Standard Lemma guide

half-life

noun · 5 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • US: /ˈhæfˌlaɪf/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.

1

noun

Meaning 1

The time required for half the nuclei in a sample of an isotope to undergo radioactive decay.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Qualifier: nuclear physics

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

In a chemical reaction, the time required for the concentration of a reactant to fall from a chosen value to half that value.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: physical

Topics: chemistry, natural-sciences, physical-sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

The time it takes for a substance (drug, radioactive nuclide, or other) to lose half of its pharmacological, physiologic, or radiological activity.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: medicine, pharmacology, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

The amount of time it takes for an idea or a fashion to lose half of its influential power.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

the time required for something to fall to half its initial value (in particular, the time for half the atoms in a radioactive substance to disintegrate)

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: half life

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: time period, period of time, period

History

Etymology

From half- + life.

Across languages

Translations

83 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Armenian: կիսատրոհման պարբերություն (kisatrohman parberutʻyun) — time in physics
  • Azerbaijani: yarımdağılma dövrü — time in physics
  • Belarusian: перыяд паўраспаду (pjeryjad pawraspadu) — time in physics
  • Bulgarian: период на полуразпад (period na polurazpad) — time in physics
  • Catalan: període de semidesintegració — time in physics
  • Catalan: període radioactiu — time in physics
  • Chinese Mandarin: 半衰期 (bànshuāiqī) — time in physics
  • Czech: poločas rozpadu — time in physics
  • Danish: halveringstid — time in physics
  • Dutch: halfwaardetijd — time in physics
  • Dutch: halveringstijd — time in physics
  • Esperanto: duoniĝa tempo — time in physics
  • Estonian: poolestusaeg — time in physics
  • Finnish: puoliintumisaika — time in physics
  • French: demi-vie — time in physics
  • Galician: período de semidesintegración — time in physics
  • Georgian: ნახევარდაშლის პერიოდი (naxevardašlis ṗeriodi) — time in physics
  • Georgian: ნახევრად დაშლის პერიოდი (naxevrad dašlis ṗeriodi) — time in physics
  • German: Halbwertszeit — time in physics
  • Greek: χρόνος ημιζωής (chrónos imizoḯs) — time in physics
  • Hindi: अर्धायु (ardhāyu) — time in physics
  • Hungarian: felezési idő — time in physics
  • Icelandic: helmingunartími — time in physics
  • Indonesian: waktu paruh — time in physics
  • Irish: leathré — time in physics
  • Italian: emivita — time in physics
  • Italian: semivita — time in physics
  • Japanese: 半減期 (hangenki) — time in physics
  • Kannada: ಅರ್ಧಾಯುಷ್ಯ (ardhāyuṣya) — time in physics
  • Kazakh: жартылай ыдырау мерзімі (jartylai ydyrau merzımı) — time in physics
  • Korean: 반감기 (ban'gamgi) — time in physics
  • Latvian: pussabrukšanas periods — time in physics
  • Lithuanian: pusėjimo trukmė — time in physics
  • Macedonian: период на полураспад (period na poluraspad) — time in physics
  • Malay: separuh hayat — time in physics
  • Malayalam: അർദ്ധായുസ്സ് (aṟddhāyussŭ) — time in physics
  • Norwegian Bokmål: halveringstid — time in physics
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: halveringstid — time in physics
  • Persian: نیمهعمر (nime-'omr) — time in physics
  • Polish: czas połowicznego rozpadu — time in physics
  • Polish: okres połowicznego rozpadu — time in physics
  • Portuguese: meia-vida — time in physics
  • Portuguese: semivida — time in physics
  • Romanian: perioadă de înjumătățire — time in physics
  • Russian: пери́од полураспа́да (períod poluraspáda) — time in physics
  • Serbo-Croatian: vreme poluraspada — time in physics
  • Slovak: polčas premeny — time in physics
  • Slovene: razpolovni čas — time in physics
  • Spanish: periodo de semidesintegración — time in physics
  • Spanish: semivida — time in physics
  • Spanish: vida media — time in physics
  • Swedish: halveringstid — time in physics
  • Tagalog: kalahatimbuhay — time in physics
  • Tamil: அரைவாழ்வுக் காலம் (araivāḻvuk kālam) — time in physics
  • Telugu: అర్థ జీవితకాలం (artha jīvitakālaṁ) — time in physics
  • Thai: ครึ่งชีวิต — time in physics
  • Ukrainian: пері́од напівро́зпаду (períod napivrózpadu) — time in physics
  • Uzbek: yarim yemirilish davri — time in physics
  • Vietnamese: chu kì bán rã — time in physics
  • Vietnamese: chu kỳ bán rã — time in physics
  • Vietnamese: chu kỳ nửa phân rã — time in physics
  • Catalan: semivida — chemistry: time required for concentration to fall to half
  • Finnish: puoliintumisaika — chemistry: time required for concentration to fall to half
  • French: demi-vie — chemistry: time required for concentration to fall to half
  • German: Halbwertszeit — chemistry: time required for concentration to fall to half
  • Hungarian: felezési idő — chemistry: time required for concentration to fall to half
  • Indonesian: waktu paruh — chemistry: time required for concentration to fall to half
  • Italian: emivita — chemistry: time required for concentration to fall to half
  • Italian: semivita — chemistry: time required for concentration to fall to half
  • Japanese: 半減期 (hangenki) — chemistry: time required for concentration to fall to half
  • Malay: separuh hayat — chemistry: time required for concentration to fall to half
  • Russian: пери́од полужи́зни (períod polužízni) — chemistry: time required for concentration to fall to half
  • Spanish: semivida — chemistry: time required for concentration to fall to half
  • Tagalog: kalahatimbuhay — chemistry: time required for concentration to fall to half
  • Catalan: semivida — medicine: time for a substance to lose half of its activity
  • Finnish: puoliintumisaika — medicine: time for a substance to lose half of its activity
  • Indonesian: waktu paruh — medicine: time for a substance to lose half of its activity
  • Japanese: 半減期 (hangenki) — medicine: time for a substance to lose half of its activity
  • Malay: separuh hayat — medicine: time for a substance to lose half of its activity
  • Norwegian Bokmål: halveringstid — medicine: time for a substance to lose half of its activity
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: halveringstid — medicine: time for a substance to lose half of its activity
  • Russian: пери́од полувыведе́ния (períod poluvyvedénija) — medicine: time for a substance to lose half of its activity
  • Finnish: puoliintumisaika — time to lose half of influential power of an idea or fashion