Standard Lemma guide

execute

verb · 13 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ˈɛksɪˌkjuːt/
  • /ˈɛɡzɪˌkjuːt/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • South-Asia: /eɡ.zɪ.kjuːʈ/
  • CMU ARPABET: EH1 K S AH0 K Y UW2 T Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

verb

Meaning 1

To kill, especially as punishment for a capital crime.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • There are certain states where it is lawful to execute prisoners convicted of certain crimes.
  • According to international treaties, it is illegal to execute prisoners of war.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

verb

Meaning 2

To carry out; to put into effect.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • Your orders have been executed, sir!
  • I'll execute your orders as soon as this meeting is adjourned.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

verb

Meaning 3

To perform.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • to execute a difficult piece of music brilliantly
  • to execute a turn in ballet

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

verb

Meaning 4

To carry out, to perform an act; to put into effect or cause to become legally binding or valid (as a contract) by so doing.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Topics: law

Examples

  • to execute a contract

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

verb

Meaning 5

To start, launch, or run.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Topics: computing, engineering, mathematics, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, sciences

Examples

  • to execute a program

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: start, launch, run, open

Antonyms: none provided

6

verb

Meaning 6

To run, usually successfully.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

Topics: computing, engineering, mathematics, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, sciences

Examples

  • The program executed, but data problems were discovered.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

verb

Meaning 7

sign in the presence of witnesses

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • The President executed the treaty

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: sign

8

verb

Meaning 8

put in effect

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • carry out a task
  • execute the decision of the people
  • He actioned the operation

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: carry through, accomplish, carry out, action, fulfill, fulfil

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: complete, finish, effect, effectuate, set up

Narrower terms: get over, run, consummate, do, perform, dispatch, discharge, complete

9

verb

Meaning 9

carry out or perform an action

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • John did the painting, the weeding, and he cleaned out the gutters
  • the skater executed a triple pirouette
  • she did a little dance

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: perform, do

Antonyms: none provided

Narrower terms: click off, carry, pipe up, declaim, recite, serenade, cut corners, stunt, cut, blaze away, scamp, churn out, premier, premiere, star, appear, rehearse, practise, practice, improvise, improvize, ad-lib, extemporize, extemporise, interpret, render, conduct, lead, direct, make

10

verb

Meaning 10

kill as a means of socially sanctioned punishment

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • In some states, criminals are executed

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: put to death

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: kill, punish, penalize, penalise

Narrower terms: crucify, burn, hang, string up

11

verb

Meaning 11

murder in a planned fashion

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • The Mafioso who collaborated with the police was executed

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: murder, slay, hit, dispatch, bump off, off, polish off, remove

12

verb

Meaning 12

carry out a process or program, as on a computer or a machine

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • Run the dishwasher
  • run a new program on the Mac
  • the computer executed the instruction

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: run

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: enforce, implement, apply

Narrower terms: step

13

verb

Meaning 13

carry out the legalities of

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • execute a will or a deed

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: enforce, implement, apply

Narrower terms: give

History

Etymology

From Old French executer (French exécuter), from Latin exsecutus, past participle of exsequor (“to follow (up/through)”, particularly in the sense “to go through with a deed or punishment”), from ex- (“out”) + sequor (“to follow”).

