Standard Lemma guide

grief

noun · verb · 6 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ɡɹiːf/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • UK: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -iːf
  • CMU ARPABET: G R IY1 F Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

Suffering, hardship.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Examples

  • The neighbour's teenagers give me grief every time they see me.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: difficulty, trouble, anguish, rend, distress, grief, hardship, pain, smart, torment, torture

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

Emotional pain, generally arising from misfortune, significant personal loss, bereavement, misconduct of oneself or others, etc.; sorrow; sadness.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Examples

  • She was worn out from so much grief.
  • The betrayal caused Jeff grief.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: dejection, misery, blueness, tristesse, mirthless, blues, crestfallenness, depression, despondency, distress, dolefulness, downheartedness, drearihead, forlornness, grief, heartsore, ill-being, infelicity, melancholia, melancholy, mishappiness, mourn, prosternation, regret, rue, ruth, sadness, sorrow, sorrowfulness, tristfulness, undelight, unhappiness, woe, woefare, wretchedness

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

A cause or instance of sorrow or pain; that which afflicts or distresses; a trial.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: hardship, sorrow, affliction, aggrievance, distress, grief, grievance, misery, ruth, sadness, undelight, vexation, woe, wrong

Antonyms: none provided

4

verb

Meaning 4

To deliberately harass and annoy or cause grief to other players of a game in order to interfere with their enjoyment of it; especially, to do this as one’s primary activity in the game, and especially by exploiting game mechanics without using cheats to do so, often through acts of destruction or vandalism.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: Internet

Topics: games, gaming

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: badger, bait, bedevil, beleaguer, persecute, dog, besiege, bug, devil, beset, chevy, give someone grief, harass, harry, hound, pester, pick at, plague, vex, afflict, lacerate, aggrieve, atray, cag, distress, engrieve, grame, harrow, torment, trouble, rend, wring

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

something that causes great unhappiness

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • her death was a great grief to John

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: sorrow

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: negative stimulus

6

noun

Meaning 6

intense sorrow caused by loss of a loved one (especially by death)

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: heartache, heartbreak, brokenheartedness

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: sorrow

Narrower terms: dolor, dolour

History

Etymology

From Middle English greef, gref, from Old French grief (“grave, heavy, grievous, sad”), from Latin gravis (“heavy, grievous, sad”). Doublet of grave.

