hawk

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• homophone: Hauke
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• homophone: hawk
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• homophone: hawke
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• homophone: Hawke
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• homophone: (cot-caught) hock
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• homophone: hok
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• Received-Pronunciation: /ˈhɔːk/
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• /ˈhɔk/ without the cot–caught merger
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• cot-caught-merger: /ˈhɑk/
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• Canada, cot-caught-merger: /ˈhɒk/
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• US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• rhymes with -ɔːk
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• homophone: Hawk
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• CMU ARPABET: HH AO1 K Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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* As an English surname, occupational surname for a hawker. This may have been inherited from Middle English hauek (“hawk”), from Old English hafoc. * Also as an English surname, from Middle English halke (“isolated nook”), from Old English healh (“nook”) + diminutive suffix -oc.

Etymology tree substratebor.? Proto-Indo-European *kap-der.? Proto-Germanic *habukaz Proto-West Germanic *habuk Old English hafoc Middle English hauk English hawk Inherited from Middle English hauk, hauke, hawke, havek, from Old English hafoc, from Proto-West Germanic *habuk, from Proto-Germanic *habukaz, controversially derived from Proto-Indo-European *kopuǵos, perhaps ultimately derived from *kap- (“seize”). Cognate with West Frisian hauk, German Low German Haavke, Dutch havik, German Habicht, Swedish hök, Danish høg, Norwegian Bokmål hauk, Norwegian Nynorsk hauk, Faroese heykur, Icelandic haukur, Finnish haukka, Estonian haugas; also Latin capys, capus (“bird of prey”), Albanian gabonjë, shkabë (“eagle”), Russian ко́бец (kóbec, “falcon”), Polish kobuz (“Eurasian Hobby”)).

Uncertain; perhaps from Middle English hache (“battle-axe”), or from a variant use of the above, for this compare with Russian со́кол (sókol, “falcon, but also a hawk (plaster's tool), mortarboard”).

Probably imitative, like hock (“cough”), hack (“cough”), although see the latter entry for more.

Back-formation from hawker.

