Standard Lemma guide

file

name · noun · verb · 32 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • UK, US: /faɪl/
  • UK, US: [faɪ̯(ə)ɫ]
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -aɪl
  • CMU ARPABET: F AY1 L Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

name

Meaning 1

A surname.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

A collection of papers collated and archived together.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

A roll or list.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

A course of thought; a thread of narration.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

An aggregation of data on a storage device, identified by a name.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: computing, engineering, mathematics, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, sciences

Examples

  • He had created a file for coding to design a new product.
  • I'm going to delete these unwanted files to free up some disk space.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

A row of modular kitchen units and a countertop, consisting of cabinets and appliances below (dishwasher) and next to (stove/cooker) a countertop.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Examples

  • Many homes now have double-file kitchens.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

noun

Meaning 7

Clipping of file cabinet.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: Canada, US, abbreviation, alt-of, clipping

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

8

noun

Meaning 8

A column of people one behind another, whether "single file" or in a grid pattern.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Examples

  • The troops marched in Indian file.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: rank

9

noun

Meaning 9

A small detachment of soldiers.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: government, military, politics, war

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

10

noun

Meaning 10

One of the eight vertical lines of squares on a chessboard (i.e., those identified by a letter).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: board-games, chess, games

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: rank

11

noun

Meaning 11

A tool consisting of a strip or rod of hardened and coarse metal, used for removing sharp edges, shaping, and cutting, especially through metal; usually a hand tool.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: tool

12

noun

Meaning 12

A cunning or resourceful person.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: archaic, slang

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

13

noun

Meaning 13

A pickpocket.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: obsolete, slang

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

14

verb

Meaning 14

To commit (official papers) to some office.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • She filed their accounts yesterday.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

15

verb

Meaning 15

(of a journalist) To submit (an article) to a newspaper or similar publication.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • I filed my copy soon after the interview.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

16

verb

Meaning 16

To place in an archive in a logical place and order.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • Troves of documents filed away in the depository.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

17

verb

Meaning 17

To store a file (aggregation of data) on a storage medium such as a disc or another computer.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

18

verb

Meaning 18

To submit a formal request to some office.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive, transitive

Topics: law

Examples

  • She filed for divorce the next day.
  • The company filed for bankruptcy when the office opened on Monday.
  • They filed for a refund under their warranty.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

19

verb

Meaning 19

To set in order; to arrange, or lay away.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: obsolete, transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

20

verb

Meaning 20

To move in a file.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

Examples

  • The applicants kept filing into the room until it was full.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

21

verb

Meaning 21

To smooth, grind, or cut with a file.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • I'd better file the bottoms of the table legs. Otherwise they will scratch the flooring.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

22

verb

Meaning 22

To defile.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: archaic

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: befoul, foil, inquinate, assoil, beclart, bedaub, bedirty, imbrue (especially with blood), bedizen, befile, befilth, begrime, beray, beshit, besmear, besmirch, besully, bewray, blacken, blot, blur, clat, contaminate, darken, defile, dirten, dirty, elt, file, foul, gunk, gunk up, scunge, sling mud, slotter, slur, smear, smirch, smudge, smut, smutch, soil, soss, sowl, spot, stain, sullow, sully, tarnish, uggle

Antonyms: none provided

23

verb

Meaning 23

To corrupt.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: immoralize, lead astray, warp, adulterate, corrupt, debauch, demoralize, detort, file, pervert, pollute, preposterate, seduce, sophisticate, suborn, subvert, tamper, unmoralize, vitiate

Antonyms: none provided

24

noun

Meaning 24

a steel hand tool with small sharp teeth on some or all of its surfaces; used for smoothing wood or metal

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: hand tool

Narrower terms: blunt file, flat file, nailfile, rasp, wood file, rat-tail file, round file, taper file

25

noun

Meaning 25

office furniture consisting of a container for keeping papers in order

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: file cabinet, filing cabinet

