Standard Lemma guide

gulag

name · noun · verb · 7 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈɡuːlɑɡ/
  • Received-Pronunciation, sometimes: /-læɡ/
  • Received-Pronunciation: /ɡuːˈlɑk/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • General-American: /ˈɡuˌlɑɡ/
  • General-American, sometimes: /-ˌlæɡ/
  • rhymes with (Received Pronunciation) -ɑːk
  • CMU ARPABET: G Y UW1 L AE0 G Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
  • CMU ARPABET 2: G UW1 L AA2 G Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

name

Meaning 1

The government agency in charge of the Soviet Union's network of forced labour camps, which was established in 1918 and formally abolished in 1960.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: historical

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

Also GULAG: the system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: historical

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

A prison camp, especially one used to hold political prisoners.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: broadly

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

A place where, or political system in which, people with dissident views are routinely oppressed.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: also, broadly, figuratively

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

Alternative letter-case form of gulag.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: alt-of

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

verb

Meaning 6

To compel (someone) into a forced labour camp or a similar place of confinement or exile.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: also, figuratively, informal, transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

noun

Meaning 7

a Russian prison camp for political prisoners

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: prison camp, internment camp, prisoner of war camp, POW camp

History

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian ГУЛА́Г (GULÁG), the acronym of Гла́вное управле́ние исправи́тельно-трудовы́х лагере́й (Glávnoje upravlénije ispravítelʹno-trudovýx lageréj, “Chief Administration of Corrective-Labor Camps”): see the definition.

Borrowed from Russian ГУЛА́Г (GULÁG), the acronym of Гла́вное управле́ние исправи́тельно-трудовы́х лагере́й (Glávnoje upravlénije ispravítelʹno-trudovýx lageréj, “Chief Administration of Corrective-Labor Camps”), the government agency in charge of the Soviet Union’s network of forced labour camps, which was established in 1918 and formally abolished in 1960: see GULAG.

Across languages

Translations

86 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Belarusian: ГУЛА́Г (HULÁH) — government agency in charge of the Soviet Union’s network of forced labour camps
  • Polish: GUŁag — government agency in charge of the Soviet Union’s network of forced labour camps
  • Russian: ГУЛА́Г (GULÁG) — government agency in charge of the Soviet Union’s network of forced labour camps
  • Russian: ГУЛа́г (GULág) — government agency in charge of the Soviet Union’s network of forced labour camps
  • Russian: Гула́г (Gulág) — government agency in charge of the Soviet Union’s network of forced labour camps
  • Ukrainian: ГУЛА́Г (HULÁH) — government agency in charge of the Soviet Union’s network of forced labour camps
  • Ukrainian: ГУТА́Б (HUTÁB) — government agency in charge of the Soviet Union’s network of forced labour camps
  • Afrikaans: goelag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Arabic: غُولَاغ (ḡulāḡ) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Arabic: جُولَاج (gulāg) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Arabic: مُعَسْكَر عَمْل (muʕaskar ʕaml) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Armenian: Գուլագ (Gulag) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Asturian: gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Azerbaijani: Qulaq — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Azerbaijani: qulaq — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Basque: gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Belarusian: ГУЛА́Г (HULÁH) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Belarusian: гула́г (huláh) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Breton: goulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Catalan: gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Chinese Mandarin: 古拉格 (gǔlāgé) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Czech: gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Danish: gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Dutch: goelag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Esperanto: gulago — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Estonian: Gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Finnish: gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Finnish: vankileiri — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • French: goulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Galician: gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Georgian: გულაგი (gulagi) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • German: Gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • German: Gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • German: GULag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Greek: γκουλάγκ (gkoulágk) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Hebrew: גולאג — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Hindi: गूलाग (gūlāg) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Hungarian: gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Icelandic: gúlag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Ido: gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Indonesian: gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Italian: gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Japanese: グラグ (guragu) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Japanese: グラーグ (gurāgu) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Korean: 굴락 (gullak) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Korean: 굴라크 (gullakeu) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Northern Kurdish: gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Latvian: Gulags — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Lithuanian: Gulagas — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Macedonian: гулаг (gulag) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Marathi: गुलाग (gulāg) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Norwegian Bokmål: gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Persian: گولاگ (gulâg) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Polish: gułag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Portuguese: gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Punjabi: ਗੁਲਾਗ (gulāg) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Punjabi: گولاگ (golāg) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Romanian: gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Russian: ГУЛА́Г (GULÁG) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Russian: ГУЛа́г (GULág) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Russian: Гула́г (Gulág) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Russian: гула́г (gulág) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Serbo-Croatian: гу̏ла̄г — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Serbo-Croatian: gȕlāg — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Slovak: gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Slovene: gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Spanish: gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Swedish: gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Thai: กูลัก — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Turkish: gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Ukrainian: ГУЛА́Г (HULÁH) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Ukrainian: ГУТА́Б (HUTÁB) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Ukrainian: гула́г (huláh) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Ukrainian: гута́б (hutáb) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Urdu: گولاگ (gūlāg) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Uzbek: Gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Uzbek: gulag — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Yiddish: גולאַג (gulag) — system of all Soviet labour camps and prisons in use, especially during the Stalinist period (1930s–1950s)
  • Marathi: गुलाग (gulāg) — place where, or political system in which, people with dissident views are routinely oppressed
  • Polish: gułag — place where, or political system in which, people with dissident views are routinely oppressed
  • Russian: гулаг (gulag) — place where, or political system in which, people with dissident views are routinely oppressed
  • Russian: ГУЛАГ (GULAG) — place where, or political system in which, people with dissident views are routinely oppressed
  • French: goulaguer — to compel (someone) into a forced labour camp or a similar place of confinement or exile
  • Polish: zmuszać do pracy w obozie pracy — to compel (someone) into a forced labour camp or a similar place of confinement or exile
  • Polish: zmusić do pracy w obozie pracy — to compel (someone) into a forced labour camp or a similar place of confinement or exile
Real reading context

gulag in complete knowledge articles