284 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Afrikaans: hawik — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Ainu: タカ (taka) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Albanian: skifter — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Albanian: gjeraqinë — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Southern Altai: карчага (karčaga) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Amharic: ጭልፊት (č̣əlfit) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Arabic: صَقْر (ṣaqr) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Arabic: بَاز (bāz) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Arabic: صقر (ṣaʔr) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Armenian: բազե (baze) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Assamese: শেন (xen) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Assamese: চিলনী (siloni) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Asturian: ferre — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Azerbaijani: qırğı — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Bashkir: ҡарсыға (qarsığa) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Belarusian: я́страб (jástrab) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Breton: gwalc’h — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Bulgarian: я́стреб (jástreb) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Catalan: falcó — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Catalan: aligot — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Cebuano: banog — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Cherokee: ᏔᏬᏗ (tawodi) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Cheyenne: aénohe — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Eastern Min Chinese: 老鷂 /老鹞 (lâu-iŏh) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Chinese Mandarin: 鷹 /鹰 (yīng) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Choctaw: bia̱kak — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Crimean Tatar: atmaca — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Crimean Tatar: qırğıy — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Czech: jestřáb — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Danish: høg — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Dutch: havik — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Egyptian: T:n-Hr:r-nw-G39 (ṯnḥr) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Erzya: вадов (vadov) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Esperanto: akcipitro — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Estonian: haugas — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Even: гякан (gẹkan) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Faroese: heykur — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Finnish: haukka — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• French: autour — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Saterland Frisian: Hauk — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• West-Frisian: hauk — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Galician: gabián — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Galician: azor — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Georgian: შევარდენი (ševardeni) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• German: Bussard — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Greek: γεράκι (geráki) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Ancient Greek: ἱέραξ (hiérax) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Ancient Greek: κίρκος (kírkos) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Ancient Greek: πέρκος (pérkos) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Ancient Greek: τριόρχης (triórkhēs) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Greenlandic: kissavik — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Hausa: shaho — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Hebrew: נֵץ (netz) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Higaonon: banog — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Hindi: श्येन (śyen) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Hindi: बाज़ (bāz) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Hungarian: héja — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Icelandic: haukur — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Ido: falkono — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Indonesian: rajawali — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Ingrian: sakkeli — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Ingrian: haukka — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Irish: seabhac — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Italian: falco — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Italian: sparviero — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Italian: sparviere — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Japanese: 鷹 (taka) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Japanese: タカ (taka) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Karachay-Balkar: къыртчыгъа (qırtçığa) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Karachay-Balkar: картчыгъа (kartçığa) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• S'gaw Karen: လံာ် (leẹ) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Kashmiri: پٲز (pạ̄z) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Kazakh: қаршыға (qarşyğa) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Khakas: хартыға (xartığa) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Korean: 매 (mae) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Latgalian: vonogs — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Latin: accipiter — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Latin: astur — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Latvian: vanags — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Lithuanian: vanagas — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Livvi: haukku — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Low German: Haavk — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Low German: Hoovk — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Low German: Haav — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Low German: Hoov — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Low German: Haavke — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Macedonian: јастреб (jastreb) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Malay: rajawali — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Manx: shawk — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Māori: kāhu — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Nanai: гихон (gihon) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Negidal: ге̄хин (gēxin) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Nivkh: ӈайс (ŋajs) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Nogai: каршыга (karşıga) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Norwegian Bokmål: hauk — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Norwegian Nynorsk: hauk — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Occitan: falcon — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Ojibwe: gekek — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Old English: hafoc — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Pali: sena — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Persian: باز (bâz) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Persian: شاهین (šâhin) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Persian: قوش (quš) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Phoenician: 𐤑𐤑 — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Plautdietsch: Hofkje — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Polabian: ofkă — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Polish: jastrząb — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Portuguese: gavião — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Quechua: waman — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Romanian: uliu — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Russian: я́стреб (jástreb) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Sanskrit: श्येन (śyena) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Scottish Gaelic: clamhan — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Scottish Gaelic: seabhag — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Serbo-Croatian: јастреб — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Serbo-Croatian: jastreb — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Shona: rukodzi — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Shor: қартыға — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Sindhi: باز (bāz) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Slovak: jastrab — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Slovene: jastreb — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Lower Sorbian: jastśeb — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Upper Sorbian: jatřob — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Spanish: azor — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Spanish: gavilán — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Spanish: halcón — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Swahili: kipanga — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Swedish: hök — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Tagalog: lawin — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Tamil: பருந்து (paruntu) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Taos: tòkeną — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Tarifit: tamedda — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Tarifit: asiwan — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Tatar: карчыга (qarçığa) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Tausug: sambulaan — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Telugu: డేగ (ḍēga) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Telugu: శ్యేనము (śyēnamu) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Thai: เหยี่ยว (yìao) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Turkish: atmaca — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Ottoman Turkish: طوغان (doğan) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Turkmen: gyrgy — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Tuvan: хартыга (xartıga) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Ukrainian: я́струб (jástrub) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Urdu: باز (bāz) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Urdu: شاہین (śāhīn) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Urdu: عقاب ('uqāb) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Urdu: چیل (cīl) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Uzbek: qarchigʻay — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Veps: habuk — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Vietnamese: chim ưng — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Vietnamese: diều hâu — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Volapük: hauk — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Volapük: fäon — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Votic: haukkõ — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Welsh: gwalch — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Welsh: hebog — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Yakut: кыырт (kïïrt) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Yakut: хардааччы (qardaaččï) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Yiddish: פֿאַלק (falk) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Yiddish: האַביכט (habikht) — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Zazaki: bāze — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Zulu: uhele class 11/10 — predatory bird of Accipitridae
• Finnish: haukka — similar bird
• French: épervier — similar bird
• French: autour (goshawk) — similar bird
• French: buse (buzzard) — similar bird
• Hungarian: karvaly — similar bird
• Hungarian: ölyv — similar bird
• Hungarian: sólyom — similar bird
• Hungarian: sas — similar bird
• Armenian: բազե (baze) — advocate of aggressive politics
• Chinese Mandarin: 鷹派 /鹰派 (yīngpài) — advocate of aggressive politics
• Czech: jestřáb — advocate of aggressive politics
• Danish: høg — advocate of aggressive politics
• Dutch: havik — advocate of aggressive politics
• Finnish: haukka — advocate of aggressive politics
• French: faucon — advocate of aggressive politics
• Georgian: ქორი (kori) — advocate of aggressive politics
• Georgian: პოლიტიკური ქორი (ṗoliṭiḳuri kori) — advocate of aggressive politics
• Georgian: ინტერვენციონისტი (inṭervencionisṭi) — advocate of aggressive politics
• Georgian: ძალისმიერი პოლიტიკის მომხრე (ʒalismieri ṗoliṭiḳis momxre) — advocate of aggressive politics
• Georgian: მილიტარისტი (miliṭarisṭi) — advocate of aggressive politics
• Georgian: ძალისმიერი პოლიტიკის გამტარებელი (ʒalismieri ṗoliṭiḳis gamṭarebeli) — advocate of aggressive politics
• German: Falke — advocate of aggressive politics
• German: Kriegshetzer — advocate of aggressive politics
• German: Kriegshetzerin — advocate of aggressive politics
• German: Kriegstreiber — advocate of aggressive politics
• German: Kriegstreiberin — advocate of aggressive politics
• German: Militarist — advocate of aggressive politics
• German: Militaristin — advocate of aggressive politics
• German: Bellizist — advocate of aggressive politics
• German: Bellizistin — advocate of aggressive politics
• Hungarian: héja — advocate of aggressive politics
• Hungarian: háborúpárti — advocate of aggressive politics
• Hungarian: militarista — advocate of aggressive politics
• Hungarian: háborús uszító — advocate of aggressive politics
• Italian: falco — advocate of aggressive politics
• Japanese: 鷹派 (takaha) — advocate of aggressive politics
• Japanese: タカ派 (takaha) — advocate of aggressive politics
• Polish: jastrząb — advocate of aggressive politics
• Portuguese: belicista — advocate of aggressive politics
• Russian: я́стреб (jástreb) — advocate of aggressive politics
• Russian: милитари́ст (militaríst) — advocate of aggressive politics
• Sicilian: farcu — advocate of aggressive politics
• Slovene: jastreb — advocate of aggressive politics
• Spanish: halcón — advocate of aggressive politics
• Swedish: hök — advocate of aggressive politics
• Thai: ผู้กระหายสงคราม (pûu-grà-hǎai-sǒng-kraam) — advocate of aggressive politics
• Finnish: haukka — game theory: type of player
• Bulgarian: маламашка (malamaška) — plasterer's tool
• Czech: omítkářský talíř — plasterer's tool
• Danish: mørtelbræt — plasterer's tool
• German: Mörtelbrett — plasterer's tool
• German: Reibebrett — plasterer's tool
• German: Traufel — plasterer's tool
• German: Glättkelle — plasterer's tool
• Greek: πηλοφόρι (pilofóri) — plasterer's tool
• Irish: ác — plasterer's tool
• Italian: nettatoia — plasterer's tool
• Italian: sparviero — plasterer's tool
• Italian: vassoio — plasterer's tool
• Polish: deska do zaprawy murarskiej — plasterer's tool
• Portuguese: desempenadeira — plasterer's tool
• Romanian: mala — plasterer's tool
• Russian: соко́л (sokól) — plasterer's tool
• Russian: со́кол (sókol) — plasterer's tool
• Russian: соколо́к (sokolók) — plasterer's tool
• Bulgarian: изкашляне (izkašljane) — an effort to force up phlegm
• Finnish: rykiminen — an effort to force up phlegm
• Finnish: kakominen — an effort to force up phlegm
• Indonesian: deham — an effort to force up phlegm
• Italian: scatarrare — an effort to force up phlegm
• Māori: wharowharo — an effort to force up phlegm
• Portuguese: pigarro — an effort to force up phlegm
• Portuguese: pigarreada — an effort to force up phlegm
• Sicilian: scraccu — an effort to force up phlegm
• Sicilian: scraccata — an effort to force up phlegm
• Sicilian: scatarrata — an effort to force up phlegm
• Swedish: harkling — an effort to force up phlegm
• Finnish: metsästää haukalla — to hunt with a hawk
• Hungarian: héjával solymászik — to hunt with a hawk
• Italian: cacciare col falco — to hunt with a hawk
• Portuguese: falcoar — to hunt with a hawk
• Czech: podomně prodávat — to sell
• Danish: falbyde — to sell
• Finnish: kaupustella — to sell
• French: vendre — to sell
• Italian: vendere per strada — to sell
• Italian: vendere porta a porta — to sell
• Latin: circitō — to sell
• Romanian: vinde — to sell
• Russian: продава́ть (prodavátʹ) — to sell
• Spanish: pregonar — to sell
• Swedish: sälja — to sell
• Swedish: nasa — to sell
• Swedish: kränga — to sell
• Swedish: häla — to sell
• Bulgarian: изкашлям се (izkašljam se) — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Chinese Mandarin: 咳 (ké) — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Czech: odkašlat si — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Danish: harke — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Danish: rømme sig — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Finnish: rykiä — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Finnish: kakistaa — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Finnish: kakoa — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Greek: αποχρέμπτομαι (apochrémptomai) — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Hungarian: harákol — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Hungarian: krákog — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Hungarian: köszörüli a torkát — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Italian: raschiare la gola — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Latin: cōnscreor — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Māori: wharo — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Māori: wharowharo — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Māori: whawharo — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Norman: râqu'ter — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Portuguese: pigarrear — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Portuguese: expectorar — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Portuguese: escarrar — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Serbo-Croatian: iskašljati — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Serbo-Croatian: iskašljavati — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Sicilian: a risucàrisi u scraccu — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Spanish: expectorar — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Swedish: harkla sig — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat
• Swedish: harkla — to attempt to cough up, to clear the throat