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: office furniture

Narrower terms: card index, card catalog, card catalogue, vertical file

26

noun

Meaning 26

a set of related records (either written or electronic) kept together

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: data file

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: record

Narrower terms: computer file, mug file, mug book, tickler, tickler file, Combined DNA Index System

27

noun

Meaning 27

a line of persons or things ranged one behind the other

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: single file, Indian file

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: line

Narrower terms: snake dance, column

28

verb

Meaning 28

file a formal charge against

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • The suspect was charged with murdering his wife

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: charge, lodge

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: accuse, impeach, incriminate, criminate

Narrower terms: impeach

29

verb

Meaning 29

place in a container for keeping records

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • File these bills, please

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: file away

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: record, enter, put down

30

verb

Meaning 30

record in a public office or in a court of law

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • file for divorce
  • file a complaint

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: register

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: register

Narrower terms: trademark

31

verb

Meaning 31

smooth with a file

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • file one's fingernails

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: smooth, smoothen

32

verb

Meaning 32

proceed in line

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • The students filed into the classroom

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: march, process

History

Etymology

From Old French fil (“thread”), from Latin fīlum (“thread”). Doublet of filum.

From French file, from filer (“to spin out, arrange one behind another”), from Latin fīlāre, from filum (“thread”).

From Middle English file, fyle, from Old English fēl, fēol (“file”), from earlier fīil, from Proto-Germanic *finhlō, *finhilō (“file, rasp”), from Proto-Indo-European *peyḱ- (“to adorn, form”). Cognate with West Frisian file (“file”), Dutch vijl (“file”), German Feile (“file”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish fil (“file”), Icelandic þjöl (“rasp, file”).

From Middle English filen (“to defile”), from Old English fȳlan (“to defile, make foul”), from Proto-West Germanic *fūlijan (“to make foul”). More at defile.

