harsh

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• Received-Pronunciation: /ˈhɑːʃ/
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• Received-Pronunciation: [ˈhɑːʃ]
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• Australian: /ˈhäːʃ/
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• Australian: [ˈhäːʃ] ~ /ˈhɐ̞ːʃ/
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• Australian: [ˈhɐ̞ːʃ]
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• Australia: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• General-American: /ˈhɑɹʃ/
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• General-American: [ˈhɑɹʃ]
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• obsolete: /ˈhæʃ/
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• obsolete: [ˈhæʃ]
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• rhymes with -ɑː(ɹ)ʃ
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• CMU ARPABET: HH AA1 R SH Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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From Middle English harsk, harisk(e), hask(e), herris. Century derived the term from Old Norse harskr (whence Danish harsk (“rancid”), dialectal Norwegian hersk, Swedish härsk, Swedish härsken); the Middle English Dictionary derives it from that and Middle Low German harsch (“rough”, literally “hairy”) (whence also German harsch), from haer (“hair”), from Old Saxon hār, from Proto-West Germanic *hār; the Oxford Dictionary of English derives it from Middle Low German alone.

From the German surname, Americanized from Harsch, from the adjective harsch.

154 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Albanian: rrept — rough
• Aromanian: ascuru — rough
• Bulgarian: груб (grub) — rough
• Bulgarian: остър (ostǎr) — rough
• Catalan: aspre — rough
• Chinese Mandarin: 粗暴 (cūbào) — rough
• Czech: hrubý — rough
• Danish: ru — rough
• Danish: grov — rough
• Dutch: ruw — rough
• Dutch: grof — rough
• Finnish: karkea — rough
• Finnish: kova — rough
• French: sévère — rough
• French: rude — rough
• Galician: áspero — rough
• Galician: esgrevio — rough
• German: rau — rough
• German: harsch — rough
• Greek: τραχύς (trachýs) — rough
• Indonesian: kasar — rough
• Ingrian: kova — rough
• Ingrian: raju — rough
• Ingrian: valju — rough
• Ingrian: valjo — rough
• Irish: garg — rough
• Italian: grossolano — rough
• Italian: ruvido — rough
• Italian: rude — rough
• Italian: aspro — rough
• Italian: accidentato — rough
• Italian: gibboso — rough
• Italian: discordante — rough
• Japanese: 粗悪 (soaku) — rough
• Korean: 거칠다 (geochilda) — rough
• Latin: asper — rough
• Latin: raucus — rough
• Latin: immītis — rough
• Latvian: raupjš — rough
• Latvian: rupjš — rough
• Māori: kakawa — rough
• Māori: tīkākā — rough
• Occitan: rude — rough
• Occitan: aspre — rough
• Old English: āfor — rough
• Persian: زمخت (zomoxt) — rough
• Plautdietsch: ruch — rough
• Polish: szorstki — rough
• Portuguese: áspero — rough
• Romanian: aspru — rough
• Russian: жёсткий (žóstkij) — rough
• Russian: твёрдый (tvjórdyj) — rough
• Russian: гру́бый (grúbyj) — rough
• Russian: шершавый (šeršavyj) — rough
• Russian: шерохова́тый (šeroxovátyj) — rough
• Russian: зазубренный (zazubrennyj) — rough
• Russian: неприя́тный — rough
• Spanish: áspero — rough
• Spanish: rudo — rough
• Sundanese: loma — rough
• Swahili: mkali — rough
• Swedish: sträv — rough
• Turkish: sert — rough
• Ukrainian: гру́бий (hrúbyj) — rough
