Standard Lemma guide

eruption

noun · 10 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ɪˈɹʌpʃən/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -ʌpʃən
  • CMU ARPABET: IY2 R AH1 P SH AH0 N Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
  • CMU ARPABET 2: IH2 R AH1 P SH AH0 N Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

A violent ejection, such as the spurting out of lava from a volcano.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Examples

  • a volcanic eruption

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

A sudden release of pressure or tension.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Examples

  • There was an eruption of joy at the final whistle.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

An utterance, especially a sudden one; an ejaculation.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

An infection of the skin resulting in a rash or blemishing.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

the emergence of a tooth as it breaks through the gum

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: emergence, egress, issue

6

noun

Meaning 6

a sudden very loud noise

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: bang, clap, blast, bam

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: noise

Narrower terms: water hammer

7

noun

Meaning 7

a sudden violent spontaneous occurrence (usually of some undesirable condition)

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • the outbreak of hostilities

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: outbreak, irruption

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: happening, occurrence, occurrent, natural event

Narrower terms: epidemic, recrudescence

8

noun

Meaning 8

the sudden occurrence of a violent discharge of steam and volcanic material

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: volcanic eruption

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: discharge

Narrower terms: Plinian eruption

9

noun

Meaning 9

(of volcanos) pouring out fumes or lava (or a deposit so formed)

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: eructation, extravasation

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: action, activity, activeness

10

noun

Meaning 10

symptom consisting of a breaking out and becoming visible

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: symptom

Narrower terms: eczema vaccinatum, Kaposi's varicelliform eruption, enanthem, enanthema, exanthem, exanthema, skin eruption, rash, roseola, efflorescence, skin rash

History

Etymology

From Middle French éruption, from Latin eruptio.

Across languages

Translations

73 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Armenian: ժայթքում (žaytʻkʻum) — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Asturian: erupción — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Azerbaijani: püskürmə — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Belarusian: вывяржэ́нне (vyvjaržénnje) — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Central Bikol: pagtuga — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Bulgarian: изригване (izrigvane) — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Catalan: erupció — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Chinese Mandarin: 噴發 /喷发 (pēnfā) — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Chinese Mandarin: 爆發 /爆发 (bàofā) — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Chinese Mandarin: 噴出 /喷出 (pēnchū) — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Dutch: uitbarsting — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Esperanto: erupcio — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Faroese: gos — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Finnish: purkaus — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • French: éruption — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Galician: erupción — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Georgian: ამოფრქვევა (amoprkveva) — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • German: Eruption — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • German: Ausbruch — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • German: Vulkanausbruch — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Greek: έκρηξη (ékrixi) — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Ancient Greek: ἀναχοή (anakhoḗ) — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Hindi: भभका (bhabhkā) — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Hungarian: kitörés — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Icelandic: gos — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Indonesian: erupsi — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Irish: brúchtadh — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Italian: eruzione — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Japanese: 噴火 (funka) — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Japanese: 噴出 (funshutsu) — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Kapampangan: akbung — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Korean: 분화 (bunhwa) — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Korean: 분출 (bunchul) — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Latin: eruptio — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Malay: letusan — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Māori: hūnga — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Occitan: erupcion — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Persian: فوران (favarân) — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Polish: erupcja — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Portuguese: erupção — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Romanian: erupere — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Romanian: erupție — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Russian: изверже́ние (izveržénije) — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Scottish Gaelic: maoim — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Serbo-Croatian: erupcija — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Serbo-Croatian: ерупција — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Spanish: erupción — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Swedish: utbrott — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Swedish: vulkanutbrott — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Swedish: eruption — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Tetum: erupsaun — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Tongan: laku — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Turkish: patlama — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Ukrainian: ви́верження (výveržennja) — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Ukrainian: ви́бух (výbux) — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Welsh: echdoriad — violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano
  • Armenian: ժայթքում (žaytʻkʻum) — sudden release of pressure or tension
  • Bulgarian: изблик (izblik) — sudden release of pressure or tension
  • Dutch: uitbarsting — sudden release of pressure or tension
  • Finnish: purkaus — sudden release of pressure or tension
  • German: Ausbruch — sudden release of pressure or tension
  • Polish: erupcja — sudden release of pressure or tension
  • Russian: взрыв (vzryv) — sudden release of pressure or tension
  • Asturian: erupción — infection of the skin resulting in a rash or blemishing
  • Bulgarian: обрив (obriv) — infection of the skin resulting in a rash or blemishing
  • Catalan: erupció — infection of the skin resulting in a rash or blemishing
  • Dutch: huiduitslag — infection of the skin resulting in a rash or blemishing
  • Finnish: tulehdus — infection of the skin resulting in a rash or blemishing
  • Galician: erupción — infection of the skin resulting in a rash or blemishing
  • Indonesian: erupsi — infection of the skin resulting in a rash or blemishing
  • Occitan: erupcion — infection of the skin resulting in a rash or blemishing
  • Romanian: erupție — infection of the skin resulting in a rash or blemishing
  • Russian: сыпь (sypʹ) — infection of the skin resulting in a rash or blemishing
Real reading context

eruption in complete knowledge articles