Across languages

Translations

522 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Afrikaans: lêer — collection of papers
  • Arabic: مِلَفّ (milaff) — collection of papers
  • Arabic: ملف (malaf) — collection of papers
  • Arabic: دوسيه (dōsē) — collection of papers
  • Arabic: ملف (malaf) — collection of papers
  • Armenian: թղթապանակ (tʻġtʻapanak) — collection of papers
  • Belarusian: спра́ва (správa) — collection of papers
  • Belarusian: па́пка (pápka) — collection of papers
  • Belarusian: дасье́ (dasʹjé) — collection of papers
  • Bulgarian: па́пка (pápka) — collection of papers
  • Bulgarian: досие́ (dosié) — collection of papers
  • Burmese: ဖိုင် (hpuing) — collection of papers
  • Catalan: arxiu — collection of papers
  • Catalan: fitxer — collection of papers
  • Chinese Cantonese: 檔案 /档案 (dong2 on3) — collection of papers
  • Chinese Mandarin: 檔案 /档案 (dàng'àn) — collection of papers
  • Czech: pořadač — collection of papers
  • Czech: archiv — collection of papers
  • Czech: složka — collection of papers
  • Czech: šanon — collection of papers
  • Danish: arkivalie — collection of papers
  • Dutch: dossier — collection of papers
  • Dutch: ordner — collection of papers
  • Esperanto: dosiero — collection of papers
  • Estonian: toimik — collection of papers
  • Finnish: kansio — collection of papers
  • French: fichier — collection of papers
  • French: dossier — collection of papers
  • Georgian: ქლიბი (klibi) — collection of papers
  • German: Akte — collection of papers
  • German: Datei — collection of papers
  • German: Hefter — collection of papers
  • German: Ordner — collection of papers
  • German: Kartei — collection of papers
  • German: Dossier — collection of papers
  • Greek: αρχείο (archeío) — collection of papers
  • Hungarian: akta — collection of papers
  • Ido: dosiero — collection of papers
  • Ido: dokumentaro — collection of papers
  • Indonesian: berkas — collection of papers
  • Irish: comhad — collection of papers
  • Italian: archivio — collection of papers
  • Italian: cartella — collection of papers
  • Japanese: 綴じ込み (tojikomi) — collection of papers
  • Japanese: ファイル (fairu) — collection of papers
  • Kazakh: іс (ıs) — collection of papers
  • Korean: 서류철 (seoryucheol) — collection of papers
  • Korean: 파일 (pail) — collection of papers
  • Northern Kurdish: dosye — collection of papers
  • Kyrgyz: иш (iş) — collection of papers
  • Kyrgyz: көктөмө (köktömö) — collection of papers
  • Lao: ແຟ້ມ (fǣm) — collection of papers
  • Latvian: lieta — collection of papers
  • Lithuanian: byla — collection of papers
  • Macedonian: досие́ (dosié) — collection of papers
  • Macedonian: картоте́ка (kartotéka) — collection of papers
  • Malayalam: പ്രമാണം (pramāṇaṁ) — collection of papers
  • Maltese: arkivju — collection of papers
  • Maltese: fajl — collection of papers
  • Manchu: ᡩᠠᠩᠰᡝ (dangse) — collection of papers
  • Marshallese: baeļ — collection of papers
  • Norwegian Bokmål: arkiv — collection of papers
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: arkiv — collection of papers
  • Pashto: دوسيه (dosya) — collection of papers
  • Iranian Persian: پَرْوَنْدِه (parvande) — collection of papers
  • Iranian Persian: دوسِیِه (dosiye) — collection of papers
  • Polish: kartoteka — collection of papers
  • Polish: katalog — collection of papers
  • Polish: plik — collection of papers
  • Portuguese: arquivo — collection of papers
  • Portuguese: ficheiro — collection of papers
  • Romanian: fișier — collection of papers
  • Romanian: dosar — collection of papers
  • Russian: де́ло (délo) — collection of papers
  • Russian: па́пка (pápka) — collection of papers
  • Russian: досье́ (dosʹjé) — collection of papers
  • Russian: пачка (pačka) — collection of papers
  • Russian: связка (svjazka) — collection of papers
  • Serbo-Croatian: фасцѝкл — collection of papers
  • Serbo-Croatian: датоте́ка — collection of papers
  • Serbo-Croatian: досје — collection of papers
  • Serbo-Croatian: fascìkl — collection of papers
  • Serbo-Croatian: datotéka — collection of papers
  • Serbo-Croatian: dosje — collection of papers
  • Slovak: spis — collection of papers
  • Slovak: šanón — collection of papers
  • Slovak: archív — collection of papers
  • Slovene: fascikel — collection of papers
  • Slovene: mapa — collection of papers
  • Slovene: dosje — collection of papers
  • Sotho: faele — collection of papers
  • Spanish: archivo — collection of papers
  • Spanish: cartapacio — collection of papers
  • Swedish: arkiv — collection of papers
  • Tajik: парванда (parvanda) — collection of papers
  • Tajik: кор (kor) — collection of papers
  • Thai: แฟ้ม (fɛ́ɛm) — collection of papers
  • Turkish: dosya — collection of papers
  • Ukrainian: спра́ва (správa) — collection of papers
  • Ukrainian: па́пка (pápka) — collection of papers
  • Ukrainian: досьє́ (dosʹjé) — collection of papers
  • Uyghur: ئارخىپ (arxip) — collection of papers
  • Uyghur: ھۆججەت (höjjet) — collection of papers
