Standard Lemma guide

extinction

noun · 10 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • CMU ARPABET: IH0 K S T IH1 NG K SH AH0 N Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
  • CMU ARPABET 2: IH0 K S T IH1 NG SH AH0 N Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

The action of making or becoming extinct; annihilation.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

The absorption or scattering of electromagnetic radiation emitted by astronomical objects by intervening dust and gas before it reaches the observer.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: astronomy, natural-sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

The inability to perceive multiple stimuli simultaneously.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: medicine, pathology, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

The fading of a conditioned response over time if it is not reinforced.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: human-sciences, psychology, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

the act of extinguishing; causing to stop burning

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • the extinction of the lights

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: extinguishing, quenching

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: termination, ending, conclusion

6

noun

Meaning 6

a conditioning process in which the reinforcer is removed and a conditioned response becomes independent of the conditioned stimulus

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: experimental extinction

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: conditioning

7

noun

Meaning 7

complete annihilation

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • they think a meteor cause the extinction of the dinosaurs

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: extermination

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: annihilation, disintegration

8

noun

Meaning 8

the reduction of the intensity of radiation as a consequence of absorption and radiation

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: natural process, natural action, action, activity

9

noun

Meaning 9

no longer in existence

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • the extinction of a species

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: defunctness

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: death

10

noun

Meaning 10

no longer active; extinguished

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • the extinction of the volcano

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: inaction, inactivity, inactiveness

History

Etymology

From late Middle English, borrowed from Latin extinctio (“extinction, annihilation”), from extinguere, past participle extinctus (“to extinguish”); see extinguish.

Across languages

Translations

58 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Arabic: اِنْقِرَاض (inqirāḍ) — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Asturian: estinción — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Belarusian: выміра́нне (vymiránnje) — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Bulgarian: загасване (zagasvane) — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Bulgarian: потушаване (potušavane) — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Catalan: extinció — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Chinese Mandarin: 滅絕 /灭绝 (mièjué) — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Czech: zánik — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Czech: vymření — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Czech: vyhynutí — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Danish: uddøen — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Danish: tilintetgørelse — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Danish: udslettelse — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Dutch: uitsterven — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Esperanto: formorto — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Finnish: sukupuutto — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • French: extinction — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Galician: extinción — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Georgian: გადაშენება (gadašeneba) — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Georgian: ამოწყვეტა (amoc̣q̇veṭa) — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Georgian: მოსპობა (mosṗoba) — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Georgian: ამოხოცვა (amoxocva) — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Georgian: ამოწყდომა (amoc̣q̇doma) — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • German: Aussterben — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Hebrew: הכחדה (hakkhada) — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Hindi: विलुप्त (vilupt) — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Hungarian: kihalás — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Hungarian: kipusztulás — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Icelandic: útdauði — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Indonesian: kepunahan — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Irish: díothú — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Japanese: 絶滅 (zetsumetsu) — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Kazakh: жойылу (joiylu) — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Kazakh: қырылу (qyrylu) — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Korean: 멸종 (myeoljong) — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Latin: exstinctiō — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Latin: extinctiō — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Latvian: izmiršana — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Macedonian: помор (pomor) — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Malay: kepupusan — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Māori: meto — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: utrydding — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: utdøying — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Polish: wymieranie — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Polish: wygaszenie — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Polish: wymarcie — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Polish: wytępienie — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Portuguese: extinção — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Russian: вымира́ние (vymiránije) — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Serbo-Croatian: izumiranje — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Spanish: extinción — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Swedish: utrotning — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Tagalog: paglipol — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Tagalog: lipol — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Tagalog: pagkalipol — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Thai: การสูญพันธุ์ (gaan-sǔun-pan) — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Ukrainian: вимира́ння (vymyránnja) — the action of making or becoming extinct
  • Yoruba: àkúrun — the action of making or becoming extinct
Real reading context

extinction in complete knowledge articles