Standard Lemma guide

especially

adv · 5 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ɪˈspɛʃ.(ə.)li/
  • /əˈspɛʃ.(ə.)li/
  • /ɛsˈpɛʃ.(ə.)li/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • nonstandard, proscribed: /ɪkˈspɛʃ.(ə.)li/
  • nonstandard, proscribed: /ɛkˈspɛʃ.(ə.)li/
  • CMU ARPABET: AH0 S P EH1 SH L IY0 Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
  • CMU ARPABET 2: AH0 S P EH1 SH AH0 L IY0 Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

adv

Meaning 1

In a special manner; specially.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: manner

Examples

  • He got up early especially.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

adv

Meaning 2

Particularly; to a greater extent than is normal.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: focus

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

adv

Meaning 3

Used to place greater emphasis upon someone or something.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: focus

Examples

  • Invite them all, especially Molly.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

adverb

Meaning 4

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • he was particularly fussy about spelling
  • a particularly gruesome attack
  • under peculiarly tragic circumstances
  • an especially (or specially) cautious approach to the danger

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: particularly, peculiarly, specially

Antonyms: none provided

5

adverb

Meaning 5

in a special manner

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • a specially arranged dinner

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: specially

Antonyms: none provided

History

Etymology

Etymology tree English especial Proto-Indo-European *leyg-der. Proto-Germanic *līkąder. Proto-Germanic *-līkaz Proto-Germanic *-ê Proto-Germanic *-līkê Proto-West Germanic *-līkē Old English -līċe Middle English -ly English -ly English especially From especial + -ly.