  • Uzbek: ish — collection of papers
  • Uzbek: dosye — collection of papers
  • Vietnamese: tập tin — collection of papers
  • Afrikaans: lêer — computing, aggregation of data
  • Albanian: skedë — computing, aggregation of data
  • Amharic: ፋይል (fayl) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Arabic: مِلَفّ (milaff) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Arabic: مَلَف (malaf) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Armenian: նիշք (niškʻ) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Armenian: ֆայլ (fayl) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Azerbaijani: fayl — computing, aggregation of data
  • Belarusian: файл (fajl) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Bengali: ফাইল (phail) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Bulgarian: файл (fajl) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Burmese: ဖိုင် (hpuing) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Catalan: arxiu — computing, aggregation of data
  • Catalan: fitxer — computing, aggregation of data
  • Chinese Cantonese: 文件 — computing, aggregation of data
  • Chinese Cantonese: 檔案 /档案 (dong2 on3) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Chinese Mandarin: 文件 (wénjiàn) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Chinese Mandarin: 檔案 /档案 (dàng'àn) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Czech: soubor — computing, aggregation of data
  • Danish: fil — computing, aggregation of data
  • Dutch: bestand — computing, aggregation of data
  • Dutch: file — computing, aggregation of data
  • Esperanto: dosiero — computing, aggregation of data
  • Estonian: fail — computing, aggregation of data
  • Estonian: säilik — computing, aggregation of data
  • Finnish: tiedosto — computing, aggregation of data
  • French: fichier — computing, aggregation of data
  • West-Frisian: bestân — computing, aggregation of data
  • West-Frisian: triem — computing, aggregation of data
  • Gagauz: fayl — computing, aggregation of data
  • Georgian: ფაილი (paili) — computing, aggregation of data
  • German: Datei — computing, aggregation of data
  • German: File — computing, aggregation of data
  • Greek: αρχείο (archeío) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Hebrew: קוֹבֶץ (kovéts) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Hindi: फ़ाइल (fāil) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Hungarian: fájl — computing, aggregation of data
  • Hungarian: adatállomány — computing, aggregation of data
  • Icelandic: skrá — computing, aggregation of data
  • Icelandic: tölvuskrá — computing, aggregation of data
  • Ido: failo — computing, aggregation of data
  • Ido: savaro — computing, aggregation of data
  • Indonesian: berkas — computing, aggregation of data
  • Indonesian: fail — computing, aggregation of data
  • Irish: comhad — computing, aggregation of data
  • Italian: file — computing, aggregation of data
  • Japanese: ファイル (fairu) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Kapampangan: simpan — computing, aggregation of data
  • Kazakh: файл (fail) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Khmer: ឯកសារ (ʼaekaʼsaa) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Korean: 파일 (pail) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Kyrgyz: файл (fayl) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Ladino: dosya — computing, aggregation of data
  • Lao: ໄຟລ໌ (flai) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Lao: ແຟ້ມ (fǣm) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Latin: fasciculus — computing, aggregation of data
  • Latvian: fails — computing, aggregation of data
  • Latvian: datne — computing, aggregation of data
  • Lithuanian: failas — computing, aggregation of data
  • Luxembourgish: Fichier — computing, aggregation of data
  • Macedonian: податоте́ка (podatotéka) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Macedonian: датоте́ка (datotéka) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Macedonian: фајл (fajl) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Malay: fail — computing, aggregation of data
  • Maltese: fajl — computing, aggregation of data
  • Māori: kōnae — computing, aggregation of data
  • Marshallese: baeļ — computing, aggregation of data
  • Mongolian: файл (fajl) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Norwegian Bokmål: fil — computing, aggregation of data
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: fil — computing, aggregation of data
  • Occitan: fichièr — computing, aggregation of data
  • Iranian Persian: پَرْوَنْدِه (parvande) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Iranian Persian: فایْل (fâyl) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Polish: plik — computing, aggregation of data
  • Portuguese: arquivo — computing, aggregation of data
  • Portuguese: ficheiro — computing, aggregation of data
  • Romanian: fișier — computing, aggregation of data
  • Russian: файл (fajl) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Scots: fyle — computing, aggregation of data
