adv · 3 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot
Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.
Sound
Pronunciation
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General-American:/ˈfɔɹmɚli/
Received-Pronunciation:/ˈfɔːməli/
US:Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
homophone: formally (non-rhotic)
CMU ARPABET:F AO1 R M ER0 L IY0
Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
1
adv
Meaning 1
at some time in the past
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: not-comparable
Examples
Xenia Robertson, formerly known as Xenia Isaamov, is from Ukraine.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
2
adv
Meaning 2
previously; once
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: not-comparable
Examples
This ranch was formerly owned by slaveholders.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: at one time
Antonyms: none provided
3
adverb
Meaning 3
at a previous time;
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
at one time he loved her
her erstwhile writing
she was a dancer once
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: once, at one time, erstwhile, erst
Antonyms: none provided
History
Etymology
Etymology tree English former Middle English -ly English -ly English formerly From former + -ly.
Across languages
Translations
83 source translations are retained for this English entry.
Arabic:
كَانَ
(kāna)
— at some time in the past
Bashkir:
борон
(boron)
— at some time in the past
Bashkir:
элек
(elek)
— at some time in the past
Bulgarian:
преди
(predi)
— at some time in the past
Bulgarian:
в миналото
(v minaloto)
— at some time in the past
Catalan:
anteriorment
— at some time in the past
Chinese Mandarin:
以前
(yǐqián)
— at some time in the past
Czech:
dříve
— at some time in the past
Czech:
kdysi
— at some time in the past
Danish:
tidligere
— at some time in the past
Danish:
forhen
— at some time in the past
Danish:
fordum
— at some time in the past
Esperanto:
antaŭe
— at some time in the past
Finnish:
aiemmin
— at some time in the past
French:
auparavant
— at some time in the past
French:
autrefois
— at some time in the past
French:
anciennement
— at some time in the past
Georgian:
წინათ
(c̣inat)
— at some time in the past
German:
früher
— at some time in the past
German:
ehemals
— at some time in the past
Greek:
πρώην
(próin)
— at some time in the past
Hebrew:
לַשְׁעָבַר
(leshe‘avár)
— at some time in the past
Japanese:
旧来
(kyūrai)
— at some time in the past
Khmer:
អតីត
(ʼaʼdət)
— at some time in the past
Central Kurdish:
جاران
(caran)
— at some time in the past
Latin:
anteā
— at some time in the past
Māori:
irāmata
— at some time in the past
Māori:
inamata
— at some time in the past
Middle High German:
wīlen
— at some time in the past
Navajo:
ałkʼidą́ą́ʼ
— at some time in the past
Norwegian Bokmål:
tidligere
— at some time in the past
Old English:
ǣror
— at some time in the past
Polish:
przedtem
— at some time in the past
Polish:
wcześniej
— at some time in the past
Polish:
kiedyś
— at some time in the past
Polish:
dawniej
— at some time in the past
Portuguese:
antigamente
— at some time in the past
Russian:
когда́-то
(kogdá-to)
— at some time in the past
Russian:
не́когда
(nékogda)
— at some time in the past
Russian:
пре́жде
(préžde)
— at some time in the past
Sanskrit:
पुरा
(purā)
— at some time in the past
Scottish Gaelic:
roimhe
— at some time in the past
Spanish:
anteriormente
— at some time in the past
Spanish:
otrora
— at some time in the past
Spanish:
antes
— at some time in the past
Spanish:
antaño
— at some time in the past
Swedish:
fordom
— at some time in the past
Turkish:
eskiden
— at some time in the past
Turkish:
bir zaman
— at some time in the past
Turkish:
önceden
— at some time in the past
Turkish:
zamanında
— at some time in the past
Uyghur:
بالدۇر
(baldur)
— at some time in the past
Bashkir:
борон
(boron)
— previously; once
Bashkir:
элек
(elek)
— previously; once
Bashkir:
ҡасандыр
(qasandır)
— previously; once
Bulgarian:
някога
(njakoga)
— previously; once
Bulgarian:
преди
(predi)
— previously; once
Czech:
dříve
— previously; once
Danish:
tidligere
— previously; once
Esperanto:
antaŭe
— previously; once
Finnish:
aiemmin
— previously; once
Finnish:
kerran
— previously; once
Greek:
προηγούμενος
(proïgoúmenos)
— previously; once
Greek:
προηγουμένως
(proïgouménos)
— previously; once
Ancient Greek:
πρίν
(prín)
— previously; once
Japanese:
かつて
(katsute)
— previously; once
Central Kurdish:
لەمەو پێش
(lemew pêş)
— previously; once