Across languages

Translations

134 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Albanian: sidomos — particularly
  • Arabic: خُصُوصًا (ḵuṣūṣan) — particularly
  • Arabic: خَاصَّةً (ḵāṣṣatan) — particularly
  • Arabic: وَلَا سِيَّمَا (walā siyyamā) — particularly
  • Armenian: հատկապես (hatkapes) — particularly
  • Azerbaijani: xüsusən — particularly
  • Azerbaijani: xüsusilə — particularly
  • Azerbaijani: ələlxüsus — particularly
  • Azerbaijani: özəlliklə — particularly
  • Bashkir: айырыуса (ayırıwsa) — particularly
  • Bashkir: бигерәк тә (bigerək tə) — particularly
  • Belarusian: асаблі́ва (asablíva) — particularly
  • Bulgarian: осо́бено (osóbeno) — particularly
  • Catalan: sobretot — particularly
  • Catalan: especialment — particularly
  • Chinese Mandarin: 特別 /特别 (tèbié) — particularly
  • Chinese Mandarin: 尤其 (yóuqí) — particularly
  • Czech: obzvlášť — particularly
  • Danish: særligt — particularly
  • Danish: specielt — particularly
  • Danish: især — particularly
  • Dutch: vooral — particularly
  • Dutch: in het bijzonder — particularly
  • Esperanto: precipe — particularly
  • Estonian: eriliselt — particularly
  • Estonian: eriti — particularly
  • Finnish: erityisesti — particularly
  • Finnish: varsinkin — particularly
  • Finnish: etenkin — particularly
  • French: spécialement — particularly
  • French: particulièrement — particularly
  • French: surtout — particularly
  • French: en particulier — particularly
  • French: espécialement — particularly
  • Galician: especialmente — particularly
  • German: besonders — particularly
  • German: extra — particularly
  • Gothic: 𐌸𐌹𐍃𐌷𐌿𐌽 (þishun) — particularly
  • Greek: ειδικά (eidiká) — particularly
  • Ancient Greek: ἄλλως τε καί (állōs te kaí) — particularly
  • Hindi: ख़ास तौर पर (xās taur par) — particularly
  • Hungarian: különösen — particularly
  • Hungarian: főleg — particularly
  • Hungarian: főként — particularly
  • Hungarian: főképp — particularly
  • Icelandic: sérstaklega — particularly
  • Indonesian: lebih-lebih — particularly
  • Ingrian: erittee — particularly
  • Irish: go háirithe — particularly
  • Irish: go mór mór — particularly
  • Italian: specialmente — particularly
  • Italian: soprattutto — particularly
  • Italian: specie — particularly
  • Japanese: とりわけ (toriwake) — particularly
  • Japanese: 特に (toku ni) — particularly
  • Japanese: なかんずく (nakanzuku) — particularly
  • Kashmiri: خاص کٔرِتھ (khās kạrith) — particularly
  • Korean: 특히 (teukhi) — particularly
  • Korean: 특별히 (teukbyeolhi) — particularly
  • Central Kurdish: بەتایبەتی (betaybetî) — particularly
  • Northern Kurdish: bi taybetî — particularly
  • Latin: maxime — particularly
  • Latin: apprime — particularly
  • Latin: praesertim — particularly
  • Latin: cumprīmē — particularly
  • Luxembourgish: besonnesch — particularly
  • Māori: inarā — particularly
  • Norman: supareillement — particularly
  • Norwegian Bokmål: særlig — particularly
  • Norwegian Bokmål: i særdeleshet — particularly
  • Norwegian Bokmål: spesielt — particularly
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: spesielt — particularly
  • Occitan: mai que mai — particularly
  • Occitan: subretot — particularly
  • Old English: swīþost — particularly
  • Persian: مخصوصاً (maxsusan) — particularly
  • Persian: بالاخص (bel-axas) — particularly
  • Persian: به خصوص (be xosus) — particularly
  • Persian: خصوصا (xosusan) — particularly
  • Persian: به ویژه (be viže) — particularly
  • Persian: علیالخصوص (alal-xosus) — particularly
  • Polish: szczególnie — particularly
  • Polish: zwłaszcza — particularly
  • Polish: w szczególności — particularly
  • Portuguese: especialmente — particularly
  • Portuguese: sobretudo — particularly
  • Romanian: mai ales — particularly
  • Russian: осо́бенно (osóbenno) — particularly
  • Scots: maistly — particularly
  • Serbo-Croatian: posebice — particularly
  • Serbo-Croatian: osobito — particularly
  • Serbo-Croatian: naročito — particularly
  • Slovene: posébej — particularly
  • Spanish: especialmente — particularly
  • Spanish: sobre todo — particularly
  • Spanish: máxime — particularly
  • Spanish: más — particularly
  • Swedish: särskilt — particularly
  • Swedish: speciellt — particularly
  • Tamil: குறிப்பாக (kuṟippāka) — particularly
  • Telugu: ప్రత్యేకించి (pratyēkiñci) — particularly
  • Turkish: özellikle — particularly
  • Ukrainian: особли́во (osoblývo) — particularly
  • Urdu: خاص طور پر (xās taur par) — particularly
  • Vietnamese: nhất là — particularly
  • Vietnamese: đặc biệt là — particularly
  • Welsh: yn enwedig — particularly
  • Zazaki: xısusen — particularly
  • Belarusian: асаблі́ва (asablíva) — in a special manner
  • Catalan: especialment — in a special manner
  • Dutch: speciaal — in a special manner
  • Finnish: erityisesti — in a special manner
  • French: spécialement — in a special manner
  • German: speziell — in a special manner
  • German: außergewöhnlich — in a special manner
  • German: originell — in a special manner
  • Gothic: 𐌿𐍃𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌳𐍉 (ussindō) — in a special manner
  • Icelandic: sérstaklega — in a special manner
  • Irish: go speisealta — in a special manner
  • Italian: appositamente — in a special manner
  • Central Kurdish: بەشێوەیەکی تایبەتی (beşêweyekî taybetî) — in a special manner
  • Norwegian: spesielt — in a special manner
  • Polish: szczególnie — in a special manner
  • Portuguese: especialmente — in a special manner
  • Romanian: în special — in a special manner
  • Romanian: în mod special — in a special manner
  • Russian: осо́бенно (osóbenno) — in a special manner
  • Spanish: especialmente — in a special manner
  • Spanish: máxime — in a special manner
  • Tamil: சிறப்பாக (ciṟappāka) — in a special manner
  • Telugu: మరీ ముఖ్యంగా (marī mukhyaṅgā) — in a special manner
  • Ukrainian: особли́во (osoblývo) — in a special manner
  • Welsh: yn enwedig — in a special manner
  • Zazaki: bağseta — in a special manner
Real reading context

especially in complete knowledge articles