Across languages

Translations

229 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Albanian: pikëllim — sadness
  • Albanian: mjerim — sadness
  • Arabic: غَمّ (ḡamm) — sadness
  • Arabic: حُزْن (ḥuzn) — sadness
  • Arabic: كَآبَة (kaʔāba) — sadness
  • Arabic: كَدَر (kadar) — sadness
  • Arabic: أَسَى (ʔasā) — sadness
  • Armenian: սուգ (sug) — sadness
  • Armenian: վիշտ (višt) — sadness
  • Azerbaijani: qəm — sadness
  • Azerbaijani: kədər — sadness
  • Azerbaijani: hüzn — sadness
  • Azerbaijani: dərd — sadness
  • Azerbaijani: ələm — sadness
  • Azerbaijani: qüssə — sadness
  • Azerbaijani: qəm-qüssə — sadness
  • Bashkir: ҡайғы (qayğı) — sadness
  • Belarusian: го́ра (hóra) — sadness
  • Belarusian: сму́так (smútak) — sadness
  • Belarusian: туга́ (tuhá) — sadness
  • Belarusian: ту́га (túha) — sadness
  • Belarusian: жаль (žalʹ) — sadness
  • Belarusian: журба́ (žurbá) — sadness
  • Belarusian: журбо́та (žurbóta) — sadness
  • Bengali: দুঃখ (dukkho) — sadness
  • Bengali: দেরেগ (dereg) — sadness
  • Bengali: গোসা (gōśa) — sadness
  • Bengali: নারাজী (naraji) — sadness
  • Bulgarian: мъ́ка (mǎ́ka) — sadness
  • Bulgarian: скръб (skrǎb) — sadness
  • Bulgarian: печа́л (pečál) — sadness
  • Bulgarian: тъга́ (tǎgá) — sadness
  • Burmese: ပရိဒေဝ (pa.ri.dewa.) — sadness
  • Burmese: အဆွေး (a.hcwe:) — sadness
  • Buryat: гуниг (gunig) — sadness
  • Catalan: dolor — sadness
  • Catalan: pena — sadness
  • Chinese Mandarin: 悲苦 (bēikǔ) — sadness
  • Chinese Mandarin: 感傷 /感伤 (gǎnshāng) — sadness
  • Chinese Mandarin: 悲哀 (bēi'āi) — sadness
  • Czech: žal — sadness
  • Czech: smutek — sadness
  • Danish: sorg — sadness
  • Dutch: rouw — sadness
  • Dutch: leedwezen — sadness
  • Dutch: smart — sadness
  • Dutch: verdriet — sadness
  • Egyptian: i-a:n-nw-W-A2 (jꜥnw) — sadness
  • Esperanto: ĉagreno — sadness
  • Estonian: lein — sadness
  • Ewe: konyifafa — sadness
  • Finnish: suru — sadness
  • Finnish: murhe — sadness
  • French: douleur — sadness
  • French: peine — sadness
  • Galician: pena — sadness
  • Galician: coita — sadness
  • Galician: pesar — sadness
  • Galician: dor — sadness
  • Galician: mágoa — sadness
  • Galician: dó — sadness
  • Georgian: წუხილი (c̣uxili) — sadness
  • German: Kummer — sadness
  • German: Gram — sadness
  • German: Leid — sadness
  • Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌹𐌸𐌰 (gauriþa) — sadness
  • Greek: πόνος (pónos) — sadness
  • Greek: θλίψη (thlípsi) — sadness
  • Greek: οδύνη (odýni) — sadness
  • Greek: συντριβή (syntriví) — sadness
  • Ancient Greek: λύπη (lúpē) — sadness
  • Hebrew: אֵבֶל (ével) — sadness
  • Hindi: दुःख (duḥkh) — sadness
  • Hindi: शोक (śok) — sadness
  • Hindi: ग़म (ġam) — sadness
  • Hindi: मातम (mātam) — sadness
  • Hungarian: gyász — sadness
  • Hungarian: bánat — sadness
  • Hungarian: bú — sadness
  • Hungarian: búbánat — sadness
  • Hungarian: szomorúság — sadness
  • Icelandic: sorg — sadness
  • Ido: chagreno — sadness
  • Indonesian: pilu — sadness
  • Ingrian: hallia — sadness
  • Ingrian: murhe — sadness
  • Ingrian: suru — sadness
  • Irish: brón — sadness
  • Irish: cumha — sadness
  • Irish: dobrón — sadness
  • Italian: dolore — sadness
  • Italian: pena — sadness
  • Italian: sofferenza — sadness
  • Japanese: 悲しみ (kanashimi) — sadness
  • Japanese: 悲哀 (hiai) — sadness
  • Kazakh: қайғы (qaiğy) — sadness
  • Kazakh: күйік (küiık) — sadness
  • Khmer: ពិធុរ (pithuʼ) — sadness
  • Khmer: សំណោក (sɑmnaok) — sadness
  • Khmer: អនុសោក (ʼaʼnusaok) — sadness
  • Kikuyu: kĩeha — sadness
  • Korean: 비애 (biae) — sadness
  • Korean: 슬픔 (seulpeum) — sadness
  • Central Kurdish: خەفەت (xefet) — sadness
  • Northern Kurdish: derd — sadness
  • Northern Kurdish: keser — sadness
  • Northern Kurdish: kovan — sadness
  • Northern Kurdish: xem — sadness
  • Kyrgyz: кайгы (kaygı) — sadness
  • Lao: ຄວາມໂສກເສົ້າ (khuām sōk sao) — sadness
  • Latin: aegritudo — sadness
  • Latin: dolor — sadness
  • Latin: tristitudo — sadness