  • Scottish Gaelic: faidhle — computing, aggregation of data
  • Serbo-Croatian: датоте́ка — computing, aggregation of data
  • Serbo-Croatian: фа̑јл — computing, aggregation of data
  • Serbo-Croatian: datotéka — computing, aggregation of data
  • Serbo-Croatian: fȃjl — computing, aggregation of data
  • Slovak: súbor — computing, aggregation of data
  • Slovene: datoteka — computing, aggregation of data
  • Slovene: fajl — computing, aggregation of data
  • Sotho: faele — computing, aggregation of data
  • Spanish: archivo — computing, aggregation of data
  • Spanish: fichero — computing, aggregation of data
  • Swedish: fil — computing, aggregation of data
  • Tagalog: talaksan — computing, aggregation of data
  • Tajik: файл (fayl) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Tajik: парванда (parvanda) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Tatar: файл (fayl) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Thai: ไฟล์ (faai) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Tigrinya: ፋይል (fayl) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Turkish: dosya — computing, aggregation of data
  • Turkmen: faýl — computing, aggregation of data
  • Ukrainian: файл (fajl) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Urdu: فائِل (fāil) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Uyghur: ھۆججەت (höjjet) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Uzbek: fayl — computing, aggregation of data
  • Vietnamese: tệp — computing, aggregation of data
  • Vietnamese: tập tin — computing, aggregation of data
  • Vietnamese: tệp tin — computing, aggregation of data
  • Welsh: ffeil — computing, aggregation of data
  • Yiddish: טעקע (teke) — computing, aggregation of data
  • Dutch: keukenblok — kitchen units and countertop
  • German: Küchenzeile — kitchen units and countertop
  • Bulgarian: коло́на (kolóna) — column of people
  • Chinese Mandarin: 列 (liè) — column of people
  • Czech: zástup — column of people
  • Danish: kø — column of people
  • Dutch: rij — column of people
  • Dutch: kolonne — column of people
  • Dutch: file — column of people
  • Esperanto: vico — column of people
  • Estonian: kolonn — column of people
  • Finnish: jono — column of people
  • French: file — column of people
  • German: Reihe — column of people
  • Greek: σειρά (seirá) — column of people
  • Greek: συστοιχία (systoichía) — column of people
  • Ancient Greek: στοῖχος (stoîkhos) — column of people
  • Italian: fila — column of people
  • Japanese: 列 (retsu) — column of people
  • Korean: 줄 (jul) — column of people
  • Korean: 열 (yeol) — column of people
  • Korean: 렬 (ryeol) — column of people
  • Latvian: ierinda — column of people
  • Latvian: rinda — column of people
  • Macedonian: низа (niza) — column of people
  • Macedonian: строј (stroj) — column of people
  • Macedonian: коло́на (kolóna) — column of people
  • Maltese: ringiela — column of people
  • Māori: kaha — column of people
  • Portuguese: fila — column of people
  • Russian: коло́нна (kolónna) — column of people
  • Russian: верени́ца (vereníca) — column of people
  • Russian: шере́нга (šerénga) — column of people
  • Russian: строй (stroj) — column of people
  • Slovene: kolona — column of people
  • Spanish: fila — column of people
  • Swedish: fil — column of people
  • Swedish: kö — column of people
  • Thai: แถว (tɛ̌o) — column of people
  • Māori: kaha — small detachment of soldiers
  • Māori: kaha tauā — small detachment of soldiers
  • Bulgarian: вертика́ла (vertikála) — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Catalan: columna — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Czech: sloupec — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Danish: linje — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Dutch: lijn — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Estonian: liin — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Finnish: linja — chess: vertical line of squares
  • French: colonne — chess: vertical line of squares
  • German: Linie — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Greek: στήλη (stíli) — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Hungarian: vonal — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Italian: colonna — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Japanese: 列 (retsu) — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Latvian: vertikāle — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Lithuanian: vertikalė — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Norwegian Bokmål: linje — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Polish: kolumna — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Portuguese: linha — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Portuguese: coluna — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Romanian: coloană — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Russian: вертика́ль (vertikálʹ) — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Serbo-Croatian: линија — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Serbo-Croatian: linija — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Slovak: stĺp — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Slovene: linija — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Spanish: columna — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Swedish: linje — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Vietnamese: cột — chess: vertical line of squares