Across languages

Translations

213 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Albanian: ekzekutoj — to kill as punishment
  • Arabic: أَعْدَمَ (ʔaʕdama) — to kill as punishment
  • Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܡܲܡܝܸܬ݂ (mamyiṯ) — to kill as punishment
  • Azerbaijani: edam etmək — to kill as punishment
  • Belarusian: кара́ць сме́рцю (karácʹ smjércju) — to kill as punishment
  • Belarusian: пакара́ць сме́рцю (pakarácʹ smjércju) — to kill as punishment
  • Bulgarian: екзекути́рам (ekzekutíram) — to kill as punishment
  • Catalan: executar — to kill as punishment
  • Chichewa: kufétsa — to kill as punishment
  • Chichewa: kunyónga — to kill as punishment
  • Chinese Mandarin: 處決 /处决 (chǔjué) — to kill as punishment
  • Chinese Mandarin: 處死 /处死 (chǔsǐ) — to kill as punishment
  • Czech: popravit — to kill as punishment
  • Danish: henrette — to kill as punishment
  • Dutch: executeren — to kill as punishment
  • Esperanto: ekzekuti — to kill as punishment
  • Estonian: hukkama — to kill as punishment
  • Finnish: teloittaa — to kill as punishment
  • French: exécuter — to kill as punishment
  • French: mettre à mort — to kill as punishment
  • Georgian: სიკვდილით დასჯა (siḳvdilit dasǯa) — to kill as punishment
  • German: hinrichten — to kill as punishment
  • German: exekutieren — to kill as punishment
  • Gothic: 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (dauþjan) — to kill as punishment
  • Greek: εκτελώ (ekteló) — to kill as punishment
  • Greek: θανατώνω (thanatóno) — to kill as punishment
  • Ancient Greek: θανατόω (thanatóō) — to kill as punishment
  • Hebrew: להוציא להרוג — to kill as punishment
  • Hungarian: kivégez — to kill as punishment
  • Irish: básaigh — to kill as punishment
  • Italian: giustiziare — to kill as punishment
  • Japanese: 処刑する (shokei suru) — to kill as punishment
  • Japanese: 消す (kesu) — to kill as punishment
  • Korean: 처형하다 (cheohyeonghada) — to kill as punishment
  • Latin: carnificō — to kill as punishment
  • Latin: ad necum mittō — to kill as punishment
  • Macedonian: погубува (pogubuva) — to kill as punishment
  • Macedonian: погуби (pogubi) — to kill as punishment
  • Māori: whakamate — to kill as punishment
  • Norman: exétchuter — to kill as punishment
  • Norwegian Bokmål: henrette — to kill as punishment
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: avretta — to kill as punishment
  • Persian: اعدام کردن (e'dâm kardan) — to kill as punishment
  • Polish: stracać — to kill as punishment
  • Polish: stracić — to kill as punishment
  • Portuguese: executar — to kill as punishment
  • Quechua: hayratachiy — to kill as punishment
  • Romanian: executa — to kill as punishment
  • Russian: казни́ть (kaznítʹ) — to kill as punishment
  • Serbo-Croatian: сма̀кнути — to kill as punishment
  • Serbo-Croatian: погу̀бити — to kill as punishment
  • Serbo-Croatian: smàknuti — to kill as punishment
  • Serbo-Croatian: pogùbiti — to kill as punishment
  • Slovak: popraviť — to kill as punishment
  • Slovene: usmrtiti — to kill as punishment
  • Spanish: ejecutar — to kill as punishment
  • Spanish: ajusticiar — to kill as punishment
  • Spanish: enrodar — to kill as punishment
  • Swedish: avrätta — to kill as punishment
  • Tagalog: ipapatay — to kill as punishment
  • Thai: ประหาร (bprà-hǎan) — to kill as punishment
  • Turkish: idam etmek — to kill as punishment
  • Ukrainian: стра́чувати (stráčuvaty) — to kill as punishment
  • Ukrainian: стра́тити (strátyty) — to kill as punishment
  • Volapük: cödetadeidön — to kill as punishment
  • Welsh: dienyddio — to kill as punishment
  • Zazaki: idam kerden — to kill as punishment
  • Zazaki: dard kerden — to kill as punishment
  • Arabic: نَفَّذَ (naffaḏa) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Belarusian: выко́нваць (vykónvacʹ) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Belarusian: вы́канаць (výkanacʹ) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Bulgarian: изпълня́вам (izpǎlnjávam) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Bulgarian: изпъ́лня (izpǎ́lnja) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Bulgarian: извъ́ршвам (izvǎ́ršvam) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Bulgarian: извъ́рша (izvǎ́rša) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Catalan: executar — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Chinese Mandarin: 執行 /执行 (zhíxíng) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Chinese Mandarin: 運行 /运行 (yùnxíng) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Czech: konat — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Czech: vykonávat — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Czech: vykonat — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Danish: afvikle — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Danish: udføre — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Danish: eksekvere — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Dutch: bewerkstelligen — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Dutch: uitvoeren — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Estonian: teostama — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Estonian: täitma — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Finnish: toteuttaa — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Finnish: panna toimeen — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Finnish: panna täytäntöön — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • French: exécuter — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Georgian: შესრულება (šesruleba) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Georgian: ასრულება (asruleba) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Georgian: სისრულეში მოყვანა (sisruleši moq̇vana) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • German: ausführen — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • German: durchführen — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Ancient Greek: ἐνεργέω (energéō) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Hungarian: végrehajt — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Hungarian: teljesít — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Hungarian: elvégez — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Hungarian: megvalósít — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Hungarian: kivitelez — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Hungarian: foganatosít — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Ido: exekutar — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Irish: cuir i bhfeidhm — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Japanese: 実行する (jikkō suru) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Japanese: 行う (okonau) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Khmer: ប្រតិបត្តិ (prɑtebat) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Korean: 실행하다 (silhaenghada) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Korean: 행하다 (haenghada) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Central Kurdish: بردن بەڕێوە (birdin berrêwe) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Latin: fungor — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Latvian: izpildīt — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Lithuanian: įvykdyti — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Māori: whakahaere — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Persian: انجامیدن — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Polish: wykonywać — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Polish: wykonać — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Portuguese: executar — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Romanian: executa — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Russian: исполня́ть (ispolnjátʹ) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Russian: испо́лнить (ispólnitʹ) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Scottish Gaelic: cuir an gnìomh — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Serbo-Croatian: извр́шити — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Serbo-Croatian: про̀вести — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Serbo-Croatian: izvŕšiti — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Serbo-Croatian: pròvesti — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Slovak: vykonávať — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Slovak: vykonať — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Slovene: izvršiti — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Spanish: ejecutar — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Swedish: verkställa — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Swedish: expediera — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Swedish: utföra — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Ukrainian: вико́нувати (vykónuvaty) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Ukrainian: ви́конати (výkonaty) — to start a defined process and run it to completion
  • Arabic: نَفَّذَ (naffaḏa) — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Catalan: executar — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Czech: provádět — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Danish: udføre — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Danish: eksekvere — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Danish: starte — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Danish: påbegynde — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Dutch: bewerkstelligen — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Dutch: uitvoeren — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Finnish: aloittaa — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Finnish: käynnistää — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Irish: cuir i bhfeidhm — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Polish: uruchomić — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Polish: rozpocząć — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Polish: zacząć — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Romanian: executa — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Russian: выполня́ть (vypolnjátʹ) — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Russian: вы́полнить (výpolnitʹ) — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Russian: исполня́ть (ispolnjátʹ) — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Russian: испо́лнить (ispólnitʹ) — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Scottish Gaelic: cuir an gnìomh — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Ukrainian: вико́нувати (vykónuvaty) — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Ukrainian: ви́конати (výkonaty) — to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
  • Arabic: نَفَّذَ (naffaḏa) — to start, launch or run software
  • Bulgarian: изпълня́вам (izpǎlnjávam) — to start, launch or run software
  • Bulgarian: изпъ́лня (izpǎ́lnja) — to start, launch or run software
  • Catalan: executar — to start, launch or run software
  • Catalan: arrancar — to start, launch or run software
  • Catalan: arrencar — to start, launch or run software
  • Danish: afvikle — to start, launch or run software
  • Danish: udføre — to start, launch or run software
  • Danish: eksekvere — to start, launch or run software
  • Dutch: uitvoeren — to start, launch or run software
  • Esperanto: plenumi — to start, launch or run software
  • Finnish: ajaa — to start, launch or run software
  • Finnish: suorittaa — to start, launch or run software
  • Finnish: käynnistää — to start, launch or run software
  • French: exécuter — to start, launch or run software
  • German: ausführen — to start, launch or run software
  • Hungarian: futtat — to start, launch or run software
  • Icelandic: framkvæma — to start, launch or run software
  • Italian: lanciare — to start, launch or run software
  • Korean: 실행하다 (silhaenghada) — to start, launch or run software
  • Norman: exétchuter — to start, launch or run software
  • Norwegian Bokmål: kjøre — to start, launch or run software
  • Norwegian Bokmål: eksekvere — to start, launch or run software
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: køyre — to start, launch or run software
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: eksekvere — to start, launch or run software
  • Persian: اجرایدن — to start, launch or run software
  • Polish: uruchomić — to start, launch or run software
  • Polish: wystartować — to start, launch or run software
  • Polish: wykonać — to start, launch or run software
  • Portuguese: executar — to start, launch or run software
  • Portuguese: rodar — to start, launch or run software
  • Romanian: executa — to start, launch or run software
  • Russian: прогоня́ть (progonjátʹ) — to start, launch or run software
  • Russian: прогна́ть (prognátʹ) — to start, launch or run software
  • Russian: выполня́ть (vypolnjátʹ) — to start, launch or run software
  • Russian: вы́полнить (výpolnitʹ) — to start, launch or run software
  • Russian: запуска́ть (zapuskátʹ) — to start, launch or run software
  • Russian: запусти́ть (zapustítʹ) — to start, launch or run software
  • Slovene: zagnati — to start, launch or run software
  • Spanish: ejecutar — to start, launch or run software
  • Spanish: arrancar — to start, launch or run software
  • Swedish: exekvera — to start, launch or run software
  • Swedish: köra — to start, launch or run software
  • Ukrainian: запуска́ти (zapuskáty) — to start, launch or run software
  • Ukrainian: запусти́ти (zapustýty) — to start, launch or run software
  • Bulgarian: подписвам (podpisvam) — to sign or otherwise cause a document (especially a contract) to become legally valid
  • Bulgarian: подпиша (podpiša) — to sign or otherwise cause a document (especially a contract) to become legally valid
  • Catalan: executar — to sign or otherwise cause a document (especially a contract) to become legally valid
  • Finnish: saattaa voimaan — to sign or otherwise cause a document (especially a contract) to become legally valid
  • Hungarian: végrehajt — to sign or otherwise cause a document (especially a contract) to become legally valid
  • Hungarian: teljesít — to sign or otherwise cause a document (especially a contract) to become legally valid
  • Russian: подпи́сывать (podpísyvatʹ) — to sign or otherwise cause a document (especially a contract) to become legally valid
  • Russian: подписа́ть (podpisátʹ) — to sign or otherwise cause a document (especially a contract) to become legally valid
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