borrowed from German Engramm which was coined by German evolutionary biologist Richard Semon in 1904. First attested in English in 1921 (see quotation below). Ultimately from Ancient Greek ἐν (en, “in”) + γράμμα (grámma, “writing, picture”).

Across languages

Translations

6 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Finnish: muistijälki — postulated change in neural tissue
  • German: Engramm — postulated change in neural tissue
  • Greek: έγγραμμα (éngramma) — postulated change in neural tissue
  • Spanish: engrama — postulated change in neural tissue
  • Swedish: minnesspår — postulated change in neural tissue
  • Finnish: engrammi — Scientology: negative mental image