Standard Lemma guide

famine

name · noun · 7 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ˈfæmɪn/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -æmɪn
  • CMU ARPABET: F AE1 M AH0 N Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

name

Meaning 1

The personification of famine, often depicted riding a black horse.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: human-sciences, mysticism, mythology, philosophy, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

Extreme shortage of food in a region.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

A period of extreme shortage of food in a region.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable

Examples

  • 1986, United States Congress, House Select Committee on Hunger, Committee on Foreign Affairs, Subcommittee on Africa, Famine and Recovery in Africa The root causes of the current famine are known: poverty, low health standards....

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

Starvation or malnutrition.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, dated, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

Severe shortage or lack of something.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Examples

  • the Lancashire Cotton Famine

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

a severe shortage of food (as through crop failure) resulting in violent hunger and starvation and death

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: calamity, catastrophe, disaster, tragedy, cataclysm

Narrower terms: the Irish Famine, the Great Hunger, the Great Starvation, the Great Calamity

7

noun

Meaning 7

an acute insufficiency

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: dearth, shortage

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: lack, deficiency, want

History

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French famine, itself from the root of Latin fames. Cognate with Spanish hambruna (“famine”).

Across languages

Translations

159 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Polish: Głód — personification of famine
  • Russian: Го́лод (Gólod) — personification of famine
  • Afar: qulul — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Afrikaans: hongersnood — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Ainu: ケㇺ (kem) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Arabic: مَجَاعَة (majāʕa) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Armenian: սով (sov) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Aromanian: foamitã — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Azerbaijani: aclıq — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Bashkir: аслыҡ (aslıq) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Bashkir: йот (yot) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Basque: gosete — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Belarusian: го́лад (hólad) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Bulgarian: глад (glad) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Burmese: အငတ်ဘေး (a.ngatbhe:) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Cherokee: ᎠᎪᎾ (agona) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Chichewa: njala — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Chinese Mandarin: 饑荒 /饥荒 (jīhuāng) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Coptic: ϩⲕⲟ (hko) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Czech: hladomor — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Czech: hlad — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Danish: hungersnød — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Dutch: hongersnood — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Esperanto: malsatego — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Estonian: näljahäda — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Finnish: nälänhätä — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • French: famine — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • French: disette — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • West-Frisian: hongersneed — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • West-Frisian: breakrapte — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Galician: laceira — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Galician: langrina — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Galician: lambrina — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Galician: gambrina — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Galician: gatuza — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Galician: garula — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Georgian: შიმშილი (šimšili) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Georgian: შიმშილობა (šimšiloba) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • German: Hungersnot — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • German: Hunger — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Gothic: 𐌷𐌿𐌷𐍂𐌿𐍃 (hūhrus) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Greek: λιμός (limós) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Greek: πείνα (peína) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Ancient Greek: λιμός (limós) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Gujarati: દુષ્કાળ (duṣkāḷ) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Hebrew: רָעָב (ra'áv) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Hindi: अकाल (akāl) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Hungarian: éhínség — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Icelandic: hungursneyð — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Ido: famino — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Irish: gorta — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Italian: carestia — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Japanese: 飢饉 (kikin) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Kabuverdianu: fómi — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Kashmiri: درٛاگ (drāg) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Kazakh: ашаршылық (aşarşylyq) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Kazakh: аштық (aştyq) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Khmer: ទុរ្ភិក្ស (tu’rəphik) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Korean: 기아 (gia) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Korean: 기근 (gigeun) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Northern Kurdish: xela — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Kyrgyz: ачтык (actık) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Latin: famēs — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Latvian: bads — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Lithuanian: badmetis — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Lithuanian: alkis — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Lithuanian: badas — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Macedonian: глад (glad) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Malayalam: പട്ടിണി (paṭṭiṇi) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Mansaka: gutum — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Māori: matekaitanga — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Maranao: kanggotma — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Mauritian Creole: lafaminn — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Mongolian: өлсгөлөн (ölsgölön) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Navajo: hodichin — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Navajo: dichin — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Norwegian Bokmål: hungersnød — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: hungersnaud — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: hungersnød — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Occitan: famina — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Church Slavic: гладъ (gladŭ) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Old English: hungor — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Persian: قحطی (qahti) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Persian: گرسنگی (gorosnegi) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Plautdietsch: Hungaschnoot — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Polish: głód — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Polish: klęska głodu — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Portuguese: fome — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Romanian: foamete — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Russian: го́лод (gólod) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Saho: culul — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Scottish Gaelic: gort — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Serbo-Croatian: глад — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Serbo-Croatian: glad — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Slovak: hladomor — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Slovak: hlad — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Slovene: lakota — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Lower Sorbian: głod — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Upper Sorbian: hłód — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Spanish: hambruna — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Spanish: hambre — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Spanish: fame (disused) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Spanish: fambre (disused) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Spanish: fiaca — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Swedish: hungersnöd — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Tagalog: taggutom — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Tajik: гуруснагӣ (gurusnagi) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Tamil: பஞ்சம் (pañcam) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Tatar: ачлык (açlıq) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Thai: ทุพภิกขภัย (túp-pík-kà-pai) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Thai: ข้าวยากหมากแพง (kâao yâak màak paeng) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Tibetan: མུ་གེ (mu ge) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Turkish: kıtlık — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Turkish: açlık — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Turkish: yokluk — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Turkish: darlık — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Ukrainian: го́лод (hólod) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Urdu: اکال (akāl) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Vietnamese: nạn đói — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Welsh: newyn — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Yiddish: הונגער (hunger) — extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Armenian: սով (sov) — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Belarusian: го́лад (hólad) — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Bulgarian: глад (glad) — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Burmese: ဒုဗ္ဘိက္ခန္တရကပ် (dubbhikhkanta.ra.kap) — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Literary Chinese: 饑饉 (jījǐn) — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Chinese Mandarin: 饑荒 /饥荒 (jīhuāng) — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Czech: hladomor — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Czech: hlad — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Finnish: nälänhätä — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • French: famine — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • German: Hungersnot — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • German: Hunger — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Gothic: 𐌷𐌿𐌷𐍂𐌿𐍃 (hūhrus) — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Ancient Greek: λιμός (limós) — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Hindi: अकाल (akāl) — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Irish: gorta — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Italian: carestia — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Kabuverdianu: fómi — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Māori: matekaitanga — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Māori: tau tukuroa — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Māori: tau nihoroa — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Old English: hungor — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Plautdietsch: Hungaschnoot — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Polish: głód — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Polish: klęska głodu — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Portuguese: fome — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Romanian: foamete — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Russian: го́лод (gólod) — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Slovak: hladomor — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Slovak: hlad — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Lower Sorbian: głod — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Swedish: svält — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Tagalog: taggutom — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Turkish: kıtlık — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Turkish: açlık — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Ukrainian: го́лод (hólod) — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Ukrainian: голодомо́р (holodomór) — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
  • Welsh: newyn — a period of extreme shortage of food in a region
Real reading context

famine in complete knowledge articles