  • Albanian: limë — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Arabic: مِبْرَد (mibrad) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Arabic: مبرد (mabrad) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Arabic: مبرد (mabrad) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Armenian: խարտոց (xartocʻ) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Azerbaijani: yeyə — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Azerbaijani: törpü — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Azerbaijani: əyə — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Azerbaijani: suvand — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Bashkir: игәү (igəw) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Basque: lima — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Belarusian: напі́льнік (napílʹnik) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Bengali: রেতি (reti) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Bulgarian: пила́ (pilá) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Burmese: တံစဉ်း (tamcany:) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Carpathian Rusyn: пильник (pylʹnyk) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Catalan: llima — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Chinese Mandarin: 銼 /锉 (cuò) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Chinese Mandarin: 銼刀 /锉刀 (cuòdāo) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Czech: pilník — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Danish: fil — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Daur: xaur — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Dutch: vijl — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Esperanto: fajlilo — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Estonian: viil — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Finnish: viila — cutting or smoothing tool
  • French: lime — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Georgian: ქლიბი (klibi) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • German: Feile — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Old High German: fīla — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Greek: λίμα (líma) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Ancient Greek: ῥίνη (rhínē) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Hebrew: פְּצִירָה (p'tsirá) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Hebrew: שׁוֹפִין (shofin) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Hindi: रेती (retī) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Hungarian: reszelő — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Icelandic: þjöl — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Ingrian: napilka — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Italian: lima — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Italian: limetta — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Japanese: 鑢 (yasuri) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Kazakh: егеу (egeu) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Kazakh: түрпі (türpı) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Kazakh: қылауық (qylauyq) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Khmer: អង្រូស (ʼɑɑʼɑngruuh) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Korean: 줄 (jul) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Kyrgyz: өгөө (ögöö) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Lao: ຕະໄບ (ta bai) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Latin: līma — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Latvian: vīle — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Lithuanian: dildė — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Lithuanian: brūžiklis — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Macedonian: турпија (turpija) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Macedonian: еге (ege) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Macedonian: пила (pila) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Malay: kikir — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Malayalam: അരം (araṁ) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Maltese: lima — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Māori: whaiuru — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Mongolian: хуурай (xuuraj) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Norwegian Bokmål: fil — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Iranian Persian: سوهان (suhân) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Polish: pilnik — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Portuguese: lima — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Portuguese: lixa — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Romanian: pilă — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Russian: напи́льник (napílʹnik) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Russian: пи́лка (pílka) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Russian: пи́лочка (píločka) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Russian: на́дфиль (nádfilʹ) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Salar: ege — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Scottish Gaelic: eighe — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Serbo-Croatian: ту̀рпија — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Serbo-Croatian: tùrpija — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Slovak: pilník — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Slovene: pila — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Lower Sorbian: filnik — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Spanish: lima — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Spanish: limatón — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Spanish: mediacaña — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Swedish: fil — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Tagalog: kikil — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Tajik: сӯҳон (sühon) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Telugu: ఆకురాయి (ākurāyi) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Thai: ตะไบ (dtà-bai) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Turkish: eğe — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Turkish: törpü — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Ottoman Turkish: اگه (eğe) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Ottoman Turkish: تورپو (törpü) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Ottoman Turkish: راسپه (raspa) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Ottoman Turkish: مبرد (mibred) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Ottoman Turkish: سوهان (suhan) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Turkmen: ige — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Ukrainian: напи́лок (napýlok) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Ukrainian: пи́лка (pýlka) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Urdu: ریتی (retī) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Uzbek: egov — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Venetan: łima — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Vietnamese: giũa — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Welsh: rhathell — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Yiddish: פֿײַל (fayl) — cutting or smoothing tool
  • Bulgarian: подавам (podavam) — transitive: to commit papers
  • Czech: podat — transitive: to commit papers
  • Danish: arkivere — transitive: to commit papers
  • Estonian: esitama — transitive: to commit papers
  • Finnish: jättää — transitive: to commit papers
  • Finnish: nostaa — transitive: to commit papers
  • German: Antrag stellen — transitive: to commit papers
  • German: einreichen — transitive: to commit papers
  • German: eingeben — transitive: to commit papers
  • Greek: καταθέτω (katathéto) — transitive: to commit papers
  • Italian: archiviare — transitive: to commit papers
  • Japanese: 申請する (shinsei suru) — transitive: to commit papers
  • Japanese: 提起する (teiki suru) — transitive: to commit papers
  • Macedonian: поднесува (podnesuva) — transitive: to commit papers
  • Maltese: tiffajlja — transitive: to commit papers
  • Maltese: jiffajlja — transitive: to commit papers
  • Marshallese: baeļ — transitive: to commit papers
  • Norwegian: arkivere — transitive: to commit papers
  • Polish: wnosić — transitive: to commit papers
  • Polish: wnieść — transitive: to commit papers
  • Portuguese: arquivar — transitive: to commit papers
  • Russian: подава́ть докуме́нты (podavátʹ dokuménty) — transitive: to commit papers
  • Russian: подава́ть заявле́ние (podavátʹ zajavlénije) — transitive: to commit papers
  • Russian: подава́ть жа́лобу (podavátʹ žálobu) — transitive: to commit papers
  • Spanish: gestionar — transitive: to commit papers
  • Spanish: tramitar — transitive: to commit papers
  • Spanish: deparar — transitive: to commit papers
  • Turkish: başvuru yapmak — transitive: to commit papers
  • Turkish: müracaat etmek — transitive: to commit papers
  • Bulgarian: регистри́рам (registríram) — to archive
  • Bulgarian: картотеки́рам (kartotekíram) — to archive
  • Czech: založit — to archive
  • Czech: archivovat — to archive
  • Danish: arkivere — to archive
  • Dutch: archiveren — to archive
  • Estonian: arhiivima — to archive
  • Finnish: arkistoida — to archive
  • German: archivieren — to archive
  • German: abheften — to archive
  • German: einsortieren — to archive
