Standard Lemma guide

extenuation

noun · 10 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • Received-Pronunciation: /ɪksˌtɛnjʊˈeɪʃən/
  • Received-Pronunciation: /ɛksˌtɛnjʊˈeɪʃən/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -eɪʃən

1

noun

Meaning 1

The action of extenuating; extenuated condition.

The action or process of making or becoming thin; an instance of this; a shrunken condition; leanness, emaciation.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

The action of extenuating; extenuated condition.

Making less dense; rarefaction.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, obsolete, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

The action of extenuating; extenuated condition.

The action or process of making slender or diminishing in bulk; an instance of this.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, obsolete, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

The action of extenuating; extenuated condition.

The action of making less or weak; and instance of this; a weakening, impoverishment. Also, mitigation (of blame or punishment).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, obsolete, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

The action of extenuating; extenuated condition.

The action of representing (something) as slight and trifling; underrating; an instance of this, a plea to this end; a modification in terms.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

The action of extenuating; extenuated condition.

The action of representing (something) as slight and trifling; underrating; an instance of this, a plea to this end; a modification in terms.

A figure in which a term is used which, in contrast with the more fitting term it supplants, understates or seeks to diminish the significance of something.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, obsolete, rhetoric, uncountable

Examples

  • 1823, in Crabb, Technol. Dict.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

noun

Meaning 7

The action of extenuating; extenuated condition.

The action of lessening, or seeking to lessen, the guilt of (an offence or fault) by alleging partial excuses; and instance or means of doing this; a plea in mitigation of censure.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

8

noun

Meaning 8

The action of extenuating; extenuated condition.

Thin garments.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: US, countable, humorous, in-plural, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

9

noun

Meaning 9

to act in such a way as to cause an offense to seem less serious

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: mitigation, palliation

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: decrease, diminution, reduction, step-down

10

noun

Meaning 10

a partial excuse to mitigate censure; an attempt to represent an offense as less serious than it appears by showing mitigating circumstances

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: mitigation

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: excuse, alibi, exculpation, self-justification

History

Etymology

An adaptation of extenuātiōn-, the oblique stem of the Latin extenuātiō (“a thinning or diminishing”, “rarefaction”; rhetoric “a lessening”, “diminution”, “extenuation”), noun of action from extenuō (“to thin, reduce, or diminish”). Equivalent to extenuate + -ion. Compare the French exténuation.

Across languages

Translations

1 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Spanish: extenuación — Translations