Standard Lemma guide

hamstring

noun · verb · 7 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ˈhæmstɹɪŋ/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -æmstɹɪŋ
  • CMU ARPABET: HH AE1 M S T R IH2 NG Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

One of the great tendons situated in each side of the ham, or space back of the knee, and connected with the muscles of the back of the thigh.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: anatomy, medicine, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

The biceps femoris, semimembranosus, and semitendinosus muscles.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: informal

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: hams, hammy, hammie

Antonyms: none provided

3

verb

Meaning 3

To lame or disable by cutting the tendons of the ham or knee; to hough.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: hock, hough, hox

Antonyms: none provided

4

verb

Meaning 4

To cripple; to incapacitate; to disable.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: figuratively, transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: cripple, incapacitate, disable

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

one of the tendons at the back of the knee

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: hamstring tendon

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: tendon, sinew

6

verb

Meaning 6

cripple by cutting the hamstring

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: cripple, lame

7

verb

Meaning 7

make ineffective or powerless

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • The teachers were hamstrung by the overly rigid schedules

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: torment, rag, bedevil, crucify, dun, frustrate

History

Etymology

From ham (“region back of the knee joint”) + string.

Across languages

Translations

45 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Arabic: وَتَر اَلْمَأْبَض (watar al-maʔbaḍ) — great tendon
  • Bulgarian: колянно сухожилие (koljanno suhožilie) — great tendon
  • Czech: podkolenní šlacha — great tendon
  • Danish: hase — great tendon
  • Finnish: takareiden lihas — great tendon
  • French: ischio-jambier — great tendon
  • German: Hüftgelenkextensoren — great tendon
  • German: Kniesehne — great tendon
  • German: ischiocrurale Muskulatur — great tendon
  • German: rückseitige Oberschenkelmuskulatur — great tendon
  • Hungarian: térdín — great tendon
  • Irish: teannán ioscaide — great tendon
  • Japanese: ハムストリング (hamusutoringu) — great tendon
  • Korean: 햄스트링 (haemseuteuring) — great tendon
  • Latin: mūsculus ischiocrūrālis — great tendon
  • Māori: iohere kātete — great tendon
  • Plautdietsch: Hakesän — great tendon
  • Polish: ścięgno udowe — great tendon
  • Russian: подколе́нное сухожи́лие (podkolénnoje suxožílije) — great tendon
  • Russian: поджи́лки (podžílki) — great tendon
  • Spanish: isquiotibial — great tendon
  • Spanish: músculo isquiotibial — great tendon
  • Swedish: knäsena — great tendon
  • Swedish: hassena — great tendon
  • Tagalog: litid sa alakalakan — great tendon
  • Welsh: llinyn y gar — great tendon
  • Woiwurrung: karra-gora — great tendon
  • Arabic: عَقَرَ (ʕaqara) — to disable
  • Bulgarian: осакатявам (osakatjavam) — to disable
  • Bulgarian: контузвам (kontuzvam) — to disable
  • Czech: ochromit — to disable
  • Czech: paralyzovat — to disable
  • Finnish: lamaannuttaa — to disable
  • Finnish: rampauttaa — to disable
  • French: paralyser — to disable
  • Irish: speir — to disable
  • Latin: subnervō — to disable
  • Polish: krępować — to disable
  • Polish: skrępować — to disable
  • Polish: ograniczać — to disable
  • Polish: ograniczyć — to disable
  • Polish: paraliżować — to disable
  • Polish: sparaliżować — to disable
  • Turkish: sinirlemek — to disable
  • Ottoman Turkish: سڭیرلمك (siñirlemek) — to disable
Real reading context

hamstring in complete knowledge articles