  • Greek: αρχειοθετώ (archeiothetó) — to archive
  • Italian: archiviare — to archive
  • Japanese: 保管する (hokan suru) — to archive
  • Macedonian: архиви́ра (arhivíra) — to archive
  • Macedonian: регистри́ра (registríra) — to archive
  • Marshallese: baeļ — to archive
  • Norwegian: arkivere — to archive
  • Portuguese: arquivar — to archive
  • Russian: подшива́ть к де́лу (podšivátʹ k délu) — to archive
  • Russian: сдава́ть в архи́в (sdavátʹ v arxív) — to archive
  • Russian: регистри́ровать (registrírovatʹ) — to archive
  • Russian: архиви́ровать (arxivírovatʹ) — to archive
  • Swedish: arkivera — to archive
  • Turkish: arşivlemek — to archive
  • Bulgarian: запомням (zapomnjam) — to store computer data
  • Czech: uložit — to store computer data
  • Danish: lagre — to store computer data
  • Dutch: opslaan — to store computer data
  • Estonian: salvestama — to store computer data
  • Finnish: tallentaa — to store computer data
  • German: speichern — to store computer data
  • German: abspeichern — to store computer data
  • Greek: αρχειοθετώ (archeiothetó) — to store computer data
  • Japanese: 保存する (hozon suru) — to store computer data
  • Kapampangan: lulan — to store computer data
  • Marshallese: baeļ — to store computer data
  • Norwegian: lagre — to store computer data
  • Portuguese: salvar — to store computer data
  • Portuguese: guardar — to store computer data
  • Russian: запомина́ть (zapominátʹ) — to store computer data
  • Russian: запи́сывать (zapísyvatʹ) — to store computer data
  • Russian: сохраня́ть (soxranjátʹ) — to store computer data
  • Spanish: guardar — to store computer data
  • Turkish: saklamak — to store computer data
  • Czech: požádat — intransitive: to make a formal request
  • Danish: fremme — intransitive: to make a formal request
  • Finnish: hakea — intransitive: to make a formal request
  • Finnish: jättää hakemus — intransitive: to make a formal request
  • German: beantragen — intransitive: to make a formal request
  • German: einreichen — intransitive: to make a formal request
  • German: beanspruchen — intransitive: to make a formal request
  • Italian: depositare — intransitive: to make a formal request
  • Italian: intentare — intransitive: to make a formal request
  • Italian: presentare — intransitive: to make a formal request
  • Norwegian: inngi — intransitive: to make a formal request
  • Norwegian Bokmål: fremme — intransitive: to make a formal request
  • Portuguese: registrar — intransitive: to make a formal request
  • Russian: подава́ть заявле́ние (podavátʹ zajavlénije) — intransitive: to make a formal request
  • Spanish: gestionar — intransitive: to make a formal request
  • Spanish: cursar — intransitive: to make a formal request
  • Spanish: entablar — intransitive: to make a formal request
  • Turkish: başvurmak — intransitive: to make a formal request
  • Turkish: müracaat etmek — intransitive: to make a formal request
  • Turkish: talep etmek — intransitive: to make a formal request
  • Danish: defilere — move in a file or in a line
  • Esperanto: marŝi kolumne — move in a file or in a line
  • Māori: whakapinepine — move in a file or in a line
  • Bulgarian: пиля (pilja) — smooth with a file
  • Czech: pilovat — smooth with a file
  • Danish: file — smooth with a file
  • Dutch: vijlen — smooth with a file
  • Esperanto: fajli — smooth with a file
  • Estonian: viilima — smooth with a file
  • Finnish: viilata — smooth with a file
  • French: limer — smooth with a file
  • German: feilen — smooth with a file
  • Greek: λιμάρω (limáro) — smooth with a file
  • Greek: ρινίζω (rinízo) — smooth with a file
  • Hungarian: reszel — smooth with a file
  • Hungarian: megreszel — smooth with a file
  • Hungarian: lereszel — smooth with a file
  • Icelandic: sverfa — smooth with a file
  • Italian: limare — smooth with a file
  • Japanese: やすり掛け (yasuri gake) — smooth with a file
  • Korean: 쓸다 (sseulda) — smooth with a file
  • Latin: līmō — smooth with a file
  • Latvian: vīlēt — smooth with a file
  • Macedonian: струга (struga) — smooth with a file
  • Malayalam: രാകുക (rākuka) — smooth with a file
  • Maltese: jillima — smooth with a file
  • Maltese: tillima — smooth with a file
  • Māori: whaiuru — smooth with a file
  • Māori: tīwani — smooth with a file
  • Māori: tīwaniwani — smooth with a file
  • Polish: opiłować — smooth with a file
  • Polish: opiłowywać — smooth with a file
  • Portuguese: limar — smooth with a file
  • Portuguese: lixar — smooth with a file
  • Russian: подпи́ливать (podpílivatʹ) — smooth with a file
  • Russian: шлифова́ть (šlifovátʹ) — smooth with a file
  • Scottish Gaelic: lìomh — smooth with a file
  • Slovene: piliti — smooth with a file
  • Spanish: limar — smooth with a file
  • Swedish: fila — smooth with a file
  • Turkish: törpülemek — smooth with a file
  • Ottoman Turkish: تورپولمك (törpülemek) — smooth with a file
  • Vietnamese: giũa — smooth with a file
  • Yiddish: פֿײַלן (fayln) — smooth with a file