Standard Lemma guide

enlighten

verb · 5 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ɪnˈlaɪtən/
  • /ənˈlaɪtən/
  • /ɛnˈlaɪtən/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -aɪtən
  • CMU ARPABET: EH2 N L AY1 T AH0 N Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

verb

Meaning 1

To supply with light.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • The sun enlightens the Earth.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: illumine, illuminate, alight, belight, beshine, bright, enlighten, fire, illume, illustrate, irradiate, light, lighten, light up, luster, lustrate, shed light on

Antonyms: endarken

2

verb

Meaning 2

To make something clear to (someone); to give knowledge or understanding to.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: figuratively, transitive

Examples

  • She tried to enlighten them about the rules of the program, but they remained belligerently and self-righteously ignorant.
  • Care to enlighten me, if you think I'm so benighted?

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: apprise, clarify, explain, notify, inform, edify

Antonyms: none provided

3

verb

Meaning 3

make free from confusion or ambiguity; make clear

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • Could you clarify these remarks?
  • Clear up the question of who is at fault

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: clear, clear up, shed light on, crystallize, crystallise, crystalize, crystalise, straighten out, sort out, illuminate, elucidate

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: clarify, clear up, elucidate

4

verb

Meaning 4

give spiritual insight to; in religion

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: irradiate

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: prophesy, vaticinate

5

verb

Meaning 5

make understand

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • Can you enlighten me--I don't understand this proposal

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: edify

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: teach, learn, instruct

History

Etymology

Formerly also inlighten, from Middle English enlightenen, inlightnen, a hybrid formed from inlighten (“to enlighten, illuminate”), from Old English inlīhtan, onlīhtan, enlīhtan (“to enlighten, illuminate, give light to, give sight to”) and lightnen (“to enlighten, illuminate”) (equivalent to light + -en). Cognate with Dutch inlichten (“to enlighten, inform”), Old High German inliuhten (“to enlighten, illuminate”), Gothic 𐌹𐌽𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (inliuhtjan, “to enlighten, illuminate”). More at inlight, -en.

Across languages

Translations

54 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Albanian: ndriçoj — to supply with light
  • Bulgarian: осветявам (osvetjavam) — to supply with light
  • Esperanto: lumigi — to supply with light
  • Esperanto: prilumi — to supply with light
  • Finnish: valaista — to supply with light
  • French: éclairer — to supply with light
  • Galician: alumear — to supply with light
  • Greek: φωτίζω (fotízo) — to supply with light
  • Hebrew: האיר (ha-ir) — to supply with light
  • Hungarian: kivilágít — to supply with light
  • Hungarian: megvilágít — to supply with light
  • Italian: illuminare — to supply with light
  • Ligurian: illüminò — to supply with light
  • Polish: oświecać — to supply with light
  • Polish: uświadamiać — to supply with light
  • Portuguese: iluminar — to supply with light
  • Romanian: ilumina — to supply with light
  • Russian: освеща́ть (osveščátʹ) — to supply with light
  • Russian: освети́ть (osvetítʹ) — to supply with light
  • Spanish: iluminar — to supply with light
  • Spanish: alumbrar — to supply with light
  • Spanish: esclarecer — to supply with light
  • Swedish: belysa — to supply with light
  • Turkish: aydınlatmak — to supply with light
  • Vietnamese: làm sáng tỏ — to supply with light
  • Bulgarian: осведомявам (osvedomjavam) — to make clear to the intellect
  • Czech: osvítit — to make clear to the intellect
  • Finnish: valistaa — to make clear to the intellect
  • French: éclairer — to make clear to the intellect
  • French: informer — to make clear to the intellect
  • Galician: alumear — to make clear to the intellect
  • German: aufklären — to make clear to the intellect
  • Greek: διαφωτίζω (diafotízo) — to make clear to the intellect
  • Hebrew: האיר (ha-ir) — to make clear to the intellect
  • Hungarian: felvilágosít — to make clear to the intellect
  • Kyrgyz: агартуу (agartuu) — to make clear to the intellect
  • Polish: oświecać — to make clear to the intellect
  • Polish: uświadamiać — to make clear to the intellect
  • Portuguese: iluminar — to make clear to the intellect
  • Portuguese: esclarecer — to make clear to the intellect
  • Romanian: lămuri — to make clear to the intellect
  • Russian: просвеща́ть (prosveščátʹ) — to make clear to the intellect
  • Russian: просвети́ть (prosvetítʹ) — to make clear to the intellect
  • Russian: осведомля́ть (osvedomljátʹ) — to make clear to the intellect
  • Russian: осведоми́ть (osvedomítʹ) — to make clear to the intellect
  • Spanish: ilustrar — to make clear to the intellect
  • Spanish: esclarecer — to make clear to the intellect
  • Spanish: iluminar — to make clear to the intellect
  • Spanish: alumbrar — to make clear to the intellect
  • Swedish: upplysa — to make clear to the intellect
  • Tagalog: maliwanagan — to make clear to the intellect
  • Turkish: bilgilendirmek — to make clear to the intellect
  • Ukrainian: просвіща́ти (prosviščáty) — to make clear to the intellect
  • Ukrainian: просвіти́ти (prosvitýty) — to make clear to the intellect
Real reading context

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