Standard Lemma guide

grapheme

noun · 4 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈɡɹæ.fiːm/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • General-American: /ˈɡɹæ.fim/

1

noun

Meaning 1

A fundamental unit of a writing system, corresponding to (for example) letters in the English alphabet or jamo in Korean hangul.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

A sequence of one or more code points that are processed and displayed as a single graphical unit of a writing system.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Qualifier: Unicode

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: grapheme cluster

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

In alphabetic writing, the shortest group of letters composing a phoneme.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: human-sciences, linguistics, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

a written symbol that is used to represent speech

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • the Greek alphabet has 24 characters

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: character, graphic symbol

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: written symbol, printed symbol

Narrower terms: allograph, check character, superscript, superior, subscript, inferior, ASCII character, ligature, capital, capital letter, uppercase, upper-case letter, majuscule, small letter, lowercase, lower-case letter, minuscule, type, percent sign, percentage sign, asterisk, star, dagger, obelisk, double dagger, double obelisk, diesis, letter, letter of the alphabet, alphabetic character, space, blank, phonetic symbol, mathematical symbol, rune, runic letter, pictograph, ideogram, ideograph, radical, stenograph

History

Etymology

From Ancient Greek γράφω (gráphō, “write”) + -eme. Doublet of -gram.

Across languages

Translations

44 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Armenian: գրույթ (gruytʻ) — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Asturian: grafema — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Balinese: aksarabaga — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Belarusian: графе́ма (hrafjéma) — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Bulgarian: графе́ма (graféma) — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Catalan: grafema — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Chinese Mandarin: 字素 (zìsù) — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Chinese Mandarin: 字位 (zìwèi) — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Czech: grafém — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Dutch: grafeem — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Esperanto: grafemo — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Finnish: grafeemi — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • French: graphème — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Galician: grafema — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Georgian: გრაფემა (grapema) — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • German: Graphem — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Greek: γράφημα (gráfima) — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Hebrew: גְּרָפֶמָה — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Hungarian: graféma — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Italian: grafema — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Japanese: 書記素 (shokiso) — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Japanese: 字素 (jiso) — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Japanese: 文字素 (mojiso) — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Japanese: 図形素 (zukeiso) — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Kazakh: графема (grafema) — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Korean: 자소 (jaso) — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Korean: 문자소 (munjaso) — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Korean: 서기소 (seogiso) — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Macedonian: графема (grafema) — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Malay: grafem — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Māori: orotuhi — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Polish: grafem — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Portuguese: grafema — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Romanian: grafem — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Russian: графе́ма (graféma) — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Serbo-Croatian: гра̀фе̄м — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Serbo-Croatian: gràfēm — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Sicilian: grafima — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Slovak: graféma — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Spanish: grafema — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Swedish: grafem — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Thai: หน่วยอักขระ (nùai-àk-kà-rà) — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Ukrainian: графе́ма (hraféma) — fundamental unit of a writing system
  • Vietnamese: tự vị — fundamental unit of a writing system