• Ukrainian: суво́рий (suvóryj) — rough
• Ukrainian: різки́й (rizkýj) — rough
• Armenian: դաժան (dažan) — severe or cruel
• Asturian: severu — severe or cruel
• Bulgarian: рязък (rjazǎk) — severe or cruel
• Bulgarian: суров (surov) — severe or cruel
• Catalan: sever — severe or cruel
• Catalan: severa — severe or cruel
• Chinese Mandarin: 嚴格 /严格 (yángé) — severe or cruel
• Danish: grov — severe or cruel
• Dutch: wreed — severe or cruel
• Dutch: zwaar — severe or cruel
• Finnish: tyly — severe or cruel
• Finnish: julma — severe or cruel
• Finnish: kova — severe or cruel
• Finnish: ankara — severe or cruel
• Finnish: raaka — severe or cruel
• French: sévère — severe or cruel
• French: cruel — severe or cruel
• Galician: severo — severe or cruel
• Galician: fero — severe or cruel
• Galician: áspero — severe or cruel
• Galician: cru — severe or cruel
• German: unwirsch — severe or cruel
• German: harsch — severe or cruel
• German: scharf — severe or cruel
• German: hart — severe or cruel
• German: streng — severe or cruel
• German: schrill — severe or cruel
• German: herb — severe or cruel
• German: rau — severe or cruel
• German: grell — severe or cruel
• Greek: σκληρός (sklirós) — severe or cruel
• Ancient Greek: χαλεπός (khalepós) — severe or cruel
• Ancient Greek: ἀμείλικτος (ameíliktos) — severe or cruel
• Hindi: क्रूर (krūr) — severe or cruel
• Ingrian: valju — severe or cruel
• Ingrian: valjo — severe or cruel
• Italian: duro — severe or cruel
• Italian: severo — severe or cruel
• Italian: crudele — severe or cruel
• Italian: rigido — severe or cruel
• Italian: rigoroso — severe or cruel
• Korean: 냉혹하다 (naenghokhada) — severe or cruel
• Latin: acerbus — severe or cruel
• Latin: inclēmēns — severe or cruel
• Māori: kakawa — severe or cruel
• Māori: taimaha — severe or cruel
• Māori: taumaha — severe or cruel
• Māori: toimaha — severe or cruel
• Māori: whakawiri — severe or cruel
• Māori: tuanui — severe or cruel
• Occitan: sevèr — severe or cruel
• Old English: āfor — severe or cruel
• Polish: szorstki — severe or cruel
• Polish: bezwzględny — severe or cruel
• Portuguese: duro — severe or cruel
• Portuguese: severo — severe or cruel
• Portuguese: grosso — severe or cruel
• Portuguese: grosseiro — severe or cruel
• Portuguese: cruel — severe or cruel
• Romanian: aspru — severe or cruel
• Romanian: sever — severe or cruel
• Russian: ре́зкий (rézkij) — severe or cruel
• Russian: гру́бый (grúbyj) — severe or cruel
• Russian: суро́вый (suróvyj) — severe or cruel
• Russian: стро́гий (strógij) — severe or cruel
• Sanskrit: दारुण (dāruṇa) — severe or cruel
• Spanish: duro — severe or cruel
• Spanish: severo — severe or cruel
• Spanish: rudo — severe or cruel
• Spanish: riguroso — severe or cruel
• Spanish: cruel — severe or cruel
• Spanish: adusto — severe or cruel
• Spanish: desalmado — severe or cruel
• Swahili: mkali — severe or cruel
• Turkish: haşin — severe or cruel
• Turkish: gaddar — severe or cruel
• Turkish: zorlu — severe or cruel
• Ottoman Turkish: آجی (acı) — severe or cruel
• Ukrainian: жорстки́й (žorstkýj) — severe or cruel
• Volapük: sevärik — severe or cruel
• Catalan: criticar — negatively criticize
• Occitan: criticar — negatively criticize
• Occitan: pessugar — negatively criticize
• Occitan: piuçar — negatively criticize
• Russian: песочить (pesočitʹ) — negatively criticize
• Spanish: despotricar — negatively criticize
• Swahili: mkali — negatively criticize
• Swahili: mkali — put a damper on someone's mood