  • Latvian: skumjas — sadness
  • Latvian: bēdas — sadness
  • Latvian: sirdēsti — sadness
  • Lithuanian: sielvartas — sadness
  • Lithuanian: širdgėla — sadness
  • Macedonian: тага (taga) — sadness
  • Macedonian: жал (žal) — sadness
  • Malay: duka — sadness
  • Malay: ratapan — sadness
  • Malay: sugul — sadness
  • Malay: dukachita — sadness
  • Malay: hiba — sadness
  • Māori: pāmamae — sadness
  • Māori: rāwakiwaki — sadness
  • Māori: pāpōuri — sadness
  • Māori: auhi — sadness
  • Marshallese: būrom̧ōj — sadness
  • Mongolian: зовлон (zovlon) — sadness
  • Mongolian: гашуудал (gašuudal) — sadness
  • Mongolian: гуниг (gunig) — sadness
  • Mongolian: гансрал (gansral) — sadness
  • Mongolian: гаслан (gaslan) — sadness
  • Mongolian: уй (uj) — sadness
  • Norwegian Bokmål: sorg — sadness
  • Occitan: dolor — sadness
  • Occitan: pena — sadness
  • Church Slavic: гор҄е (gorʹje) — sadness
  • Church Slavic: тѫга (tǫga) — sadness
  • Old East Slavic: туга (tuga) — sadness
  • Old East Slavic: печаль (pečalĭ) — sadness
  • Old English: caru — sadness
  • Pashto: غم (ǧam) — sadness
  • Pashto: خپګان (xapgān) — sadness
  • Pashto: خفګان (xafgān) — sadness
  • Persian: غم (ġam) — sadness
  • Persian: سوگ (sug) — sadness
  • Polish: żal — sadness
  • Polish: smutek — sadness
  • Polish: zmartwienie — sadness
  • Portuguese: pesar — sadness
  • Portuguese: mágoa — sadness
  • Portuguese: dor — sadness
  • Quechua: phutiy — sadness
  • Romanian: tristețe — sadness
  • Romanian: întristare — sadness
  • Romanian: mâhnire — sadness
  • Russian: го́ре (góre) — sadness
  • Russian: печа́ль (pečálʹ) — sadness
  • Russian: скорбь (skorbʹ) — sadness
  • Russian: кручи́на (kručína) — sadness
  • Russian: туга́ (tugá) — sadness
  • Sango: vundü — sadness
  • Sanskrit: दुःख (duḥkhá) — sadness
  • Scottish Gaelic: bròn — sadness
  • Scottish Gaelic: dòlas — sadness
  • Scottish Gaelic: doilgheas — sadness
  • Scottish Gaelic: èislean — sadness
  • Scottish Gaelic: mulad — sadness
  • Serbo-Croatian: ту́га — sadness
  • Serbo-Croatian: бе́да — sadness
  • Serbo-Croatian: бије́да — sadness
  • Serbo-Croatian: túga — sadness
  • Serbo-Croatian: béda — sadness
  • Serbo-Croatian: bijéda — sadness
  • Slovak: žiaľ — sadness
  • Slovak: smútok — sadness
  • Slovene: žalost — sadness
  • Southern Altai: кайгы (kaygï) — sadness
  • Spanish: pesar — sadness
  • Spanish: pesadumbre — sadness
  • Spanish: dolor — sadness
  • Spanish: sufrimiento — sadness
  • Spanish: pena — sadness
  • Spanish: calamidad — sadness
  • Spanish: sinsabor — sadness
  • Spanish: duelo — sadness
  • Spanish: desolación — sadness
  • Spanish: problemas — sadness
  • Spanish: guerra — sadness
  • Swahili: ghamu — sadness
  • Swedish: sorg — sadness
  • Swedish: bedrövelse — sadness
  • Tajik: ғам (ġam) — sadness
  • Tajik: суг (sug) — sadness
  • Tatar: кайгы (qayğı) — sadness
  • Thai: ความเศร้า (kwaam-sâo) — sadness
  • Turkish: hüzün — sadness
  • Turkish: keder — sadness
  • Turkish: yas — sadness
  • Turkmen: hasrat — sadness
  • Ukrainian: го́ре (hóre) — sadness
  • Ukrainian: жаль (žalʹ) — sadness
  • Ukrainian: печа́ль (pečálʹ) — sadness
  • Ukrainian: скорбо́та (skorbóta) — sadness
  • Ukrainian: сму́ток (smútok) — sadness
  • Ukrainian: ту́га (túha) — sadness
  • Ukrainian: журба́ (žurbá) — sadness
  • Ukrainian: жа́лощі (žálošči) — sadness
  • Ukrainian: журбо́та (žurbóta) — sadness
  • Urdu: غَم (ġam) — sadness
  • Uyghur: قايغۇ (qayghu) — sadness
  • Uyghur: دەرد (derd) — sadness
  • Uyghur: ھەسرەت (hesret) — sadness
  • Uyghur: غەم (ghem) — sadness
  • Uzbek: qaygʻu — sadness
  • Uzbek: gʻam — sadness
  • Uzbek: dogʻ — sadness
  • Uzbek: hasrat — sadness
  • Uzbek: dard — sadness
  • Vietnamese: buồn — sadness
  • Vietnamese: buồn rầu — sadness
  • Welsh: gofid — sadness
  • Welsh: galar — sadness
  • Zazaki: keder (diq) — sadness
  • Zazaki: qaxu — sadness
  • Zazaki: ğem (diq) — sadness
Real reading context

grief in complete knowledge articles